Importance of the density of the spleen cell suspension in culture for development of the immune response

1975 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 1339-1342
Author(s):  
A. E. Gurvich ◽  
A. A. Korukova ◽  
O. S. Grigor'eva
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Spleen Cell Suspension

scholarly journals Modulation of ovomucoid-specific oral tolerance in mice fed plant extracts containing lectins

2002 ◽  
Vol 88 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja M. R. Kjær ◽  
Hanne Frøkiær
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Antibody Response ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Oral Tolerance ◽  
Tolerance Induction ◽  
Specific Immune Response ◽  
Kidney Bean ◽  
Dietary Components ◽  
Oral Tolerance Induction

We investigated the effect of feeding extracts of four different legumes (red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), peanut (Arachis hypogaea), soyabean (Glycine max) and pea (Pisum sativum) on the specific immune response against a food protein. Mice were fed ovomucoid and the specific immune response was evaluated. Ovomucoid fed alone resulted in oral tolerance induction measured as both a reduced ovomucoid-specific spleen cell proliferation and antibody response. Feeding kidney-bean extract prevented induction of oral tolerance to ovomucoid measured as spleen cell proliferation in vitro. Pure kidney-bean lectin also prevented oral tolerance induction, suggesting that lectin in the kidney-bean extract caused inhibition of oral tolerance. Parenteral administration (intravenous and intraperitoneal) of pure kidney-bean lectin had no significant influence on oral tolerance induction. Soyabean extract also influenced the immune response against ovomucoid; however, this was not as pronounced as for kidney bean and was only significant (P<0·001) for the antibody response. No effect was observed when pea extract was fed and peanut extract had a non-significant effect on induction of oral tolerance and on the general immune response. Plasma antibodies against kidney-bean lectin, but not against the three other legume lectins, were detected. Our current findings show that other dietary components can influence the specific immune response against food proteins. Various dietary components may thus contribute to the onset of adverse immunological responses.

scholarly journals INDUCTION OF A HEMOLYSIN RESPONSE IN VITRO

1970 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 1267-1278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus-Ulrich Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow Derived Cells ◽  
Thymus Cells

The immune response to foreign erythrocytes was studied in vitro. Two subpopulations of cells were prepared. One was a population of bone marrow-derived spleen cells, taken from thymectomized, irradiated, and bone marrow-reconstituted mice; there was evidence that most of the precursors of the PFC had been present in this cell population, but few PFC developed in cultures of these cells alone in the presence of immunogenic erythrocytes. Another cell suspension was made from spleens of mice which had been irradiated and injected with thymus cells and erythrocytes; these cells were called educated T cells. The two cell suspensions together allow the formation of PFC in the presence of the erythrocytes which were used to educate the T cells, but not in the presence of noncross-reacting erythrocytes. If bone marrow-derived cells and T cells were kept in culture together with two different species of erythrocytes, and if one of the erythrocytes had been used to educate the T cells, then PFC against each of the erythrocytes could be detected.

High-diluted thymulin on Ehrlich tumor growth in mice and the importance of tumor microenvironment

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 20-41
Author(s):  
Juliana Gimenez Amaral ◽  
Thayna Neves Cardoso ◽  
Aloísio Cunha De Carvalho ◽  
Cideli de Paula Coelho ◽  
Silvia Waisse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Tumor Growth Rate ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Ehrlich Tumor ◽  
Systemic Immune Response

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to describe different biological aspects of Ehrlich tumor in mice, such as body weight evolution, tumor growth rate, histological organization and systemic immune response after treatment with high-diluted thymulin (10-9 M, named 5CH). Methods: Tumor assessment was focused on macro- and microscopic aspects; parameters included occurrence of necrosis, embolism and tumor development, in addition to quantitative analysis of apoptosis (caspase-3), cell proliferation (Ki-67) and angiogenesis (vascular endothelial growth factor - VEGF) by means of specific immunohistochemistry markers. Spleen cell populations were evaluated by flow cytometry analysis. Results: Mice treated with thymulin 5CH exhibited changes in the tumor microenvironment, such as reduced micro-embolism incidence and cytokeratin expression, with increased caspase-3 expression in the tumor cells. These findings indicate some apoptotic activity by the tumor cells induced by the treatment, even though no reduction of the macroscopic tumor mass occurred. No changes in the systemic immune response were detected, as the balance among spleen cell populations remained unchanged. Conclusions: The results indicate that treatment of mice bearing Ehrlich tumor with thymulin 5CH induces some specific changes in the tumor environment. However, it did not influence systemic immunity parameters. Adjuvant use of thymulin 5CH in oncological clinical practice is still a matter of discussion.

Long-Term Oral Administration of Ginseng Extract Modulates Humoral Immune Response and Spleen Cell Functions

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (04) ◽  
pp. 651-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chian-Jiun Liou ◽  
Wen-Chung Huang ◽  
Jerming Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
Ginseng Root ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Ginseng Extract ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cell Functions

Ginseng radix (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is a popular herbal medicine in Oriental countries. We investigated the effect of long-term oral administration of ginseng extract on the antigen-specific antibody response. Male BALB/c mice were treated orally for 30 consecutive days with 2 g/kg of a 50% ethanol extract of ginseng root. Mice treated with ginseng and immunized with ovalbumin (OVA), resulting in an eight-fold increase in titers of anti-OVA immunoglobulin (Ig)G in the serum compared to the group receiving OVA immunization without ginseng treatment; the level of IgG was also significantly elevated in the mice treated with ginseng and immunized with OVA. Mice treated with ginseng without OVA immunization exhibited significantly reduced IgG and IgA production by spleen cells. However, IgG production was not affected in mice treated with ginseng and OVA immunization in spleen cells. Interleukin (IL)-2, interferon (IFN)-γ and IL-4 secretion by spleen cells from either ginseng-treated mice or OVA-immunized mice were down-regulated compared to that in the control group; while the production of IL-10 was unchanged. The percentage of CD8+ cells was significantly reduced in spleen cells from ginseng-treated, OVA-immunized mice. Thus, long-term oral administration of ginseng extract appears to potentiate humoral immune response but suppress spleen cell functions.

scholarly journals INHIBITORY AND STIMULATORY EFFECTS OF CONCANAVALIN A ON THE RESPONSE OF MOUSE SPLEEN CELL SUSPENSIONS TO ANTIGEN

1973 ◽  
Vol 138 (6) ◽  
pp. 1496-1505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard W. Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Concanavalin A ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Mouse Spleen ◽  
Mouse Spleen Cell ◽  
Experimental Conditions

The addition of concanavalin A to mouse spleen cell suspensions can either inhibit or stimulate the immune response to heterologous erythrocytes according to the experimental conditions. Evidence is presented which is incompatible with the hypothesis that these two effects are mediated by a single cell and which favors the hypothesis of separate inhibitor and stimulatory cells.

scholarly journals Prenatal cadmium exposure produces persistent changes to thymus and spleen cell phenotypic repertoire as well as the acquired immune response

2012 ◽  
Vol 265 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Holásková ◽  
Meenal Elliott ◽  
Miranda L. Hanson ◽  
Rosana Schafer ◽  
John B. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Cadmium Exposure

scholarly journals Feedback suppression of the immune response in vitro. I. Activity of antigen-stimulated B cells.

1980 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
R H Zubler ◽  
H Cantor ◽  
B Benacerraf ◽  
R N Germain
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Spleen Cells ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Feedback Suppression

Feedback regulation of the primary humoral immune response to sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) was studied in vitro. Whole spleen cells or spleen cell subpopulations were incubated with antigen for 4 d under Mishell-Dutton conditions (education) and the surviving cells tested for regulatory activity in fresh anti-SRBC spleen cell cultures assayed by measuring plaque-forming cells on day 4. The data indicate that (a) whole spleen cells educated with SRBC exert potent antigen-specific suppression in the assay culture, (b) surface Ig- (sIg-) cells (T cells) prepared by either nylon-wool separation or fractionation on rabbit anti-mouse-Ig-coated polystyrene Petri dishes failed to generate suppressive activity when educated alone, in 2-mercaptoethanol, or in the presence of additional macrophages, (c) surface Ig (sIg+) (B) cells educated alone also failed to generate suppressor cells, and (d) mixing sIg- (T) and sIg+, Lyt 123- (B) cells reconstituted the ability to induce suppressor cells under these conditions. The antigen-primed cell actually required to transfer suppression was also characterized by separating cells using anti-Ig coated dishes, by fluorescence-activated cell sorting and by anti-Lyt treatment. All these methods clearly identified sIg+ (B) and not sIg+ (T) cells as the important educated cells. It is concluded that under our conditions, T cell-dependent B cells triggered by antigen during primary in vitro cultures cause potent specific feedback suppression of humoral responses. Possible mechanisms for this suppression, including antigen blockade or anti-idiotypic responses, are discussed.

scholarly journals CELLULAR EVENTS IN THE IMMUNE RESPONSE

1968 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald J. Raidt ◽  
R. I. Mishell ◽  
Richard W. Dutton
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Density Gradient ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Plaque Assay ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Cellular Events

Cell suspensions from the spleens of normal mice or mice injected with sheep erythrocytes were separated on a discontinous bovine serum albumin density gradient. Four bands or subpopulations were obtained and were assayed for antibody-forming cells, and for antigen-sensitive precursor cells. The antibody-forming cells were assayed by the hemolytic plaque assay and the antigen-sensitive precursors were assayed by the number of plaque-forming cells which developed after 3 or 5 day's culture with antigen. It was found that both antibody-forming cells and their precursors were present in the denser region of the gradient when spleen cell suspensions were taken from unimmunized mice. In contrast, both antibody-forming cells and precursors floated to the top in cell suspensions from mice sacrificed 1, 2, or 3 days after antigen injection. The change in density was detectable as early as 12 hr and was complete by 18 hr. The cell which changed in density was specific for the antigen that brought about that change. The significance of these findings is discussed.

Inhibition of in vitro Immune Response by Treatment of Spleen Cell Suspensions with Anti-θ Serum

Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 226 (5252) ◽  
pp. 1258-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNELIESE SCHIMPL ◽  
EBERHARD WECKER
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Spleen Cell ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
In Vitro Immune Response
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