Effects of secondary gas reactions on heat production rates in high-temperature hexogen decomposition

1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-718
Author(s):  
B. K. Laptenkov ◽  
V. P. Borisov ◽  
Yu. M. Grigor–ev
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Gas Reactions

scholarly journals Aleutian island arc magma production rates and mechanisms

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongliang Bai ◽  
Diya Zhang ◽  
Dongdong Dong ◽  
Shiguo Wu ◽  
Zhenjie Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Island Arc ◽  
Mantle Melting ◽  
Fracture Zones ◽  
Seismic Profiles ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Aleutian Arc ◽  
Slab Dehydration ◽  
Arc Magma

Abstract. The variation in island arc magma production rates and their influencing mechanisms are of great significance since island arc magma is considered a main source of continental crust growth. The island arc magma directly originates from the molten mantle wedge, and the mantle melting is driven by fluids or melts from the subducted slab. Slab dehydration flux mainly depends on the slab thermal structures, and subducted slab melting requires a sufficiently high temperature. For the Aleutian subduction system, the subducted Pacific Plate has diverse thermal structures due to the existing fracture zones, ridges and slab window, so it is an ideal region for arc magma production rate research. However, the previous estimations are based on seismic profiles that only provide magma production rates at specific regions of the Aleutian arc, and these results are controversial. Here, we design a magma production rate estimation method based on gravity inversion constrained by deep seismic profiles. The first overview map of magma production rates along the Aleutian arc strike demonstrates that the magma production rates have the same trend as the slab dips, and the peaks correspond to the subduction of the fracture zones and ridges. The potential mechanisms for these correlations are as follows: (1) Slab water flux at subarc depths increases with increasing slab dip. More fluid flux would induce more mantle melting, and so the arc magma production rates are increased. (2) Water-rich serpentine is formed by hydrothermal alteration on or near the surface of the subducted slab when there are fracture zones. Serpentine decomposition at a depth of 80–120 km releases fluids in addition to the fluids released during normal slab dehydration. Therefore, more fluids induce more mantle melting and correspond a larger magma production rate. (3) The slab located in the Emperor Seamounts has a relatively high temperature and is also weak, so its melting is easier. Similarly, more slab melt means more mantle melt and a higher island arc magma production rate.

Use of in situ neutron diffraction to monitor high-temperature, solid/H2-gas reactions

2009 ◽  
pp. 2556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Tonus ◽  
Mona Bahout ◽  
Paul F. Henry ◽  
Siân E. Dutton ◽  
Thierry Roisnel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Gas Reactions ◽  
In Situ Neutron Diffraction

Study of Methane Production by High Temperature Anaerobic Fermentation of Chicken Manure and Stalks

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-557
Author(s):  
Yongku Li ◽  
Xiaomin Hu ◽  
Lei Feng
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Biogas Slurry ◽  
Production Rates

The changing parameters, as the biogas production rate, the methane production rate, the cumulative biogas amount, the cumulative methane amount, the biogas composition, pH etc. in high temperature anaerobic fermentation of chicken manure and stalks were analyzed by experiments with different mass ratios of chicken manure or livestock manure and stalks with a high C/N ratio. The methane production mechanism of high temperature anaerobic digestion of chicken manure and stalks was discussed in detail. It showed that not only the biogas production rates but also the methane production rates of R1–R7 demonstrated the trend of initial increase and then decrease after 50 d of high temperature anaerobic digestion. Besides, the gas production of R1 with pure chicken manure stopped on the 30th d of the reaction. The gas production of other groups R2–R7 also stopped on the corresponding 34th, 36th, 36th, 37th, 37th, and 37th day, respectively. At the end of the reaction, the cumulative biogas amounts and the cumulative methane amounts of R1–R7 were 411.58 and 269.54, 459.91 and 314.41, 425.32 and 294.11, 401.85 and 272.54, 382.63 and 257.07, 363.04 and 218.16, and 257.15 and 160.10 N ml/(g VS). The biogas slurry pH of R1–R7 all demonstrated a trend of initial decrease and then increase, e. g., pH of R2 reached the minimum of 5.94 on the 5th day. pH values of other groups were between 6.01 and 6.39. After the addition of 4 g of sodium bicarbonate on the 7th day, biogas slurry pH of R1–R7 all increased. pH was maintained between 7.16 and 7.44 until the end of the reaction.

Further studies on the energy and protein metabolism of pigs growing at a high ambient temperature, including measurements with fasting pigs

1974 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Holmes
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Heat Production ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Ambient Temperature ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
Urinary Nitrogen

SUMMARY1. The experiment was designed to compare the protein and energy metabolism of pigs growing at 25°c or 34°C. The pigs were given two levels of feeding while growing between 25 and 75 kg live weight.2. The high temperature was associated with increases in rectal temperature of 1·2 to 20°C. Both pigs on the higher level of feeding at 34°C became lame in their hind legs.3. The high temperature was also associated with increases in heat production and in urinary nitrogen and energy losses for pigs fed at the higher level of feeding only; however fasting heat production was not affected significantly by temperature. The high temperature had no effect on the apparent digestibility of the diet.4. It was calculated from data for pigs at both levels of feeding kept at 25°C, that efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy (ME) above maintenance was 71%, and the maintenance requirement for ME was 100 kcal/kg0·75 day. Energy retention was reduced at 34°C in pigs fed on the higher level of feeding.

Direct calorimetric measurement of heat production rates in flying hornets (Vespa crabro; Hymenoptera)

1999 ◽  
Vol 328 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Schmolz ◽  
Nina Brüders ◽  
Burkhard Schricker ◽  
Ingolf Lamprecht
Keyword(s):  
Heat Production ◽  
Calorimetric Measurement ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Vespa Crabro

High-Temperature Slurry Reactors for Synthesis Gas Reactions. 1. Liquid Thermal Stability

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 4143-4154 ◽  
Author(s):  
George W. Roberts ◽  
Marco A. Márquez ◽  
M. Shawn McCutchen ◽  
Carol A. Haney ◽  
I. Daniel Shin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Synthesis Gas ◽  
Slurry Reactors ◽  
Gas Reactions ◽  
Synthesis Gas Reactions

Efficient ceria nanostructures for enhanced solar fuel production via high-temperature thermochemical redox cycles

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
pp. 9614-9624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Alejandro Vidal ◽  
Alicia Bayon ◽  
Roman Bader ◽  
Jim Hinkley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Solar Fuel ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Syngas Production ◽  
Redox Cycles ◽  
Redox Capacity

The flame-made nanostructured agglomerates achieved ca. 200% higher syngas production rates and the highest redox capacity so far reported for ceria.

Unlocking Surface Constraints for High Temperature Gas Field: Production Network Compositional Variation Analysis for Wet Gas Meter PVT Calibration Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaturrvetan Karpaya ◽  
Sulaiman Sidek ◽  
Dani Angga Ab Ghani ◽  
Hazrina Ab Rahman ◽  
Aivin Yong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Gas Condensate ◽  
Production Network ◽  
Total Field ◽  
Production Rates ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Wet Gas ◽  
Tracer Dilution ◽  
Gas Ratio ◽  
Field Production

Abstract Installation of Wet Gas Metering System (WGMS) on a platform for the purposes of real-time measurement of liquid and gas production rates as well as performance monitoring as part of reservoir and production optimization management are quite common nowadays in Malaysia. Nonetheless, understanding of wells production deliverability invariably measured using these Wet Gas Meter (WGM) which provides the notion of production rates contributed by the wells are paramount important, eventually the produced fluids will be processed by various surface equipment at the central processing platform before being transport to onshore facilities. However, the traditional WGM are known to operate within ±10% accuracy, whereby the confidence level on measurement of the produced fluids can be improved either by updating with accurate PVT flash table or combination of results from performing tracer dilution technique for data verification. Sarawak Gas Field contains a number of gas fields offshore East Malaysia, predominantly are carbonate type formation, where one (1) of the field operated by PETRONAS Carigali Sdn.Bhd.(PCSB) is a high temperature accumulation at which temperature at the Gas Water Contact (GWC) approximately 185°C and full wellstream Flowing Tubing Head Temperature (FTHT) records at 157°C. Cumulative field production of five (5) wells readings from WGM had shown 9.1% differences as compared to the export meter gas readings. As part of a strategy to provide maximum operational flexibility, improvement on accuracy of the WGM is required given that the wells have higher Technical Potential (TP) but are limited by threshold of the multi-stage surface processing capacity. This also impacts commerciality of the field to regaining the cost of capital investment and generate additional revenue especially when there is a surge in network gas demand, as the field unable to swiftly ramp-up its production to fulfill higher gas demand considering the reported production figures from cumulative WGM surpassing the surface equipment Safe Operating Envelope (SOE). Our approach begins with mass balance check at the WGMS and export meter including the fuel, flare and Produced Water Discharge (PWD) to check mass conservation by phases because regardless different type of phases change occurs at topside the total mass should be conserved (i.e. for total phases of gas, condensate and water) provided that precise measurement by the metering equipment. Tracer dilution measurement of gas, condensate and water flowrates were used to verify the latest calibrated Water Gas Ratio (WGR) and Condensate Gas Ratio (CGR) readings input into the WGM. Consequently, PVT separator samples were also taken via mini-separator for compositional analysis (both gas and condensate) and for mathematical recombination at the multi-rates CGR readings to generate a representative PVT compositional table. Simultaneously, process model simulation run was conducted using full wellstream PVT input to validate total field production at the export point. This paper presents practical approach to balance the account, to ensure the SOE at topside as well as to improve the PVT composition at the WGM for high temperature field that emphasizes on understanding of compositional variations across production network causing significant differences in total field production between WGM and the allocation meter.

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