Chromosome size and DNA content of species of anemone L. and related genera (Ranunculaceae)

Chromosoma ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Rothfels ◽  
Elizabeth Sexsmith ◽  
Margaret Heimburger ◽  
Margarida O. Krause
Keyword(s):  
Dna Content ◽  
Chromosome Size

DNA content and chromosome evolution in the shrubby Oxalis

Genome ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel de Azkue ◽  
Arturo Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Numerical Taxonomy ◽  
Chromosome Evolution ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Size And Shape

The amount of DNA varies widely in 20 shrubby Oxalis species analyzed, ranging from 1.76 pg in O. alstonii to 33.00 pg in O. dispar. This wide variation in DNA content coincided with a wide variation in chromosome size and shape. Numerical taxonomy methods showed that this variation in chromosome size and shape in shrubby Oxalis is mainly due to extra DNA. It was also possible to arrange the 20 species examined in six different groups on the basis of karyotypic similarities.Key words: Oxalis, DNA content, chromosome evolution, multivariate analysis.

DNA content in Tradescantia

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 766-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo Martínez ◽  
Héctor D. Ginzo
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Polyploid Complex ◽  
Ploidy Levels ◽  
Vegetative Adaptation ◽  
The Relationship

There is a wide variation in the nuclear DNA content and chromosome size between the species belonging to the T. crassifolia and T. virginiana alliances (all the species but one are native to Central and North America). Also the DNA content per genome decreases when the ploidy level increases within the same specific polyploid complex with three ploidy levels (2x, 4x, and 6x). In contrast, no variation was found in the DNA content per genome between different ploidy levels in the T. fluminensis alliance (all the species are native to South America) where they range from 6x to 22x. Since all the species described here are perennials with various life forms, it was possible to analyze the relationship between the DNA content and their vegetative adaptation to the environment. The more specialized species (geophytes and hemicryptophytes) have a higher amount of DNA than the chamaephytes adapted to live in relatively more mesic regions. In the species living in Central and North America there is a positive correlation between the increase in DNA content and the latitude of their native regions.Key words: Tradescantia, DNA content, geographical distribution, life forms, polyploidy.

scholarly journals Nucleic acid content and Chromosome morphology in Chrysanthemum

1969 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Dowrick ◽  
A. S. El Bayoumi
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Chromosome Number ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chromosome Length ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
Nucleic Acid Content ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Dna Contents ◽  
The Relationship

1. The DNA contents of twenty-eight different species and forms of Chrysanthemum have been measured by photometry. It is shown that there are large differences in DNA content between some species with identical chromosome numbers.2. The DNA contents of natural polyploids are frequently not those expected when comparison is made with diploid forms of the same species. The DNA contents of induced polyploids are those expected.3. Chromosome length and volume are positively correlated with DNA content.4. The relationship between chromosome number, chromosome size, DNA content and gene number is considered, and it is suggested that the differences in DNA content may result from the presence of differing amounts of genetically inactive DNA in the chromosomes.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Chromosome size and DNA Content in Birch (Betula) Species

Caryologia ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Janette Taper ◽  
W. F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Dna Content ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
The Relationship

GENOMES OF THE AUSTRALIAN WILD SPECIES OF COTTON. II. THE DESIGNATION OF A NEW G GENOME FOR GOSSYPIUM BICKII

1979 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Allan Edwards ◽  
M. Anwar Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Dna Content ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Seed Proteins ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Phenetic Analysis ◽  
Genome Species ◽  
Clear Separation ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidases ◽  
C Genome ◽  
Secondary Constrictions

Gossypium bickii Prokh. is distinct from the C genome species, although it was tentatively placed in this genome. A comparison of the karyotypes of G. bickii and G. sturtianum Willis separates G. bickii sharply from G. sturtianum, the standard species for the C genome. Karyotypic differences are evident in centromere position of the chromosomes, chromosome size, and the lack of satellites or secondary constrictions in G. bickii. A clear separation of G. bickii from G. sturtianum and other Gossypium species is also demonstrated in previous studies of phenetic analysis, flower flavonoids, DNA content, and electrophoresis of seed proteins, esterases, leucine aminopeptidases, and catalases. G. bickii is placed in a new G genome and is assigned to the 2G1 subgenome.

Cytogenetic studies of interspecific hybrids between diploid species of Festuca

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Morgan ◽  
Hugh Thomas ◽  
M. Evans ◽  
M. Borrill
Keyword(s):  
Genome Size ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
The Difference

Chromosome pairing in hybrids between diploid species of Festuca is described. The chromosome complements of the species from different taxonomic sections vary in chromosome size and DNA content. In interspecific hybrids involving species of the section Montanae there was a relationship between the difference in DNA content of the parental species and chromosome pairing in the F1 hybrids. The larger the difference between the DNA content of the parental species, the more pronounced the failure of chromosome pairing in the F1 hybrids. Factors other than divergence in genome size were also shown to have an effect on chromosome pairing in other hybrid combinations.Key words: chromosome pairing, DNA content, Festuca, hybrids (interspecific).

scholarly journals The relationship between nuclear DNA content and centromere volume in higher plants

1981 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Bennett ◽  
J.B. Smith ◽  
J. Ward ◽  
G. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Dna Content ◽  
Nuclear Dna ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Nuclear Dna Content ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Nuclear Volume ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Single Chromosome

The total volume of centromeres per nucleus varies widely within Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (7-fold) and between 11 higher plant species (24-fold). Such variation is closely correlated with nuclear DNA content, nuclear volume and, to a lesser extent, the total volume of nucleoli per nucleus. Centromere volume reflects minor intraspecific developmental fluctuations in nuclear size independent of variation in nuclear DNA content, but variation in nuclear DNA plays the major role in determining centromere volume. Thus, in general a given total volume of centromeric material is apparently characteristic of an approximately constant nuclear volume and mass of nuclear DNA, but largely independent of chromosome number. The range of volume of single centromeres in 4 taxa corresponds with the ranges of their single chromosome lengths or chromosome DNA contents. The centromere is, therefore, not a unit structure of constant size and mass but a chromosome segment whose highly variable volume closely reflects the volume and mass of the chromosome to which it belongs. The correlation between centromere size and chromosome size and DNA content is potentially useful for identifying single centromeres in unsquashed interphase and dividing nuclei; thereby facilitating studies of the intranuclear disposition of chromosomes. The present results for centromeres provide probably the first example to indicate that variation in the total DNA content of small segments present on each chromosome sometimes varies directly in proportion to large interspecific variation in nuclear DNA C-value. The close correlation between centromere volume, and nuclear DNA content is probably nucleotypic in origin. The functional significance of the variation in centromere volume is unknown, as is the nature of the mechanism which determines that centromere volume closely reflects nuclear and chromosome size and mass.

Plasmodium berghei: Gametocyte production, DNA content, and chromosome-size polymorphisms during asexual multiplication in vivo

1989 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 274-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Janse ◽  
E.G. Boorsma ◽  
J. Ramesar ◽  
Ph. van Vianen ◽  
R. van der Meer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Content ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Chromosome Size ◽  
Asexual Multiplication
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