Effects of leaf nitrogen availability and leaf position on nitrogen allocation patterns in Vaccinium vitis-idaea and Vaccinium uliginosum

Oecologia ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Chester ◽  
W. C. Oechel
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Allocation ◽  
Leaf Position ◽  
Vaccinium Uliginosum ◽  
Allocation Patterns

Physiological Responses of Amaranthus Cruentus L. to Drought Stress Under Sufficient- and Deficient-Nitrogen Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inês Cechin ◽  
Laura Prado da Silva ◽  
Elisa Teófilo Ferreira ◽  
Sarah Corrêa Barrochelo ◽  
Fernanda Pereira de Souza Rosa de Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Phenolic Contents

Abstract Water and nitrogen availability are environmental factors that can impair plant growth, and when they are combined their effects can be intensified or reduced. The objective of this study was to analyse the influence of nitrogen availability on the responses of Amaranthus cruentus’s metabolisms to water stress. The plants were cultivated in plastic pots filled with vermiculite and kept under greenhouse conditions and were watered with 70% of full strength nitrogen-free Long Ashton solution, containing 1.97 or 9.88 kg N ha−1 as ammonium nitrate, three times a week. Photosynthetic parameter were evaluated in planta and leaves were harvested for chemical analysis of proline and phenolic contents. Higher nitrogen supply increased the shoot dry matter, photosynthetic pigments, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, total leaf nitrogen, proline, nitrate and ammonium but reduced the concentration of flavonoids and total phenols. Water stress for 6 days did not affect dry matter, photosynthetic pigments, leaf nitrogen, ammonium or specialized metabolites but increased the proline and affected negatively the other variables. The observed interactions between nitrogen and water supply resulted in no alleviation of the negative effects of drought on amaranth. Although the increase in nitrogen supply had benefits on plant performance, it intensified the negative effect of water stress. The study shows the importance of choosing the correct level of nitrogen fertilization in order to obtain satisfactory results in terms of plant growth under drought conditions.

The accumulation of terpenoid oils does not incur a growth cost in Eucalyptus polybractea seedlings

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew J. King ◽  
Roslyn M. Gleadow ◽  
Ian E. Woodrow
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Primary Metabolism ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The deployment of secondary metabolites, such as terpenes, as anti-herbivore defences is thought to be costly for plants in terms of primary metabolism. Moreover, it is assumed that the cost of this deployment is modified by resource availability. In this study we examined the impact of terpenoid oil accumulation on the growth of Eucalyptus polybractea R.T.Baker seedlings from four maternal half-sib families, under conditions of sufficient and limiting nitrogen. The foliar oil concentration measured was extremely variable, varying almost 20-fold to a maximum of 13% (w / DW). Oil concentration was higher in plants grown under high nitrogen than in low-nitrogen plants, and it was positively correlated with foliar nitrogen concentration. Oil concentration was related to maternal concentration, although this relationship was weak because of the variation encountered. The composition of oil, dominated by monoterpenes, was also extremely variable, although this variation could not be adequately explained by either nitrogen availability or the seedling parentage. Importantly, we detected no negative correlations between oil concentration and relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), or leaf nitrogen productivity (LNP). Rather, under nitrogen limiting conditions, positive correlations were detected between oil concentration and all three indices. We conclude that oil accumulation is associated with factors that promote growth and if there is a cost to oil deployment, it could not be detected using the experimental design employed here.

Responses of black spruce seedlings to simulated present versus future seedbed environments

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Ming Wang ◽  
Martin J. Lechowicz ◽  
Catherine Potvin
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Allocation ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Seedling Performance ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
The Future ◽  
Allocation Patterns

We investigated the effects of nitrogen availability and present versus future atmospheric environments (i.e., climate) on the seedling performance of 16 open-pollinated maternal families of Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P. over two simulated growing seasons. Diurnal and seasonal patterns of temperature, relative humidity, photoperiod, and light intensity were simulated. The simulated future climate included both elevated CO2 and seasonally appropriate increases in mean monthly temperatures. Compared with the present, the future climate increased seedling survival, total and root dry mass, rate of winter bud development, net photosynthetic rate, and water and nitrogen use efficiencies; decreased needle nitrogen content; and altered biomass allocation patterns. Greater nitrogen availability greatly improved seedling performance and changed biomass allocation patterns. Climate and nitrogen level interacted synergistically to promote seedling growth (branch number and root dry mass), survival, and bud development. The future climate increased seedling survival, rate of bud development, and nitrogen use efficiency much more in the low than in the high nitrogen regime. Seedling performance in the second season was dependent on initial seed mass, but less than in the 1st year. Some of the differences among the families and in their interactions with the climate and (or) nitrogen fertilization suggest that families selected for rapid growth under present conditions may not do well in the future, at least in terms of early establishment. Forest managers and tree breeders should take this possibility into consideration in their tree improvement and reforestation programs.

Soil plant nitrogen relations of tobacco at Mareeba, north Queensland

1965 ◽  
Vol 5 (17) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
PJ Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Accumulation ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Red Earth ◽  
Nitrogen Relations

Nitrogen changes were studied in a red earth on which tobacco grew with very small additions of nitrogen fertilizer. Soil nitrate accumulation in the dry season before transplanting, and mineralization during the tobacco season, provided most of the plant's nitrogen requirements. Plant nitrogen uptake continued longer than in other countries, and the total amount was greater, particularly in stems and suckers. Though the plants gained nitrogen during the harvest period, leaf nitrogen concentration decreased. This resulted from translocation from lower leaves and growth of upper leaves. Decrease in leaf nitrogen concentration was essential to quality. The necessary sequence, of sufficient nitrogen for yield, followed by decreasing nitrogen availability for quality, occurs on this soil with small fertilizer additions. There is need for survey work on nitrogen availability and the time sequence of nitrogen uptake by plants on related Mareeba soils.

Cost of seed versus rhizome production in Agropyron repens

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2678-2683 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Reekie
Keyword(s):  
Seed Production ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Vegetative Reproduction ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Production Allocation ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Allocation Patterns ◽  
Agropyron Repens

I examined growth and allocation patterns in genotypes of Agropyron repens isolated from six habitats that differed in disturbance frequency. The trade-off between seed and rhizome production and between either mode of propagation and growth of leaves, stems, and roots was determined by calculating both within- and among-genotype correlations between functions. I also examined how level of light and nitrogen availability affected these trade-offs. Large differences were found among populations in how resources were divided between infructescences and rhizomes, but there was no evidence of a direct trade-off. Regardless of environment, or level at which correlations were examined, there was never a negative correlation between seed and rhizome production. Depending on level of nitrogen and light availability, there was usually a trade-off between seed or rhizome production and growth of leaves, stems, and roots. The two modes of propagation differed in how they responded to resource availability such that their relative cost varied among environments. I suggest differences among populations in allocation to seed versus rhizome production are due to these differences in cost. When cost of seed production is high relative to rhizome production, allocation to rhizome is favored. Conversely, when cost of rhizome production is high relative to seed production, allocation to infructescences is favored. Key words: vegetative reproduction, sexual reproduction, allocation, disturbance, reproductive cost, resource availability, clonal growth.

Influence of Light Regime and Leaf Nitrogen Concentration on 77k Fluorescence in Leaves of Four Tropical Grasses: No Evidence for Photoinhibition

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 669 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Ludlow ◽  
SP Samarakoon ◽  
JR Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Nitrogen Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentration ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Full Sunlight ◽  
Nitrogen Treatments ◽  
Low Nitrogen

This work was undertaken to determine if the stimulation of growth associated with shading of some tropical C4 grasses growing on soils with low to moderate nitrogen availability is partly due to overcoming photoinhibition (i. e. damage caused by excessive light). Four grasses (green panic, carpet grass, buffalo grass and kikuyu) were grown in full sunlight and at 37% of full sunlight, and given a low or high nitrogen supply. Despite differences of up to twofold in leaf nitrogen and chlorophyll concentration between high and low nitrogen treatments in all four grasses, photoinhibition measured by reduction in chlorophyll fluorescence was less than 3% in leaves of low nitrogen content that developed in full sunlight. Therefore, photoinhibition is not a contributor to the poor growth of nitrogen-limited grasses in full sunlight. A second objective was to determine if low nitrogen content predisposed shade-grown leaves to photoinhibition when they were subsequently exposed to full sunlight. Green panic plants that had been given either high or low nitrogen supply and grown in 37% of full sunlight were transferred to full sunlight and the extent of photoinhibition was followed over 8 days. The amount of photoinhibition that occurred was small (<6%) compared with plants grown at either nitrogen level in full sunlight. Therefore, shade and low nitrogen content separately or in combination did not cause any appreciable photoinhibition in green panic.

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