Systematic error in measuring the integral emissivity with a radiation pyrometer

1973 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 1422-1423
Author(s):  
D. M. Shcherbina
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Error ◽  
Radiation Pyrometer ◽  
Integral Emissivity

Systematic error of LSM-estimation of covariance components of biperiodically correlated random signals

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (47) ◽  
pp. 26-33
Author(s):  
I. M. Javorskyj ◽  
◽  
O. Y. Dzeryn ◽  
R. M. Yuzefovych ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Error ◽  
Covariance Components ◽  
Random Signals

Employers and the 1881 Population Census of England and Wales

2015 ◽  
pp. 29-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Bennett ◽  
Gill Newton
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Error ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Firm Size ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Building Industry ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Firm Size Distribution ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Occupational Information ◽  
First Results

This article presents the method and first results of using the 1881 England and Wales Census Enumerators' Books (CEBs) to identify and extract employer records using occupational information. Over 230,000 employers are identified, of which about four fifths employ others. Important sub-groups are also identified of the own account selfemployed, company proprietors, directors and partnerships. The article demonstrates the feasibility of the method and uses the example of the building industry to illustrate firm-size distribution at parish level across England and Wales. The paper indicates the applicability of the extraction method to other censuses, which is now possible using the recently released I-CeM database. The paper also demonstrates some difficulties in the database for 1881, including data keying and coding errors, ranging from 0.5 to 5.5 per cent of entries for larger businesses. Gender miscoding appears to be a systematic error of about 0.7 per 1,000 people. The analysis suggests that where small or atypical sample groups are involved, users of the census database should make detailed checks with manuscript CEBs.

Normalization of the radiation pyrometer errors

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Kayander
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Pyrometer

scholarly journals On the measurement of the ratio of the specific heats using small volumes of gas.—The ratios of the specific heat of air and of hydrogen at atmospheric pressure and a temperatures between 20°C. and —183°C

1925 ◽  
Vol 107 (743) ◽  
pp. 510-543 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Error ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Expansion Chamber ◽  
Small Vessels ◽  
Specific Heats ◽  
Large Expansion ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The One ◽  
Chamber Capacity

Introduction .—In nearly all the previous determinations of the ratio of the specific heats of gases, from measurements of the pressures and temperature before and after an adiabatic expansion, large expansion chambers of fror 50 to 130 litres capacity have been used. Professor Callendar first suggests the use of smaller vessels, and in 1914, Mercer (‘Proc. Phys. Soc.,’ vol. 26 p. 155) made some measurements with several gases, but at room temperature only, using volumes of about 300 and 2000 c. c. respectively. He obtained values which indicated that small vessels could be used, and that, with proper corrections, a considerable degree of accuracy might be obtained. The one other experimenter who has used a small expansion chamber, capacity about 1 litre, is M. C. Shields (‘Phys. Rev.,’ 1917), who measured this ratio for air and for hydrogen at room temperature, about 18° C., and its value for hydroger at — 190° C. The chief advantage gained by the use of large expansion chambers is that no correction, or at the most, a very small one, has to be made for any systematic error due to the size of the containing vessels, but it is clear that, in the determinations of the ratio of the specific heats of gases at low temperatures, the use of small vessels becomes a practical necessity in order that uniform and steady temperature conditions may be obtained. Owing, however, to the presence of a systematic error depending upon the dimensions of the expansion chamber, the magnitude of which had not been definitely settled by experiment, the following work was undertaken with the object of investigating the method more fully, especially with regard to it? applicability to the determination of this ratio at low temperatures.

Solid Parahydrogen Thickness Revisited

2019 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1403-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario E. Fajardo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Error ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Ir Absorption ◽  
Spectroscopy Data ◽  
Previous Approach ◽  
Polarization Effects ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Absorption Measurements

We report updated infrared (IR) absorption measurements on vapor-deposited cryogenic parahydrogen (pH2) solids that indicate a ≈10% systematic error in our previous approach for determining a pH2 solid's thickness (S. Tam and M.E. Fajardo. Appl. Spectrosc. 2001. 55(12): 1634-1644). We provide corrected values for the integrated absorption intensities of the Q1(0)+S0(0) and S1(0)+S0(0) bands calculated over the 4495–4520 cm−1 and 4825–4855 cm−1 regions, respectively. New polarized IR absorption spectroscopy data demonstrate the insensitivity to polarization effects of the peak intensity of the QR(0) phonon sideband near 4228 cm−1. This feature provides an even quicker way for determining the thickness of a pH2 solid than via the integrated absorptions.

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