Biological and physical aspects of migration in the estuarine amphipod Gammarus zaddachi

1992 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Hough ◽  
E. Naylor
Keyword(s):  
Gammarus Zaddachi

Sodium Regulation and Adaptation to Fresh Water in Gammarid Crustaceans

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-380
Author(s):  
D. W. SUTCLIFFE
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Outward Diffusion ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
Sodium Regulation

1. Sodium uptake and loss rates are given for three gammarids acclimatized to media ranging from fresh water to undiluted sea water. 2. In Gammarus zaddachi and G. tigrinus the sodium transporting system at the body surface is half-saturated at an external concentration of about 1 mM/l. and fully saturated at about 10 mM/l. sodium. In Marinogammarus finmarchicus the respective concentrations are six to ten times higher. 3. M. finmarchicus is more permeable to water and salts than G. zaddachi and G. tigrinus. Estimated urine flow rates were equivalent to 6.5% body weight/hr./ osmole gradient at 10°C. in M. finmarchicus and 2.8% body weight/hr./osmole gradient in G. zaddachi. The permeability of the body surface to outward diffusion of sodium was four times higher in M. finmarchicus, but sodium losses across the body surface represent at least 50% of the total losses in both M. finmarchicus and G. zaddachi. 4. Calculations suggest that G. zaddachi produces urine slightly hypotonic to the blood when acclimatized to the range 20% down to 2% sea water. In fresh water the urine sodium concentration is reduced to a very low level. 5. The process of adaptation to fresh water in gammarid crustaceans is illustrated with reference to a series of species from marine, brackish and freshwater habitats.

scholarly journals Podocotyle atomon (Trematoda: Digenea) impacts reproductive behaviour, survival and physiology in Gammarus zaddachi (Amphipoda)

2019 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
KL Arundell ◽  
A Dubuffet ◽  
N Wedell ◽  
J Bojko ◽  
MSJ Rogers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Behaviour ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi

scholarly journals The relation of Gammarus zaddachi Sexton to some other species of Gammarus occurring in fresh, estuarine and marine waters

1942 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Sexton
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi ◽  
Estuarine Zone ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Baltic

Gammarus zaddachi is perhaps the most prolific and widespread of all the estuarine amphipods known to occur in northern Europe, and inhabiting, as it does, the low-salinity estuarine zone and adjacent coasts, it has come to be recognized in recent ecological work as a ‘salinity indicator’.Unfortunately, there has been constant confusion with the other common species of Gammarus, G. locusta, pulex, and duebeni, which has been greatly complicated by the difference in the appearance of zaddachi according as it lives in a freshwater or a saline habitat. It is shown that this difference is entirely due to the sensory equipment, the greater production of hairs in freshwater conditions, and that the structure of the two ‘forms’ is identical.The history of the species has been carried back as far as I have been able to trace it (1836) with the actual specimens, described in the different papers, and the more important of these papers are discussed. It will be seen that the material examined was derived from every country of northern Europe; from Russia, the White Sea, Crimea, and the Baltic, the coasts of Scandinavia, Germany, including the Hamburg water-supply, Denmark, the Netherlands, Great Britain and Ireland, and France as far up the Loire as Nantes.Detailed descriptions and figures of both forms of G. zaddachi are given; and finally, a comparison is made between the species most commonly confused with it, the Arctic species G. wilkitzkii being included because of a suggestion recently made that it might be, not a distinct species, but merely the Arctic form of zaddachi.

Response of Two Arctic Amphipods, Gammarus zaddachi and Boeckosimus (Onisimus) affinis, to Variations in Temperature and Salinity

1975 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2564-2568 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Busdosh ◽  
Ronald M. Atlas
Keyword(s):  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Abrupt Changes ◽  
Response To Temperature

Two arctic amphipods were found to be capable of tolerating a wide range of temperatures and salinities. They were tolerant to both abrupt changes, as would occur in crossing a thermocline, and to gradual changes, as would occur seasonally.Gammarus zaddachi could survive lower salinities and higher temperatures than Boeckosimus (Onisimus) affinis. Salinity had a statistically significant effect on rates of respiration for both organisms, but only Gammarus zaddachi showed significant changes in respiration rate in response to temperature changes. The ecological distribution of these amphipods appears to be in part determined by their ability to tolerate fluctuations in salinity and temperature.

scholarly journals Abnormal Eyes in Wild Gammarus zaddachi Sexton

1933 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 297-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Bassindale
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
First Record ◽  
Industrial Research ◽  
Pollution Research ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi

Of 198 specimens of Gammarus zaddachi collected in the Estuaries of the Rivers Earn and Tay four individuals had abnormal eyes. This is the first record of abnormal eyes in wild specimens of a Gammarus species, although Laboratory strains of G. chevreuxi have developed them.The investigation described in this paper was carried out as part of the programme of the Water Pollution Research Board of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, and is published by permission of the Department. My thanks are due to Dr. E. J. Allen and to Mrs. E. W. Sexton for their assistance in preparing the paper.

scholarly journals Sex or food? Effects of starvation, size and diet on sexual cannibalism in the amphipod crustacean Gammarus zaddachi

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Edward Ironside ◽  
Samuel Thomas Dalgleish ◽  
Sean Joseph Kelly ◽  
William Payne
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Cannibalism ◽  
Food Effects ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi ◽  
Amphipod Crustacean

Effects of Cyanobacteria on Survival and Reproduction of the Littoral Crustacean Gammarus zaddachi (Amphipoda)

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 559 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuli Korpinen ◽  
Miina Karjalainen ◽  
Markku Viitasalo
Keyword(s):  
Gammarus Zaddachi ◽  
Survival And Reproduction

Bioaccumulation of trace metals in marine and estuarine amphipods: evaluation and verification of toxicokinetic models

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 1410-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Clason ◽  
G -P Zauke
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Trace Metals ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Uptake Study ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi

The suitability of the marine and estuarine gammaridean amphipods Gammarus locustra (Linneaus 1758), Gammarus zaddachi Sexton (1912), and Gammarus salinus Spooner (1947) from the Island of Heligoland and the Weser and Ems estuaries, northwestern Germany, as biomonitors was tested in a toxicokinetic study with the elements Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Hg. The organisms responded with metal uptake upon exposure, and it was possible to estimate parameters of two-compartment or logistic regression models that were statistically different from zero. In most cases, the toxicokinetic models obtained were successfully verified in a second toxicokinetic uptake study for Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd. Data for Cd were additionally verified with previously reported kinetic parameters. Results for Hg indicate that the organisms tested may not be suitable as biomonitors for this element. The calibration of gammarids as biomonitors was extended in a third toxicokinetic uptake study for Cu and Pb showing a linear increase from the control level to external waterborne metal exposures of 240 µg Cu·L-1 and 60 µg Pb·L-1, while Zn tended to level off above 120 µg·L-1 and Cd above 10 µg·L-1. These figures largely determine the range for which the models may serve as a predictive tool.

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