Determination of the viscometric constants for chitosan and the application of universal calibration procedure in its gel permeation chromatography

1993 ◽  
Vol 271 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Yomota ◽  
T. Miyazaki ◽  
S. Okada
Keyword(s):  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
Universal Calibration

Determination of the Mark-Houwink constants by gel permeation chromatography with correction for longitudinal spreading

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1636-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Kubín
Keyword(s):  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
Calibration Dependence ◽  
Polydisperse Polymer ◽  
Universal Calibration

The determination of the Mark-Houwink constants using gel permeation chromatography data, based on a known universal calibration dependence and the recorded chromatograms of one or several characterized polydisperse polymer samples, has been modifies by including correction factors for the longitudinal spreading. Verification by means of artificial, computer generated chromatograms shows that the new procedure considerably raises the accuracy and reliability of the results obtained.

Functionality Distribution of Hydroxyl-Terminated Polybutadienes by Gel Permeation Chromatography. I. Method and Calibration Procedure

1976 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1238-1249
Author(s):  
J. N. Anderson ◽  
S. K. Baczek ◽  
H. E. Adams ◽  
L. E. Vescelius
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Calibration Procedure ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Molecular Weight Distributions ◽  
Fractionation Procedure ◽  
Gel Permeation

Abstract In recent years, considerable attention has been focused on the structural characterization of functionally terminated hydrocarbon prepolymers used in propellant binders and other applications. The molecular weight averages and molecular weight distributions of hydroxyl-and carboxyl-terminated poly butadienes have been determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The functionality distribution of these prepolymers has also been previously studied by column fractionation and a procedure combining GPC and column fractionation of the polymer by stepwise elution from silica gel. The carboxyl or hydroxyl equivalent weights of the fractions were determined by infrared or near-infrared spectroscopy. The fractionation procedure is quite laborious, and multiple peaks were observed in the elution profile, making it difficult to decide how the fractions were to be grouped for subsequent analysis. Previously, a technique for determining the distribution of unsaturation in copolymers containing a small number of double bonds as a function of GPC elution volume was developed. The technique utilized a GPC equipped with uv photometer and differential refractometer detectors to determine the ratio of the weight fraction of olefinic bonds to the weight fraction of polymer by GPC analysis of the polymer after derivatization of the double bonds with 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfenyl chloride. It was suggested that the technique should be applicable for the determination of the distribution of other functional groups with the choice of suitable reagents for derivatization. The purpose of this investigation was to attempt to extend our previous study to simultaneously determine the molecular weight averages, molecular weight distribution, hydroxyl equivalent weight, functionality averages, and functionality distribution of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadienes by a GPC technique.

scholarly journals Molar mass determination of lignins and characterization of their polymeric structures by multi-detector gel permeation chromatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evamaria C. Gaugler ◽  
Wolfgang Radke ◽  
Andrew P. Vogt ◽  
Dawn A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Molar Mass ◽  
Lithium Bromide ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Mass Determination ◽  
Organosolv Lignin ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
Softwood Kraft Lignin ◽  
Polymeric Structures

AbstractMolar masses, Mark-Houwink-Sakurada (MHS) exponents, and refractive index increments (dn/dc) for three lignins were determined without derivatization by multi-detector gel permeation chromatography (GPC) in dimethylformamide (DMF) with 0.05 M lithium bromide (LiBr). The lack of effectiveness of fluorescence filters on molar mass determination by GPC-multi-angle laser light scattering (MALS) was confirmed for softwood kraft lignin (Indulin AT) and revealed for mixed hardwood organosolv lignin (Alcell) as well as soda straw/grass lignin (Protobind 1000). GPC with viscometry detection confirmed that these lignins were present as compact molecules. The MHS exponent α for Indulin AT and Alcell was in the order of 0.1. Additionally, the intrinsic viscosity of Protobind 1000 for a given molar mass was much lower than that of either Alcell or Indulin AT. This is the first report of dn/dc values for these three lignins in DMF with 0.05 M LiBr.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document