Synthesis of leucine-enkephalin using method of polymeric N-hydroxysuccinimide esters

1978 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1710-1712
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Davidovich ◽  
A. V. Il'ina ◽  
S. V. Rogozhin
Keyword(s):  
Leucine Enkephalin ◽  
Hydroxysuccinimide Esters

Aldehyde gold clusters for molecular labeling

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 858-859
Author(s):  
James F. Hainfeld ◽  
Frederic R. Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Aldehyde Group ◽  
Gold Clusters ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Amino Groups ◽  
Sodium Cyanoborohydride ◽  
Schiff’S Base ◽  
Protein Molecules ◽  
Hydroxysuccinimide Esters ◽  
Primary Amino

Glutaraldehyde is a useful tissue and molecular fixing reagents. The aldehyde moiety reacts mainly with primary amino groups to form a Schiff's base, which is reversible but reasonably stable at pH 7; a stable covalent bond may be formed by reduction with, e.g., sodium cyanoborohydride (Fig. 1). The bifunctional glutaraldehyde, (CHO-(CH2)3-CHO), successfully stabilizes protein molecules due to generally plentiful amines on their surface; bovine serum albumin has 60; 59 lysines + 1 α-amino. With some enzymes, catalytic activity after fixing is preserved; with respect to antigens, glutaraldehyde treatment can compromise their recognition by antibodies in some cases. Complicating the chemistry somewhat are the reported side reactions, where glutaraldehyde reacts with other amino acid side chains, cysteine, histidine, and tyrosine. It has also been reported that glutaraldehyde can polymerize in aqueous solution. Newer crosslinkers have been found that are more specific for the amino group, such as the N-hydroxysuccinimide esters, and are commonly preferred for forming conjugates. However, most of these linkers hydrolyze in solution, so that the activity is lost over several hours, whereas the aldehyde group is stable in solution, and may have an advantage of overall efficiency.

No evidence of direct cardiac action of leucine-enkephalin in canine heart-lung preparation.

1984 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shozo KOYAMA ◽  
Nobuyuki TERADA ◽  
Yumiko SHIOJIMA ◽  
Toru TAKEUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Canine Heart ◽  
Leucine Enkephalin ◽  
Cardiac Action ◽  
Lung Preparation

Intraventricular self-administration of leucine-enkephalin by laboratory rats

Life Sciences ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (15) ◽  
pp. 1527-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Smith ◽  
Zavie W. Brown ◽  
Zalman Amit
Keyword(s):  
Self Administration ◽  
Leucine Enkephalin ◽  
Laboratory Rats

Immunoreactive Leucine-Enkephalin Content in Brains of Epileptic E1 Mice

Epilepsia ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junko Ochi ◽  
Masatoshi Ito ◽  
Takehiko Okuno ◽  
Haruki Mikawa
Keyword(s):  
Leucine Enkephalin

Age Increases Leucine Enkephalin Hydrolysis in Human Plasma

Gerontology ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucilla Bongiorno ◽  
Marina Marzano ◽  
Mario Marini ◽  
L. Giorgio Roda ◽  
Alessandra Urbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Plasma ◽  
Leucine Enkephalin
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