New form of correlational dependence of change in lipophilicity in homologous series of organic compounds

1991 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-335
Author(s):  
N. V. Golovnya ◽  
D. N. Grigor'eva ◽  
L. A. Semina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Homologous Series ◽  
New Form ◽  
Correlational Dependence

scholarly journals Microbial Electrosynthesis: Feeding Microbes Electricity To Convert Carbon Dioxide and Water to Multicarbon Extracellular Organic Compounds

mBio ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly P. Nevin ◽  
Trevor L. Woodard ◽  
Ashley E. Franks ◽  
Zarath M. Summers ◽  
Derek R. Lovley
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Graphite Electrode ◽  
Chemical Bonds ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organic Products ◽  
Microbial Carbon ◽  
New Form ◽  
Sporomusa Ovata

ABSTRACT The possibility of providing the acetogenic microorganism Sporomusa ovata with electrons delivered directly to the cells with a graphite electrode for the reduction of carbon dioxide to organic compounds was investigated. Biofilms of S. ovata growing on graphite cathode surfaces consumed electrons with the reduction of carbon dioxide to acetate and small amounts of 2-oxobutyrate. Electrons appearing in these products accounted for over 85% of the electrons consumed. These results demonstrate that microbial production of multicarbon organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water with electricity as the energy source is feasible. IMPORTANCE Reducing carbon dioxide to multicarbon organic chemicals and fuels with electricity has been identified as an attractive strategy to convert solar energy that is harvested intermittently with photovoltaic technology and store it as covalent chemical bonds. The organic compounds produced can then be distributed via existing infrastructure. Nonbiological electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide has proven problematic. The results presented here suggest that microbiological catalysts may be a robust alternative, and when coupled with photovoltaics, current-driven microbial carbon dioxide reduction represents a new form of photosynthesis that might convert solar energy to organic products more effectively than traditional biomass-based strategies.

scholarly journals Precambrian organic compounds from the Ketilidian of South-West Greenland. Part III

1970 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
K.R Pedersen ◽  
J Lam
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Homologous Series ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Graphite Layer ◽  
Straight Chain ◽  
Normal Alkanes ◽  
Cyclic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Alkyl Benzenes

Ketilidian sedimentary rocks nearly 2000 m.y. old and only slightly metamorphosed have been shown to contain fossils and organic compounds. Results of work on organic material from a 1-3 m thick coal-graphite layer from the Foselv Formation in the Sortis Group in Grænseland are presented. Aliphatic (straight chain, branched and cyclic) hydrocarbons are dominant in the extract from two coal-graphite samples weighing about 4 kg and 10 kg respectively. Further investigations of these compounds have revealed many saturated straight-chain hydrocarbons, with the n-C15 alkane, the most abundant among the normal alkanes, ranging from C12 to about C21, and various isoalkanes and anteisoalkanes. Saturated cyclic hydrocarbons like alkyl cyclohexanes, and homologous series of alkyl benzenes and alkyl naphthalenes are also present. A series of monoterpenoid compounds is present. Six of them are fairly well characterized by their mass spectra. Fatty acids and methyl esters of fatty acids are present, notably a homologous series of straight-chain fatty acids. Branched acids are also present in minor amounts. The organic compounds further indicate that this Precambrian coal-graphite layer is the result of biological activity.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL STIMULATION BY ALCOHOLS IN THE BARNACLE, THE FROG AND PLANARIA

1930 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Cole ◽  
J. B. Allison
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Real Number ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Homologous Series ◽  
Chemical Stimulation ◽  
Concentration Effect ◽  
Alcohol Molecule ◽  
Polar Group ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Geometrical Series

1. The stimulating efficiencies of some normal primary aliphatic alcohols have been determined for the barnacle, the frog, and Planaria, under conditions which do not involve narcosis or simultaneous stimulation by other agents. 2. Concentrations of the successive alcohols necessary to produce a given stimulatory effect vary according to the following geometrical series: 1: a–1: a–2: a–3: a–4: . . . ., where a represents some real number. 3. Within certain limits the relationship between the logarithm of the concentration necessary to produce a given effect and the reciprocal of the reaction time is linear in the frog and in Planaria. 4. The concentration effect may be expressed by an equation which contains one constant characteristic of the alcohol series, and another one characteristic of each member. The ratio of the latter constants for successive alcohols represents a in the above series. 5. The stimulation by alcohols in these animals is considered to be due to energy changes at the receptive surfaces, brought about by a definite orientation of the respective alcohol molecules. Increase in stimulating efficiency as the number of CH2 groups increase must be due to the rôle of the non-polar portion of the alcohol molecule, since the polar group remains practically constant throughout the series. 6. In homologous series of organic compounds it is conceived that stimulating effects will be produced either by the polar group or the non-polar group, according to which one becomes dominant in effect, or to a combination of the two.

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