The eccentric dipole

1967 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. James ◽  
D. E. Winch
Keyword(s):  
1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 968-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Rose ◽  
K. B. Fenton ◽  
J. Katzman ◽  
J. A. Simpson

Results are presented of cosmic ray measurements taken at sea level during 1954–55 from the Arctic to the Antarctic. The equipment consisted of a neutron monitor and a meson telescope. Latitude effects of 1.77 for the nucleonic component and 1.15 for the meson component were measured. The longitude effect at the equator was much less than expected on the basis of the geomagnetic eccentric dipole and the longitude effect at intermediate northern latitudes shows that the longitude of the effective eccentric dipole is considerably west of that of the geomagnetic eccentric dipole. In a previous paper by the same authors, the positions of the equatorial minima were combined with other published cosmic ray measurements to calculate a new cosmic ray geomagnetic equator. In this paper new coordinates are derived on the assumption that these equatorial coordinates apply to a new eccentric dipole, and, therefore, that the equatorial coordinates may be extended to high latitudes. When the complete results are plotted on these coordinates, it is found that an eccentric dipole representation of the earth's magnetic field is inconsistent with the combined observations at all latitudes.


1962 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
FR Bond ◽  
F Jacka

The probability P of overhead occurrence of aurora during a night is estimated for 22 southern hemisphere stations during the I.G.Y. The distribution of probability of occurrence is represented in terms of three measures of colatitude: 81 is defined in terms of the eccentric dipole representation of the geomagnetic field; 82 is defined in terms of projections from circles in the equatorial plane, along the geomagnetic lines of force, onto the Earth; 83 is defined in terms of the integral invariant f; (I-F IF m)!dl of charged particle motion in the geomagnetic field.


Physica ◽  
1946 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Dekker

1973 ◽  
Vol BME-20 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Brody ◽  
Fred H. Terry ◽  
Raymond E. Ideker

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