Experimental evaluation of the load-carrying capacity of composites with a circular hole when subjected to combined loading in interlaminar shear and transverse compression

1991 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
V. I. Zhigun
Keyword(s):  
Circular Hole ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Transverse Compression ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

Buckling of Short, Thin-Walled Cylinders Under Combined Loading

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 306-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Goltermann
Keyword(s):  
Yield Stress ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Critical Stress ◽  
Plate Theory ◽  
Yield Condition ◽  
Offshore Structures ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Actual Geometry

Short cylindrical shells are often used in offshore structures. Such cylinders are loaded by axial compression as well as hydrostatical pressure. The load-carrying capacity is for practical purposes determined for each of the two load cases separately. The determination of the load-carrying capacity for a combined loading is then based on a combination of those two load-carrying capacities. This combination differs from code to code and has a significant influence on the load-carrying capacity. This paper presents a rational way of estimating the capacity by using simple, well-known theories. The elastic, critical stress (fe) of a perfect cylinder is estimated according to the classic shell theory for the two load cases, and the respective knock-down factors (α) are calculated according to a code or according to Koiter’s classic stability theory. This leads to an estimate of the ratio between actual stress and the elastic, critical stress (fe·α) of the imperfect cylinder in the two load cases. The membrane stresses and the bending stresses due to the oval imperfection of the cylinder are calculated according to the plate theory, in which the stiffness is reduced corresponding to those ratios. The capacity is defined as the load level at which a point yields according to von Mises’ yield condition. The method is easily applicable for practical purposes and has the advantage that it estimates the capacity at the actual geometry, yield stress, imperfection level and load combination, and thus enables a better estimation. The paper shows that the interaction curves depend severely on the geometry, the level of imperfection, and the size of the yield stress.

An Assessment on the Plastic Capacity of Pipe-in-Pipe Systems Under Damage Progression Effect

2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad Davaripour ◽  
Bruce W.T. Quinton ◽  
Kenton Pike
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Lateral Load ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Plastic Damage ◽  
Damage Progression ◽  
Structural Resistance ◽  
Load Carrying

Abstract In recent years, pipe-in-pipe (PiP) systems have been employed in an increasing number of subsea projects. According to the previous studies, the external pressure required to develop the initial local buckle on the PiP system is significantly higher than the pressure required to propagate the buckle along the system. In this respect, it is reasonable to investigate a novel topic where the propagation of buckle is induced by a lateral interference load instead of external pressure (e.g., diagonal fishing gear impact). On this subject, the recent studies showed the progression of plastic damage along a single-walled pipe, which is induced by a lateral load, could significantly lower the load-carrying capacity of the pipe. The present study investigates this finding for a PiP solution under a two-phase loading condition: in phase 1, the PiP solution is subject to 75 mm perpendicular indentation, and in phase 2, the resulting plastic damage in phase 1 is translated and induced longitudinally along with the PiP system. Furthermore, using finite element analyses, the effect of combined loading (axial and lateral load) on the load-carrying capacity of the PiP specimen is investigated. The test results show that upon the initiation of damage progression, the load-carrying capacity of the PiP specimen (against the lateral indentation) declines by 10%. Also, the numerical results show that the structural resistance of a PiP specimen against a lateral indentation drops significantly when the inner pipe is subject to axial compression.

scholarly journals Analysis of Gear Wheel-shaft Joint Characterized by Comparable Pitch Diameter and Mounting Diameter

10.14311/472 ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ryś ◽  
H. Sanecki ◽  
A. Trojnacki
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Small Difference ◽  
Design Procedure ◽  
Gear Wheel ◽  
Combined Loading ◽  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Load Intensity ◽  
New Generation

This paper presents the design procedure for a gear wheel-shaft direct frictional joint. The small difference between the operating pitch diameter of the gear and the mounting diameter of the frictional joint is the key feature of the connection. The contact surface of the frictional joint must be placed outside the bottom land of the gear, and the geometry of the joint is limited to the specific type of solutions.The strength analysis is based on the relation between the torque and statistical load intensity of the gear transmission. Several dimensionless parameters are introduced to simplify the calculations. Stress-strain verifying analysis with respect to combined loading, the condition of appropriate load-carrying capacity of the frictional joint and the fatigue strength of the shaft are applied to obtain the relations between the dimensions of the joint and other parameters. The final engineering solution may then be suggested. The approach is illustrated by a numerical example.The proposed procedure can be useful in design projects for small, high-powered modern reducers and new-generation geared motors, in particular when manufactured in various series of types.

Influence of Yield Strength Variability over Cross-Section to Steel Beam Load-Carrying Capacity

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kala ◽  
Z. Kala
Keyword(s):  
Yield Strength ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Strength Variability ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel

Authors of article analysed influence of variability of yield strength over cross-section of hot rolled steel member to its load-carrying capacity. In calculation models, the yield strength is usually taken as constant. But yield strength of a steel hot-rolled beam is generally a random quantity. Not only the whole beam but also its parts have slightly different material characteristics. According to the results of more accurate measurements, the statistical characteristics of the material taken from various cross-section points (e.g. from a web and a flange) are, however, more or less different. This variation is described by one dimensional random field. The load-carrying capacity of the beam IPE300 under bending moment at its ends with the lateral buckling influence included is analysed, nondimensional slenderness according to EC3 is λ¯ = 0.6. For this relatively low slender beam the influence of the yield strength on the load-carrying capacity is large. Also the influence of all the other imperfections as accurately as possible, the load-carrying capacity was determined by geometrically and materially nonlinear solution of very accurate FEM model by the ANSYS programme.

Fuzzy Sets Theory in Comparison with Stochastic Methods to Analyse Nonlinear Behaviour of a Steel Member under Compression

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kala
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Stochastic Methods ◽  
Nonlinear Behaviour ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Input Parameters ◽  
Stochastic Solution ◽  
Fuzzy Solution ◽  
Sets Theory

The load-carrying capacity of the member with imperfections under axial compression is analysed in the present paper. The study is divided into two parts: (i) in the first one, the input parameters are considered to be random numbers (with distribution of probability functions obtained from experimental results and/or tolerance standard), while (ii) in the other one, the input parameters are considered to be fuzzy numbers (with membership functions). The load-carrying capacity was calculated by geometrical nonlinear solution of a beam by means of the finite element method. In the case (ii), the membership function was determined by applying the fuzzy sets, whereas in the case (i), the distribution probability function of load-carrying capacity was determined. For (i) stochastic solution, the numerical simulation Monte Carlo method was applied, whereas for (ii) fuzzy solution, the method of the so-called α cuts was applied. The design load-carrying capacity was determined according to the EC3 and EN1990 standards. The results of the fuzzy, stochastic and deterministic analyses are compared in the concluding part of the paper.

Pavement Damage Due to Conventional and New Generation of Wide-Base Super Single Tires

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Al-Qadi ◽  
M. A. Elseifi ◽  
P. J. Yoo ◽  
I. Janajreh
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Inflation Pressure ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Pavement Damage ◽  
New Generation

Abstract The objective of this study was to quantify pavement damage due to a conventional (385/65R22.5) and a new generation of wide-base (445/50R22.5) tires using three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis. The investigated new generation of wide-base tires has wider treads and greater load-carrying capacity than the conventional wide-base tire. In addition, the contact patch is less sensitive to loading and is especially designed to operate at 690kPa inflation pressure at 121km/hr speed for full load of 151kN tandem axle. The developed FE models simulated the tread sizes and applicable contact pressure for each tread and utilized laboratory-measured pavement material properties. In addition, the models were calibrated and properly validated using field-measured stresses and strains. Comparison was established between the two wide-base tire types and the dual-tire assembly. Results indicated that the 445/50R22.5 wide-base tire would cause more fatigue damage, approximately the same rutting damage and less surface-initiated top-down cracking than the conventional dual-tire assembly. On the other hand, the conventional 385/65R22.5 wide-base tire, which was introduced more than two decades ago, caused the most damage.

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