The demonstration of chloride ions in the “chloride cells” of the gills of eels (Anguilla anguilla L.) adapted to sea water

1968 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Petřík
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Chloride Cells

A light microscopic study of the action of sodium orthovanadate on the gills of fresh-water and sea-water eels (Anguilla anguilla L.)

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Kelly ◽  
B. J. S. Pirie ◽  
M. V. Bell ◽  
J. R. Sargent
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Constant Pressure ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Sodium Orthovanadate ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
Gill Filaments

Gills of fresh-water and sea-water eels were perfused at a constant pressure with physiological Ringer containing 10−6 M sodium orthovanadate and examined by light microscopy. The secondary gill filaments were markedly vasoconstricted in both freshwater and sea-water fish although the peripheral blood route around the secondary filaments was unaffected. The central venous space in the primary filament was largely unaffected. Significant constriction of both afferent and efferent arteries on the primary filament occurred. We conclude that orthovanadate vasoconstricts eel gills mainly at the level of the secondary filaments. The study also emphasizes that chloride cells are located on both the primary and secondary filaments of fresh-water gills but solely on the primary filaments of sea-water gills.

Angiotensin II receptors in the gill of sea water- and freshwater-adapted eel

1997 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Marsigliante ◽  
A Muscella ◽  
G P Vinson ◽  
C Storelli
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Chloride Cell ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptors ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Ang Ii

ABSTRACT Immunocytochemistry of paraffin-embedded and cryostat sections of eel (Anguilla anguilla) gill showed that angiotensin II receptors (Ang II-R) were present in chloride cells, uniformly distributed in the cytoplasm and on surface membranes. Computerised image analysis of these preparations showed that gills from sea water (SW)-adapted animals had a significantly (3-fold) higher Ang II-R concentration compared with freshwater (FW)-adapted eel gills. Isoelectric focusing gel electrophoresis revealed two Ang II-R isoforms with pI 6·5 and 6·6 that were differentially modulated by environmental salinity: they were equally abundant in SW while in FW the pI 6·6/pI 6·5 ratio was 1·66. Using catalytic cytochemistry with image analysis, gill chloride cell membrane Na+/K+ATPase activity was shown to increase 4-fold in response to SW adaptation. Additionally, perfusion of gills for 30 min with 0·1, 10 or with 100 nM Ang II provoked a dose-dependent increment in Na+/K+ATPase activity in FW, and a biphasic response in SW gills in which activity was significantly increased at low Ang II concentrations but was reduced to basal values at 100 nM. The data suggest that adaptation to sea water significantly increases Ang II-R concentration in the chloride cell and, together with the effects of Ang II on Na+/K+ATPase activity, suggest a role for this hormone in gill NaCl retention. The different responses of Na+/K+ATPase to Ang II stimulation in FW and SW may be attributed to the presence of two receptor subtypes that are differently modulated by salinity and that have opposing effects on Na+/K+ATPase.

Ultrastructure and distribution dynamics of chloride cells in tilapia larvae in fresh water and sea water

1999 ◽  
Vol 297 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. H. van der Heijden ◽  
J. C. A. van der Meij ◽  
G. Flik ◽  
S. E. Wendelaar Bonga
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Chloride Cells ◽  
Distribution Dynamics

A Micropuncture Study of Kidney Function in the River Lamprey Lampetra Fluviatilis Adapted to Sea Water

1980 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 239-248
Author(s):  
A. G. LOGAN ◽  
R. MORRIS ◽  
J. C. RANKIN
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Water Reabsorption ◽  
Plasma Electrolyte ◽  
River Lamprey ◽  
Micropuncture Study ◽  
Urine Composition ◽  
High Concentrations

Micropuncture techniques have been used to investigate kidney function in lampreys adapted to hyperosmotic media. Plasma electrolyte concentrations were maintained well below corresponding concentrations in the external environment. Urine composition was variable, but generally showed high concentrations of magnesium, sulphate and chloride ions. Lampreys in 50% sea water produced urine which was hypo or iso-osmotic to plasma, whereas those in 100% sea water produced hyperosmotic urine. Urine flow rate in 50% sea water was one tenth of that in fresh water, due to a reduction in filtration rate and an increase in water reabsorption by the kidney. As in fresh water, little if any filtered water was reabsorbed by the proximal segment. Almost 90% of filtered water was reabsorbed by the kidney of 100% sea water lampreys and most of this must have occurred in the distal and collecting segments.

Osmoregulation in the Larva of the Marine Caddis Fly, Philanisus Plebeius (Walk.) (Trichoptera)

1972 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-838
Author(s):  
JOHN P. LEADER
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electrical Potential Difference ◽  
Caddis Fly

1. The larva of Philanisus plebeius is capable of surviving for at least 10 days in external salt concentrations from 90 mM/l sodium chloride (about 15 % sea water) to 900 mM/l sodium chloride (about 150 % sea water). 2. Over this range the osmotic pressure and the sodium and chloride ion concentrations of the haemolymph are strongly regulated. The osmotic pressure of the midgut fluid and rectal fluid is also strongly regulated. 3. The body surface of the larva is highly permeable to water and sodium ions. 4. In sea water the larva is exposed to a large osmotic flow of water outwards across the body surface. This loss is replaced by drinking the medium. 5. The rectal fluid of larvae in sea water, although hyperosmotic to the haemolymph, is hypo-osmotic to the medium, making it necessary to postulate an extra-renal site of salt excretion. 6. Measurements of electrical potential difference across the body wall of the larva suggest that in sea water this tissue actively transports sodium and chloride ions out of the body.

The effects of transecting the IXth and Xth cranial nerves on hydromineral balance in the eel Anguilla anguilla

1976 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-475
Author(s):  
N. Mayer-Gostan ◽  
T. Hirano
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Cranial Nerves ◽  
Anguilla Anguilla ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Excess Loss ◽  
Na Efflux ◽  
Hydromineral Balance

The IXth and the Xth cranial nerves in Anguilla anguilla were transected, and the effects upon ion and water balance were studied in fresh water and sea water, and during transfer from fresh water and vice versa. In fresh water there is a slow demineralization due to an excess loss of Na and Cl ions. During freshwater to seawater transfer the eel survives only for 4–5 days. The fish do not drink and Na efflux does not increase enough to extrude excess ions. In sea water the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves are necessary for the maintenance of the hydromineral balance. Denervation is followed by an increase in plasma ion concentrations. Na fluxes are not modified and increased water loss is not compensated by drinking. The rapid reduction of Na efflux during transfer from sea water to fresh water is not modified by denervation.

Some Factors Regulating Water Intake by the Eel, Anguilla Japonica

1974 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 737-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
TETSUYA HIRANO
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Drinking Behaviour ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Water Ingestion ◽  
Drinking Response ◽  
Freshwater Eel ◽  
Slow Infusion ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. Internal as well as external factors affecting water ingestion in the eel were analysed using oesophagus-cannulated eels. 2. Acute withdrawal of the blood induced an immediate drinking response in the freshwater eel, whereas infusion of a large amount of hypertonic saline interrupted the copious drinking observed in the seawater eel. 3. The freshwater eel responded to slow infusion of hypertonic NaCl solution by constant drinking. 4. Inhibition of drinking was observed in the seawater eel by distension of the stomach or intestine with isotonic mannitol solution. 5. The freshwater eel started drinking immediately after transfer to sea water, and stopped drinking immediately after return to fresh water. 6. Application of various salt solutions revealed that chloride ions are responsible for the induction of drinking in sea water. 7. Stimulation of drinking by chloride ions and inhibition by fresh water may be an anticipatory drinking behaviour, which facilitates adaptation of eels to both sea water and fresh water.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document