An analysis of the temperature response curves of CO2 exchange in the leaves of two temperate and one tropical grass species

Planta ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Charles-Edwards ◽  
J. Charles-Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Response ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Tropical Grass

scholarly journals Activation Energy Analysis and Limiting Factors in Photosynthesis

1972 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Gifford ◽  
RB Musgrave
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Photochemical Reactions ◽  
High Light ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Low Co2 ◽  
Rate Limiting

It has been proposed that activation energies of CO2 exchange obtained from Arrhenius plots of the temperature response of leaf CO2 exchange rates (or the equivalent QIO analysis) should elucidate the rate-limiting processes. Chmora and Oya (1967), for example, suggest that a QlO (15-25�0) of about 1 for maize photo-synthesis at low light and low CO2 concentration implies photochemical reactions are limiting, at high light and high CO2 a QIO of 1 �6 implies enzyme reactions are limiting, whilst at high light and low CO2 a QlO of 1� 25 suggests diffusion is limiting. Bjorkman, Nobs, and Hiesey (1969) surmise that for Mimulus sp. at 0�07% CO2 the coincidence of QIO (15-30�0) for both CO2 exchange (at 1'5% oxygen and saturating light) and extracted carboxydismutase (QlO = 2�7-3�3) could reflect a causal relationship. Charles-Edwards and Charles-Edwards (1970) find that for clones of three grass species there is a clustering of the determinations of activation energy around certain values. It is suggested that each such value may be characteristic of a certain rate-limiting process.

Temperature Response of Whole-plant CO2 Exchange Rates of Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora L.)

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 511d-511
Author(s):  
Marc W. van Iersel ◽  
Orville M. Lindstrom
Keyword(s):  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Gross Photosynthesis ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Increasing Temperature

Photosynthesis and respiration temperature-response curves are useful in predicting the ability of plants to perform under different environmental conditions. Whole crop CO2 exchange of two groups of magnolia `Greenback' plants was measured over a 26 °C temperature range. Net photosynthesis (Pnet) increased from 2 to 17% C and decreased again at higher temperatures. The Q10 for Pnet decreased from ≈4 at 6 °C to 0.5 at 24 °C. The decrease in Pnet at temperatures over 17 °C was caused by a rapid increase in dark respiration (Rdark) with increasing temperature. The Q10 for Rdark was estimated by fitting an exponential curve to data, resulting in a temperature-independent Q10 of 2.8. Gross photosynthesis (Pgross), estimated as the sum of Rdark and Pnet, increased over the entire temperature range (up to 25 °C). The Q10 for Pgross decreased with increasing temperature, but remained higher than 1. The data suggest that high respiration rates may be the limiting factor for growth of magnolia exposed to high temperatures, since it may result in a net carbon loss from the plants. At temperatures below 5 °C, both Pnet and Rdark become low and the net CO2 exchange of the plants would be expected to be minimal.

scholarly journals Differences in Leaf Temperature between Lianas and Trees in the Neotropical Canopy

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Antonio Guzmán Q. ◽  
G. Arturo Sánchez-Azofeifa ◽  
Benoit Rivard
Keyword(s):  
Primary Productivity ◽  
Net Primary Productivity ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Leaf Temperature ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Temperature Responses ◽  
Photosynthesis And Respiration

Leaf temperature (Tleaf) influences photosynthesis and respiration. Currently, there is a growing interest on including lianas in productivity models due to their increasing abundance, and their detrimental effects on net primary productivity in tropical environments. Therefore, understanding the differences of Tleaf between lianas and trees is important for future of forest on whole ecosystem productivity. Here we determined the displayed leaf temperature (Td= Tleaf – ambient temperature) of several species of lianas and their host trees during ENSO and non-ENSO years to evaluate if the presence of lianas affects the Td of their host trees, and if leaves of lianas and their host trees exhibit differences in Td. Our results suggest that close to midday, the presence of lianas does not affect the Td of their host trees; however, lianas tend to have higher values of Td than their hosts across seasons, in both ENSO and non-ENSO years. Although lianas and trees tend to have similar physiological-temperature responses, differences in Td could lead to significant differences in rates of photosynthesis and respiration based temperature response curves. Future models should thus consider differences in leaf temperature between these life forms to achieve robust predictions of productivity.

Acclimation of leaf dark respiration to nocturnal and diurnal warming in a semiarid temperate steppe

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 1159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonggang Chi ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
Ruichang Shen ◽  
Shiqiang Wan
Keyword(s):  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Thermal Acclimation ◽  
Nonstructural Carbohydrates ◽  
Temperate Steppe ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Diurnal Warming ◽  
Leaf Dark Respiration

A better understanding of thermal acclimation of leaf dark respiration in response to nocturnal and diurnal warming could help accurately predict the changes in carbon exchange of terrestrial ecosystems under global warming, especially under the asymmetric warming. A field manipulative experiment was established with control, nocturnal warming (1800–0600 hours), diurnal warming (0600–1800 hours), and diel warming (24 h) under naturally fluctuating conditions in a semiarid temperate steppe in northern China in April 2006. Temperature response curves of in situ leaf dark respiration for Stipa krylovii Roshev. were measured at night (Rn) and after 30 min of darkness imposed in the daytime (Rd). Leaf nonstructural carbohydrates were determined before sunrise and at sunset. Results showed that Rn could acclimate to nocturnal warming and diurnal warming, but Rd could not. The decreases in Q10 (temperature sensitivity) of Rn under nocturnal-warming and diurnal warming regimes might be attributed to greater depletion of total nonstructural carbohydrates (TNC). The real-time and intertwined metabolic interactions between chloroplastic and mitochondrial metabolism in the daytime could affect the impacts of warming on metabolite pools and the distinct response of Rn and Rd to warming. Projection on climate change–carbon feedback under climate warming must account for thermal acclimation of leaf dark respiration separately by Rn and Rd.

scholarly journals Temperature response of photosynthesis and its interaction with light intensity in sweet orange leaf discs under non-photorespiratory condition

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro ◽  
Eduardo Caruso Machado ◽  
Ricardo Ferraz de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Light Response ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
O2 Evolution ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Light Response Curves ◽  
Heat Effects

This study aimed to evaluate the response of photosynthesis (A), given by photosynthetic O2 evolution, to increasing temperature from 25 to 50ºC in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck) leaf discs under non-photorespiring conditions. In order to evaluate the response of gross photosynthesis to temperature and the balance between photosynthetic and respiratory activities, respiration (Rd) rates were also measured, i.e. the O2 uptake in each temperature. In addition, light response curves of photosynthesis were performed by varying the photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) from 0 to 1160 µmol m-2 s-1 at 25 and 40ºC. The highest A values were observed at 35 and 40ºC, whereas the highest Rd values were noticed at 50ºC. A higher relationship A/Rd was found at 30 and 35ºC, suggesting an optimum temperature of 35ºC when considering the balance between photosynthesis and respiration under non-photorespiring condition. Overall, heat effects on plant metabolism were more evident when evaluating the relationship A/Rd. In light response curves, higher A values were also found at 40ºC under PPFD higher than 300 µmol m-2 s-1. Light saturation point of photosynthesis was increased at 40ºC, without significant change of quantum efficiency under low PPFD. Respiration was also enhanced at 40ºC, and as a consequence, the light compensation point increased. The better photosynthetic performance at 35-40ºC was supported by higher photochemical efficiency in both light and temperature response curves. The temperature-dependence of photosynthesis was affected by growth temperature, i.e. a high air temperature during plant growth is a probable factor leading to a higher photosynthetic tolerance to heat stress.

Metabolic Responses to Thermal Stressors of Altitude-Acclimated Rats

1958 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 739-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry B. Hale ◽  
Roy B. Mefferd
Keyword(s):  
Urine Volume ◽  
Temperature Response ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Metabolic Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Level Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Functions ◽  
Per Se ◽  
The Difference

Fasting 24-hour exposures of altitude-acclimated rats (380 mm Hg, 18,000 ft. simulated) to ground level pressure (750 mm Hg) at either cold (3°C), neutral (24°C), or hot (35°C) temperatures seldom resulted in return of their metabolic functions to preacclimative ‘normalcy.’ Although the control and altitude-acclimated groups both were accustomed to neutral temperatures (24° and 26°C), quantitative differences at ground level and altitude occurred in various indices of water, mineral and nitrogen metabolism. Of the 32 physiologic variables studied, only 4 (ratio of urine volume/ water intake, and urinary excretion of potassium, creatinine and glycine) failed to differentiate the responses of the altitude- and ground-accustomed rats. The temperature response curves of the altitude group tended to parallel the corresponding ones for the control group, but most variables were on higher or lower planes. The difference in plane resulted either from the effects of the return to ground level pressure, or from nonreversible effects of acclimation to altitude per se.

scholarly journals A Rapid Protocol for Isolating Genomic DNA from Tropical Grass Species Suitable for RAPD, ISSR and STS

CYTOLOGIA ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaresh Chandra ◽  
Raghvendra Saxena
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Tropical Grass

The ecology of Ramalina menziesii. VI. Laboratory responses of net CO2 exchange to moisture, temperature, and light

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Matthes-Sears ◽  
T. H. Nash III ◽  
D. W. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Co2 Exchange ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Central California ◽  
Photosynthetic Rates ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Thallus Water Content

The response of net CO2 exchange to thallus water content, thallus temperature, and photosynthetically active radiation was measured in the laboratory for two morphologically different forms of Ramalina menziesii collected from a coastal and an inland habitat in central California. Equations describing the response curves are fitted to the data and compared statistically for the two sites during two seasons. Significant differences were present for all responses both in summer and winter but were more pronounced for net photosynthesis than for dark respiration. The main differences between the two forms were in the absolute rates of net photosynthesis; a maximum of 6.2 was measured for the inland form but only 3.6 mg∙g−1∙h−1 for the coastal form. Chlorophyll contents were also different between the two forms, indicating that chlorophyll is the likely cause for the difference in net photosynthetic rates. Net photosynthetic rates were higher at low temperatures during winter than during summer, but otherwise seasonal variations in the gas exchange responses were relatively minor. Both forms of the lichen are light saturated at quantum fluxes greater than 200 μE∙m−2∙s−1. Both show an optimum temperature for maximum CO2 exchange at 25 °C, well above the mean operating temperature of R. menziesii in the field.

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