In vitro release of endogenous monoamines and amino acids from several CNS regions of the rat

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. J. McBride ◽  
R. S. Flint ◽  
M. T. Ciancone ◽  
J. M. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Vitro Release

THE IN VITRO RELEASE OF AMINO ACIDS BY RUMEN PAPILLAE

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. BOILA ◽  
L. P. MILLIGAN
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Chromatographic Technique ◽  
Salts Of Organic Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Vitro Release ◽  
Effective Source

Rumen papillae from cattle were incubated aerobically with combinations of NH4Cl, amino acids and salts of organic acids, the latter including propionate, pyruvate, α-ketoglutarate and glyoxylate. Amino acids in the incubation media were analyzed using a gas-liquid chromatographic technique entailing separation of the isobutyl-N(0)-heptafluorobutyryl esters: glutamine was recovered with glutamate, asparagine with aspartate, and citrulline with ornithine. Rumen papillae incubated with pyruvate or propionate released alanine, but with the latter substrate only glutamate was effective as a nitrogen source. Glycine and glutamate plus glutamine were released in the presence of glyoxylate and α-ketoglutarate, respectively. Serine and aspartate plus asparagine were not quantitatively major products released by rumen papillae. Glutamate was an effective source of nitrogen for the release of alanine and glycine with pyruvate and glyoxylate, respectively, as carbon sources. When rumen papillae were incubated with pyruvate or glyoxylate as the added carbon source, glutamine nitrogen disappeared and was not accounted for by the amino acids measured. With arginine as a substrate, there was a release of ornithine by rumen papillae indicating urea production. The tissues of rumen papillae appear to synthesize amino acids from expected carbon sources with ammonia or glutamate as nitrogen sources and to catabolize glutamine and arginine. The metabolism of amino acids by rumen papillae would contribute to the interchange of nitrogen between the rumen and the host.

scholarly journals Prazosin-Conjugated Matrices Based on Biodegradable Polymers and α-Amino Acids—Synthesis, Characterization, and in Vitro Release Study

Molecules ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 14533-14551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Oledzka ◽  
Anna Sawicka ◽  
Marcin Sobczak ◽  
Grzegorz Nalecz-Jawecki ◽  
Agata Skrzypczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Release Study ◽  
Vitro Release

Content and In Vitro Release of Endogenous Amino Acids in the Area of the Nucleus of the Solitary Tract of the Rat

1989 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1807-1817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary P. Meeley ◽  
Mark D. Underwood ◽  
William T. Talman ◽  
Donald J. Reis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Solitary Tract ◽  
Endogenous Amino Acids ◽  
Vitro Release

In Vitro Release of Endogenous Excitatory Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids from Various Rat Brain Regions

1986 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 779-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Quang Do ◽  
Marianne Mattenberger ◽  
Peter Streit ◽  
Michel Cuénod
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Rat Brain Regions ◽  
Sulfur Containing ◽  
Vitro Release

Study on in vitro release patterns of fentanyl-loaded PLGA microspheres

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 569-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-A. Seo ◽  
G. Khang ◽  
J. M. Rhee ◽  
J. Kim ◽  
H. B. Lee
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Plga Microspheres ◽  
Vitro Release

Reliability of a Single β-Thromboglobulin Measurement in a Diabetic Population : Importance of PGE1 in Anticoagulant Mixture

1987 ◽  
Vol 57 (02) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Y Scarabin ◽  
L Strain ◽  
C A Ludlam ◽  
J Jones ◽  
E M Kohner
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Reliable Estimate ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Single Measurement ◽  
Diabetic Population ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Vitro Release

SummaryDuring the collection of samples for plasma β-thromboglobulin (β-TG) determination, it is well established that artificially high values can be observed due to in-vitro release. To estimate the reliability of a single β-TG measurement, blood samples were collected simultaneously from both arms on two separate occasions in 56 diabetic patients selected for a clinical trial. From each arm, blood was taken into two tubes containing an anticoagulant mixture with (tube A) and without (tube B) PGE!. The overall mean value of B-TG in tube B was 1.14 times higher than in tube A (p <0.01). The markedly large between-arms variation accounted for the most part of within-subject variation in both tubes and was significantly greater in tube B than in tube A. Based on the difference between B-TG values from both arms, the number of subjects with artifically high B-TG values was significantly higher in tube B than in tube A on each occasion (overall rate: 28% and 14% respectively). Estimate of between-occasions variation showed that B-TG levels were relatively stable for each subject between two occasions in each tube. It is concluded that the use of PGEi decreases falsely high B-TG levels, but a single measurement of B-TG does not provide a reliable estimate of the true B-TG value in vivo.

Preparation and In-vitro Evaluation of Fe3O4 Encapsulated by Chitosan Loaded Capecitabine Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Breast Cancer

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanmuganathan S. ◽  
Nigma S. ◽  
Anbarasan B. ◽  
Harika B.
Keyword(s):  
Fe3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Polymer Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Therapeutic Molecules ◽  
Dialysis Method ◽  
Vitro Release

Nanoparticulate Carriers which is biodegradable, biocompatible and bio adhesive have significant feasible applications for administration of therapeutic molecules. The present study was aimed to formulate and optimise Capecitabine loaded Chitosan-Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and to study the in-vitro evaluation by sigma dialysis method. Capecitabine loaded chitosan – Fe3O4 nanoparticles batches with different ratios of drug: polymer (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6) were prepared by ionic gelation method. Increase in polymer concentration increases the nanoparticle drug content. Entrapment efficiency was 60.12% with drug to polymer ratio F3 (1:3). In-vitro release was found to be 65.20% for 12 hrs. Capecitabine from chitosanFe3O4 nanoparticles SEM image reveals discrete spherical structure and particles with size range of 100-500nm. FTIR studies represent the functional groups present with no characteristics change in formulations. Samples stored at refrigerator conditions showed better stability compared with samples kept at other conditions during 8 weeks of storage.

Formulation and In-vitro Evaluation of Chewable Tablets of Montelukast Sodium

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxman Devkota ◽  
Bhupendra Poudel ◽  
Junu Silwal
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Release ◽  
Magnesium Stearate ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Artificial Sweetener ◽  
Leukotriene Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Montelukast Sodium ◽  
Chewable Tablets ◽  
Leukotriene Receptor ◽  
Vitro Release

The objective of the present study is to develop chewable tablets containing different pharmaceutical compositions with simple manufacturing procedures using different excipients. Mannitols, L-HPC 11, Aspartame, Crospovidone, Crospovidone, Aerosil, and Magnesium Stearate are used as excipients for effective formulation of anti-asthmatic drug Montelukast. Montelukast is a selective, orally acting leukotriene receptor antagonist that is used for the treatment of asthma and seasonal allergic rhinitis. Montelukast chewable tablets were prepared by Direct Compression methods using suitable excipients. The chewable tablets were better presented using artificial sweetener Aspartame as flavouring agent. A total of forteen formulations were prepared and the granules were evaluated for pre-compression parameters. The formulated tablets were evaluated for post-compression parameters .The results showed that all the physical parameters were within the acceptable limits. The in vitro release study of all the formulations showed good release. The study concludes that aforementioned excipients can be used to design chewable montelukast sodium tablets.

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