Kluyveromyces lactis killer system: ORF1 of pGKL2 has no function in immunity expression and is dispensable for killer plasmid replication and maintenance

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 357-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schaffrath ◽  
M. J. R. Stark ◽  
N. Gunge ◽  
F. Meinhardt
Keyword(s):  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Plasmid Replication ◽  
Killer System ◽  
Killer Plasmid

Heterologous gene expression on the linear DNA killer plasmid from Kluyveromyces lactis

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K�mper ◽  
K. Esser ◽  
N. Gunge ◽  
F. Meinhardt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Heterologous Gene Expression ◽  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Heterologous Gene ◽  
Linear Dna ◽  
Killer Plasmid

Unusual relatives of the multisubunit RNA polymerase

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 219-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Rna Polymerase ◽  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Magnesium Binding ◽  
Killer System ◽  
Domains Of Life ◽  
Single Subunit ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractTranscription, the first step of gene expression, is accomplished in all domains of life by the multisubunit RNA polymerase (msRNAP). Accordingly, the msRNAP is an ancient enzyme that is ubiquitous across all cellular organisms. Conserved in absolutely all msRNAPs is the catalytic magnesium-binding aspartate triad and the structural fold it is present on, the double ψ β barrel (DPBB). In-depth bioinformatics has begun to reveal a wealth of unusual proteins distantly related to msRNAP, identified due to their possession of the aspartate triad and DPBB folds. Three examples of these novel RNAPs are YonO of the Bacillus subtilis SPβ prophage, non-virion RNAP (nvRNAP) of the B. subtilis AR9 bacteriophage and ORF6 RNAP of the Kluyveromyces lactis cytoplasmic killer system. While YonO and AR9 nvRNAP are both bacteriophage enzymes, they drastically contrast. YonO is an incredibly minimal single-subunit RNAP, while AR9 nvRNAP is multisubunit bearing much more resemblance to the canonical msRNAP. ORF6 RNAP is an intermediate, given it is a single-subunit enzyme with substantial conservation with the msRNAP. Recent findings have begun to shed light on these polymerases, which have the potential to update our understanding of the mechanisms used for transcription and give new insights into the canonical msRNAP and its evolution. This mini-review serves to introduce and outline our current understanding of these three examples of novel, unusual RNAPs.

Kluyveromyces lactis killer plasmid pGKL2: Molecular analysis of an essential gene, ORF5

Yeast ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 615-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffael Schaffrath ◽  
Peter A. Meacock
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Essential Gene ◽  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Killer Plasmid

scholarly journals Transcription apparatus of the yeast killer DNA plasmids: Architecture, function, and evolutionary origin

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Sýkora ◽  
Martin Pospíšek ◽  
Josef Novák ◽  
Silvia Mrvová ◽  
Libor Krásný ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Evolutionary Origin ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Extrachromosomal Elements ◽  
Mrna Capping ◽  
Capping Enzyme ◽  
Killer Plasmid ◽  
Yeast Killer

ABSTRACTTranscription of extrachromosomal elements such as organelles, viruses, and plasmids is dependent on cellular RNA polymerase (RNAP) or intrinsic RNAP encoded by these elements. The yeastKluyveromyces lactiscontains killer DNA plasmids that bear putative non-canonical RNAP genes. Here, we describe the architecture and evolutionary origin of this transcription machinery. We show that the two RNAP subunits interactin vivo, and this complex interacts with another two plasmid-encoded proteins - the mRNA capping enzyme, and a putative helicase which interacts with plasmid-specific DNA. Further, we identify a promoter element that causes 5’ polyadenylation of plasmid-specific transcriptsviaRNAP slippage during transcription initiation, and structural elements that precede the termination sites. As a result, we present a first model of the yeast killer plasmid transcription initiation and intrinsic termination. Finally, we demonstrate that plasmid RNAP and its promoters display high similarity to poxviral RNAP and promoters of early poxviral genes, respectively.

scholarly journals Pichia acaciae Killer System: Genetic Analysis of Toxin Immunity

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (13) ◽  
pp. 4373-4378 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Paluszynski ◽  
Roland Klassen ◽  
Friedhelm Meinhardt
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Heterologous Expression ◽  
Killer Cells ◽  
Coexpression Analysis ◽  
Killer System ◽  
Killer Plasmid ◽  
Self Protection

ABSTRACT The gene responsible for self-protection in the Pichia acaciae killer plasmid system was identified by heterologous expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Resistance profiling and conditional toxin/immunity coexpression analysis revealed dose-independent protection by pPac1-2 ORF4 and intracellular interference with toxin function, suggesting toxin reinternalization in immune killer cells.

scholarly journals Genome organization of the killer plasmid pGK12 from Kluyveromyces lactis

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (13) ◽  
pp. 5863-5878 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tommasino ◽  
S. Ricci ◽  
C.L. Galeotti
Keyword(s):  
Genome Organization ◽  
Kluyveromyces Lactis ◽  
Killer Plasmid
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