The effect of the second-phase volume fraction on the grain size stability and flow stress during superplastic flow of binary alloys

1982 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 3074-3076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Suery
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Flow Stress ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Binary Alloys ◽  
Superplastic Flow ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Size Stability ◽  
Grain Size Stability

The Influence of the Ferrite and Pearlite Grain Size on the S-N Fatigue Characteristics of Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kamiński ◽  
Marcel Szymaniec ◽  
Tadeusz Łagoda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Similar Chemical ◽  
Fatigue Characteristics ◽  
Ferrite Grain Size

In this work an investigation of internal structure influence on mechanical and fatigue properties of ferritic-pearlitic steels is shown. Ferrite grain size and phase volume fraction of three grades of structural steel with similar chemical composition, but different mechanical properties, were examined. Afterwards, samples of the materials were subjected to cyclic bending tests. The results and conclusions are presented in this paper

Microstructure-Property Relationships of Two Ti2AlNb-based Intermetallic Alloys: Ti-15Al-33Nb(at.%) and Ti-21Al-29Nb(at.%)

2004 ◽  
Vol 842 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Cowen ◽  
Dingqiang Li ◽  
Carl J. Boehlert
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Ductile Failure ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Creep Stress ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Elongation To Failure

ABSTRACTTwo Ti2AlNb intermetallic orthorhombic (O) alloys, Ti-15Al-33Nb and Ti-21Al-29Nb(at.%), were subtransus processed into sheets, using pancake forging and hot-pack rolling, and evaluated in tension (25 and 650°C) and creep (650–710°C) and the properties and deformation behavior were related to microstructure. Some of the microstructural features evaluated were grain boundary character, grain size, phase volume fraction, and morphology. The alloy Al content was important to strength and elongation-to-failure (εf), where higher Al contents lead to greater tensile strengths and lower εf values and a corresponding brittle fracture response. However, the room temperature (RT) strengths of Ti-15Al-33Nb, which exhibited greater BCC phase volume fractions than Ti-21Al-29Nb and ductile failure (εf >2%), were always greater than 775 MPa. The creep stress exponents (n) and activation energies (Qapp) suggested that a transition in the dominant creep deformation mechanism exists and is dependent on stress and microstructure. Supertransus heat treatment, which increased the prior-BCC grain size and resulted in a lath-type O+BCC microstructure, resulted in reduced creep strains and strain rates. In fact, the supertransus heat-treated Ti-15Al-33Nb microstructures exhibited greater creep resistance than subtransus heat-treated Ti-21Al-29Nb microstructures. Combining the creep observations with the tensile response, the supertransus heat treated Ti-15Al-33Nb lath O+BCC microstructures exhibited the most attractive combination of tensile strength, εf values, and creep resistance.

Microstructure Alteration in the High-Speed Machining of Titanium Alloy Involved With Tool Wear and Cryogenic Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Xueping Zhang ◽  
Rajiv Shivpuri
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
High Speed Machining ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction

Abstract The microstructure alteration generated in the high-speed machining of titanium alloy has significant influence on the performance, quality and service life of production. The prediction of grain size or phase distribution based on physics mechanism or the regression of experimental data have been reported in the process of static or quasi-static state. However, it is still a challenge to predict the phase transformation and grain growth process in machining accurately and effectively since it has characteristics of high strain, strain rate and temperature. In this paper, a novel FEM-based model involving with the microstructure alteration was introduced and implemented to predict finial grain size or phase result in the high-speed machining of Ti-6Al-4V alloys especially at the machined surface. The phase transformation process was proposed and discussed by considering tool wear and cryogenic condition at machined surface, while the microstructure results were displayed on the chip in the previous works. Firstly, the phase volume fraction and grain size were modelled by experimental data. Then the simulation based on the self-consistent method (SCM) was used to output strain and temperature distribution. Thirdly, the phase volume fraction and grain size expressions were transmitted into subroutine programs and the microstructure alteration process under the different cutting conditions were showed in the FE results. The simulation results of temperature, phase fraction and strain were compared against previous simulation or experiment results in published papers revealing good agreement. The proposed model was further to investigate the influence of tool wear and cutting temperature on machined surface. The results indicated that the tool wear increased heat at the flank face significantly resulting to β phase increasing and grain growth at machined surface and the cryogenic condition would lower temperature gradient as well as stress gradient contributing to reduce roughness and residual stress.

scholarly journals Estimating the phase volume fraction of multi-phase steel via unsupervised deep learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Wook Kim ◽  
Seong-Hoon Kang ◽  
Se-Jong Kim ◽  
Seungchul Lee
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Phase Fraction ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Generative Adversarial Network ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Multi Phase

AbstractAdvanced high strength steel (AHSS) is a steel of multi-phase microstructure that is processed under several conditions to meet the current high-performance requirements from the industry. Deep neural network (DNN) has emerged as a promising tool in materials science for the task of estimating the phase volume fraction of these steels. Despite its advantages, one of its major drawbacks is its requirement of a sufficient amount of training data with correct labels to the network. This often comes as a challenge in many areas where obtaining data and labeling it is extremely labor-intensive. To overcome this challenge, an unsupervised way of learning DNN, which does not require any manual labeling, is proposed. Information maximizing generative adversarial network (InfoGAN) is used to learn the underlying probability distribution of each phase and generate realistic sample points with class labels. Then, the generated data is used for training an MLP classifier, which in turn predicts the labels for the original dataset. The result shows a mean relative error of 4.53% at most, while it can be as low as 0.73%, which implies the estimated phase fraction closely matches the true phase fraction. This presents the high feasibility of using the proposed methodology for fast and precise estimation of phase volume fraction in both industry and academia.

Effect of Solution Treatment Temperature on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-5.1Zn-2Mg-0.1Ti (wt. %) Produced by Squeeze Casting

2018 ◽  
Vol 939 ◽  
pp. 38-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Risly Wijanarko ◽  
Irene Angela ◽  
Bondan Tiara Sofyan
Keyword(s):  
Squeeze Casting ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Ageing Process ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Solution Treatment Temperature ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Ti Addition

Al 7xxx alloy is a heat treatable Al alloy with superior strength. Solution treatment in precipitation hardening sequence of the alloy has an important role to dissolve second phases and bring vacancies out to form precipitates in the ageing process. Another strengthening can be done by Ti addition as grain refiner. As cast alloy by squeeze casting was homogenized at 400 °C for 4 h. Solution treatment was conducted at 220, 420, and 490 °C, followed by rapid quenching. Subsequent ageing was conducted at 130 °C for 48 h. Characterization was performed by optical microscope, SEM-EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy – Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy), Rockwell hardness testing, XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), and STA (Simultaneous Thermal Analysis). Ti added alloy showed rounder grains, lower hardness, and more reduction in second phase volume fraction along with increasing solution treatment temperature than those in alloys without Ti addition. Otherwise, the alloy final hardness was increasing and higher after the ageing process due to higher second phase dissolution which leads to more precipitates formed.

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