Effect of colchicine and pilocarpine on secretory activity of type II alveolocytes in the rat lung

1987 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
M. S. Pokrovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Type Ii Alveolocytes

Control of release of surfactant phospholipids in the isolated perfused rat lung

1981 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Nicholas ◽  
H. A. Barr
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Volume ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Cyclic Monophosphate ◽  
Type Ii Cell ◽  
Surfactant Phospholipids ◽  
Isolated Rat Lung ◽  
Isolated Rat

We used the isolated rat lung to investigate surfactant release. The lung was ventilated at 60.min-1 with 5% CO2–95% O2 and perfused at 10 ml.min-1 with Krebs-bicarbonate (4.5% albumin). After 20 min during which antagonist drugs were present, the lungs were either hyperventilated or agonist drugs were added. After another 15 min lungs were lavaged. Peak inspired pressures (PIP) in excess of 12 cmH2O produced progressively greater phospholipid (PL) yields. Whereas ventilating with PIP of 9 cmH2O and end-expired pressure(EEP) of 5 cmH2O produced 5.9 +/- 0.8 (mean +/-SD) (n = 17) mg PL. g dry lung-1, ventilating with PIP of 20 cmH2O and EEP of 0 cmH2O produced 10.1 +/- 1.3 (n = 26). PL release was unaffected by tetrodotoxin, propranolol, atropine, cyproheptadine, or indomethacin. PL was increased by salbutamol and dibutyryl adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate but not by pilocarpine or dibutyryl guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate. We conclude, that increasing tidal volume immediately releases surfactant, probably by distorting the type II cell and elevating cAMP. An intrapulmonary neural reflex is not involved in this response of the isolated rat lung, nor is histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine, or a prostaglandin.

Localization of a candidate surfactant convertase to type II cells, macrophages, and surfactant subfractions

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (3) ◽  
pp. L452-L458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Clark ◽  
Lennell Allen ◽  
Erin Collins ◽  
Frederick Barr ◽  
Leland Dobbs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Clara Cells ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Protein Distribution ◽  
Serine Hydrolase ◽  
Surfactant Metabolism

Pulmonary surfactant exists in the alveolus in several distinct subtypes that differ in their morphology, composition, and surface activity. Experiments by others have implicated a serine hydrolase in the production of the inactive small vesicular subtype of surfactant (N. J. Gross and R. M. Schultz. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1044: 222–230, 1990). Our laboratory recently identified this enzyme in the rat as the serine carboxylesterase ES-2 [F. Barr, H. Clark, and S. Hawgood. Am. J. Physiol. 274 ( Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 18): L404–L410, 1998]. In the present study, we determined the cellular sites of expression of ES-2 in rat lung using a digoxygenin-labeled ES-2 riboprobe. ES-2 mRNA was localized to type II cells and alveolar macrophages but not to Clara cells. Using a specific ES-2 antibody, we determined the protein distribution of ES-2 in the lung by immunohistochemistry, and it was found to be consistent with the sites of mRNA expression. Most of the ES-2 in rat bronchoalveolar lavage is in the surfactant-depleted supernatant, but ES-2 was also consistently localized to the small vesicular surfactant subfraction presumed to form as a consequence of conversion activity. These results are consistent with a role for endogenous lung ES-2 in surfactant metabolism.

scholarly journals Maternal administration of dexamethasone stimulates choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase in fetal type II cells

1987 ◽  
Vol 241 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Post
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Active Form ◽  
Type Ii Cells ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Dexamethasone Treatment ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Fetal Rat Lung ◽  
Choline Phosphate

Administration of dexamethasone to pregnant rats at 19 days gestation increased phosphatidylcholine synthesis (45%) from radioactive choline in type II cells. This enhanced synthesis of phosphatidylcholine was accompanied by an increased conversion of choline phosphate into CDP-choline. Similar results were obtained by incubating organotypic cultures of 19-day-fetal rat lung with cortisol. The increased conversion of choline phosphate into CDP-choline correlated with an enhanced choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase activity (31% after dexamethasone treatment; 47% after cortisol exposure) in the cell homogenates. A similar increase (26% after dexamethasone treatment; 39% after cortisol exposure) was found in the microsomal-associated enzyme. No differences in cytosolic enzyme activity were observed. The specific activity of the microsomal enzyme was 3-4 times that of the cytosolic enzyme. Most of the enzyme activity was located in the microsomal fraction (58-65%). The treatments had no effect on the total amount of enzyme recovered from the cell homogenates. These results, taken collectively, are interpreted to indicate that the active form of cytidylyltransferase in type II cells is the membrane-bound enzyme and that cytidylyltransferase activation in type II cells from fetal rat lung after maternal glucocorticoid administration occurs by binding of inactive cytosolic enzyme to endoplasmic reticulum.

scholarly journals Cigarette Smoke Induces Apoptosis by Activation of Caspase-3 in Isolated Fetal Rat Lung Type II Alveolar Ep-ithelial Cells <i>in Vitro</i>

2013 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 4-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asra Ahmed ◽  
James A. Thliveris ◽  
Anthony Shaw ◽  
Michael Sowa ◽  
James Gilchrist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Fetal Rat Lung

Effects of the Antiglucocorticoid RU 486 on the Initiation of Ultrastructural Type-II Cell Differentiation in Fetal Rat Lung

Neonatology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 173-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Guettari ◽  
Marie-Elizabeth Dufour ◽  
Léa Marin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Rat Lung ◽  
Ru 486 ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Fetal Rat Lung ◽  
Type Ii Cell
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