Means of reducing the cost price of ceramic building materials

1958 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 520-525
Author(s):  
B. M. Gartsman
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Cost Price ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
The Cost

Determination of the minimum number of technological bases of a part

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-75
Author(s):  
B.M. Bazrov ◽  
T.M. Gaynutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Price ◽  
Labor Input ◽  
Part Surface ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
Size Accuracy ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Input Cost ◽  
Selection Of

The selection of technological bases is considered before the choice of the type of billet and the development of the route of the technological process. A technique is proposed for selecting the minimum number of sets of technological bases according to the criterion of equality in the cost price of manufacturing the part according to the principle of unity and combination of bases at this stage. Keywords: part, surface, coordinating size, accuracy, design and technological base, labor input, cost price. [email protected]

scholarly journals Effects of Increase in the Cost of Building Materials on the Delivery of Affordable Housing in South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1772
Author(s):  
Bimpe Alabi ◽  
Julius Fapohunda
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Cost Increase ◽  
Sequential Mixed Methods ◽  
Adequate Provision ◽  
The Cost

Adequate provision of affordable human settlements is a huge challenge in South Africa since its independence. This paper investigates the effects of the cost increase of building materials on affordable housing delivery in South Africa. With potential solutions for cost minimisation of building materials, with the aim of achieving affordable housing delivery in South Africa are provided. This study uses a sequential mixed methods approach, wherein surveys were conducted among the construction professionals (project managers, site managers architects, site engineers, quantity surveyors, contractors, building materials suppliers, and government workers) in the construction industry within Cape Town, South Africa, who were considered as the research participants. The qualitative data obtained from the survey exercise were analysed using content analysis, while the quantitative data were analysed using a descriptive statistical technique on SPSS. The findings attained show fluctuation in construction cost and a rise in maintenance cost (caused by poor workmanship) as significant effects in the cost increase of building materials for affordable housing delivery. Adequate application of the recommendations given in this study will minimise the effects of high cost of building materials and enhance affordable housing delivery. Appropriate handling of the findings given in this study will reduce the effects of the high cost of building materials and augment timely delivery of affordable housing and stakeholders’ satisfaction.

An improved method of calculating the cost price of the product

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-194
Author(s):  
N. D. Novikova ◽  
E. N. Arnoldova ◽  
N. P. Bogatova ◽  
Z. V. Bobrova
Keyword(s):  
Cost Price ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals USE OF ZEOLITE IS ACTIVATED AS SUBSTITUTION OF CEMENT FOR PRICE AND COST

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Nurfiki Alwi ◽  
Arif Rahman Setiaji ◽  
Abdurrohim Kurnia Agung ◽  
Abdul Halim
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Residential Community ◽  
High Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cement Compounds

The number of economic needs is one of the fundamental aspects to support the survival of every individual in an area.  If seen in general, the cost of building the building and residential community still use building materials and installation costs are relatively higher.  With the advancement of technology has found a lightweight brick that has better strength, lighter, faster installation and environmentally friendly, so many people began to switch to using lightweight bricks.  For now the price of lightweight brick is still expensive, but this deficiency is covered with the speed of mounting and light weight so overall lightweight brick usage on certain patterns is very profitable.  The use of cement on lightweight bricks leads to high production costs.  With the above problems we have a breakthrough to replace the cement by using zeozolites containing silica compounds that resemble one of the cement compounds.  In this research, cement replacement with Zeolite is 20%, 40% and 60%.  Before use Zeolite was first activated using Fly Ash ratio of 65% Zeolite: 35% Fly Ash and 50% Zeolite: 50% Fly Ash, also activated using Ca (OH) 2 ratio 65% Zeolite: 35% Ca (OH) 2  And 50% Zeolite: 50% Ca (OH) 2.  Thus, there are 15 compositions including the control composition, each composition will be made up of 10 specimens.  Hypothesis testing using two way anova, tested is the effect of cement change treatment with Zeolite and comparison of Zeolite composition with Fly Ash and Ca (OH) 2 to compressive strength, absorption and cost. Keywords: Zeolite, Cement, compressive strength, Cost

Environmental and Social Issues in Jordanian Low-Income Housing Design

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 111-120
Author(s):  
Ahmed Abu Al Haija
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Housing Design ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Residential Quarters ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Low Income Housing

The relationship between people, environmental circumstances and the cost of projects in Jordan are focal points of this study, where the problem of low-income housing needs is still increasing, having tripled in the last two decades. The shortage of public housing production and the cost of lands and building materials, mainly controlled by private sector investors, are substantial reasons for the housing crisis in a country of poor economic recourses and high percentage of poverty. The Jordanian government decided to aid the poorest class of the population, offering free of charge shelters organized in small residential quarters, which became a prototype diffused throughout all the Jordanian regions. This paper analyzes one of these typical quarters, collecting data through face-to-face interviews with the households using a structured questionnaire. The study focuses on the physical components of the quarter, looking at open spaces, paths, streets, volumes, materials, colors in relation with the environmental context. It also investigates the households' requirements, relationships and preferences. The study discusses also the housing problems at the macro scale level in order to concretely evaluate the shelters' cost, setting some guidelines with respect to the cultural and environmental local conditions.

Study on the price of water rights trading between agriculture and industry based on emergy theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 2044-2053
Author(s):  
Wenge Zhang ◽  
Li Tan ◽  
Huijuan Yin ◽  
Xinwei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Water Rights ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Cost Price ◽  
Pricing Model ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Emergy Theory ◽  
The Cost

Abstract A water rights trading scheme in China is currently in its initial stage of development, but is without a complete pricing mechanism. This paper proposes a pricing model for transfers of water rights from agriculture to industry in water-deficient areas of China. Both the cost price and the earnings price are considered and incorporated into the model. The cost price includes construction costs, operation and maintenance costs, renewal and reconstruction costs, and economic compensation for ecological damage. The earnings price is calculated according to a reasonable return coefficient and the difference in economic value of the water resources to the buyer and seller. The value of water resources was estimated based on emergy theory in accordance with the principle of mutual benefits equilibrium. This pricing model is then applied to the transfer of surplus water rights arising from agricultural water conservation schemes to industrial uses in the Southbank Ordos Irrigation Zone of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The results indicate that this pricing model could provide technical support to the scientific and reasonable pricing of water rights transactions in water-deficient areas and that it could play an active role in promoting the healthy development of future water markets.

scholarly journals The economic and technological efciency of building producton in view of contemporary industrial building materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 04074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantin Tsapko
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Methodological Problem ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Risk And Uncertainty ◽  
Production Economic ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Selection Of

Efficiency of construction production, economic category, expressing the achievement of construction and installation organizations the greatest result of production while minimizing the cost of material and labor resources. This publication examines the possibility of improving the efficiency of construction production through the use of innovative building materials and methods of their application. The methodological problem of the use of building materials, their choice depending on the long-term economic prospects. The questions of risk and uncertainty in the selection of effective building materials are considered.

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