The problem of the maximum volumes and particle horizon in the Friedmann universe model

1989 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Gong (Kung)
Keyword(s):  
Universe Model ◽  
Friedmann Universe ◽  
Particle Horizon

scholarly journals An Exploration of Volume Test V/Vm Under Various Values of Deceleration Parameter qo

1987 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 681-683
Author(s):  
S. M. Gong(Kung) ◽  
H. J. Li ◽  
C. L. Xia
Keyword(s):  
Deceleration Parameter ◽  
Universe Model ◽  
Friedmann Universe

The problem of volume test, V/Vm, in zero pressure and matter dominated Friedmann universe model is explored under various values of deceleration parameter qo. The following conclusions are drawn. (i) For different values of qo, the change of V/Vm is sensitive at small values of z. Since values of V/Vm are very small at small values of z, this change exerts little effect on the average values of V/Vm. (ii) when values of z and zm are fixed for each member of a sample, large values of qo yield larger values of V/Vm, especially in the case of large z. (iii) For qo<1, the method of volume test is reliable. When qo>2, especially qo>3, this method has to be used with caution at large z.

Energy–momentum distributions of Ruban universe in general relativity and teleparallel gravity

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1950011 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Aktaş
Keyword(s):  
General Relativity ◽  
Bianchi Type ◽  
Teleparallel Gravity ◽  
Type I ◽  
Universe Model ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Bianchi Type I ◽  
Momentum Distributions ◽  
Bianchi Type I Universe

In this study, we obtain Einstein, Bergmann–Thomson (BT), Landau–Lifshitz (LL), Møller, Papapetrou (PP) and Tolman energy–momentum (EM) distributions for Ruban universe model in general relativity (GR) and teleparallel gravity (TG). We obtain same results for Einstein, Bergmann–Thomson and Landau–Lifshitz energy–momentum distributions in GR and TG. Also, we get same results for Einstein and Tolman energy–momentum distributions in GR. The Møller energy–momentum results are different in GR and TG. Also, using Ruban universe model, we obtain LRS Bianchi type I solutions and we get zero energy–momentum results for this universe model in GR and TG. These results of LRS Bianchi type I universe model agree with Aygün et al., Taşer et al., Doğru et al., Banerjee–Sen, Tryon and Xulu in different gravitation theories.

scholarly journals Expanding Shell around a Void and Universe Model

1993 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 1193-1201 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Sakai ◽  
K.-i. Maeda ◽  
H. Sato
Keyword(s):  
Universe Model
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