Toxigenicity and toxin genes of Vibrio cholerae 01 isolated from an artificial aquatic environment

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Islam
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Toxin Genes

scholarly journals Transmission of Vibrio cholerae Is Antagonized by Lytic Phage and Entry into the Aquatic Environment

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. e1000187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric J. Nelson ◽  
Ashrafuzzaman Chowdhury ◽  
James Flynn ◽  
Stefan Schild ◽  
Lori Bourassa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Lytic Phage

scholarly journals Seasonal Cholera Caused by Vibrio cholerae Serogroups O1 and O139 in the Coastal Aquatic Environment of Bangladesh

2006 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 4096-4104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munirul Alam ◽  
Nur A. Hasan ◽  
Abdus Sadique ◽  
N. A. Bhuiyan ◽  
Kabir U. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Direct Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
El Tor

ABSTRACT Since Vibrio cholerae O139 first appeared in 1992, both O1 El Tor and O139 have been recognized as the epidemic serogroups, although their geographic distribution, endemicity, and reservoir are not fully understood. To address this lack of information, a study of the epidemiology and ecology of V. cholerae O1 and O139 was carried out in two coastal areas, Bakerganj and Mathbaria, Bangladesh, where cholera occurs seasonally. The results of a biweekly clinical study (January 2004 to May 2005), employing culture methods, and of an ecological study (monthly in Bakerganj and biweekly in Mathbaria from March 2004 to May 2005), employing direct and enrichment culture, colony blot hybridization, and direct fluorescent-antibody methods, showed that cholera is endemic in both Bakerganj and Mathbaria and that V. cholerae O1, O139, and non-O1/non-O139 are autochthonous to the aquatic environment. Although V. cholerae O1 and O139 were isolated from both areas, most noteworthy was the isolation of V. cholerae O139 in March, July, and September 2004 in Mathbaria, where seasonal cholera was clinically linked only to V. cholerae O1. In Mathbaria, V. cholerae O139 emerged as the sole cause of a significant outbreak of cholera in March 2005. V. cholerae O1 reemerged clinically in April 2005 and established dominance over V. cholerae O139, continuing to cause cholera in Mathbaria. In conclusion, the epidemic potential and coastal aquatic reservoir for V. cholerae O139 have been demonstrated. Based on the results of this study, the coastal ecosystem of the Bay of Bengal is concluded to be a significant reservoir for the epidemic serogroups of V. cholerae.

scholarly journals A Glimpse into the Expanded Genome Content of Vibrio cholerae through Identification of Genes Present in Environmental Strains

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (9) ◽  
pp. 2992-3001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Purdy ◽  
Forest Rohwer ◽  
Rob Edwards ◽  
Farooq Azam ◽  
Douglas H. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Genotypic Diversity ◽  
Subtractive Hybridization ◽  
Survival Strategies ◽  
Clinical Strain ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Flanking Sequence ◽  
Toxin Genes

ABSTRACT Vibrio cholerae has multiple survival strategies which are reflected both in its broad distribution in many aquatic environments and its high genotypic diversity. To obtain additional information regarding the content of the V. cholerae genome, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to prepare libraries of DNA sequences from two southern California coastal isolates which are divergent or absent in the clinical strain V. cholerae O1 El Tor N16961. More than 1,400 subtracted clones were sequenced. This revealed the presence of novel sequences encoding functions related to cell surface structures, transport, metabolism, signal transduction, luminescence, mobile elements, stress resistance, and virulence. Flanking sequence information was determined for loci of interest, and the distribution of these sequences was assessed for a collection of V. cholerae strains obtained from southern California and Mexican environments. This led to the surprising observation that sequences related to the toxin genes toxA, cnf1, and exoY are widespread and more common in these strains than those of the cholera toxin genes which are a hallmark of the pandemic strains of V. cholerae. Gene transfer among these strains could be facilitated by a 4.9-kbp plasmid discovered in one isolate, which possesses similarity to plasmids from other environmental vibrios. By investigating some of the nucleotide sequence basis for V. cholerae genotypic diversity, DNA fragments have been uncovered which could promote survival in coastal environments. Furthermore, a set of genes has been described which could be involved in as yet undiscovered interactions between V. cholerae and eukaryotic organisms.

scholarly journals Distribution of vibrio cholerae non-ol in and around the Hiroshima City aquatic environment, Japan.

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 467-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
CIIRA KIIYUKIA ◽  
HIROYUKI NAKANO ◽  
RAJAM RAJENDRAN ◽  
HIDEYUKI KAWAKAMI ◽  
HIDEO HASHIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Hiroshima City

scholarly journals Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae in Thailand: homology with cloned cholera toxin genes.

1985 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Hanchalay ◽  
J Seriwatana ◽  
P Echeverria ◽  
J Holmgren ◽  
C Tirapat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cholera Toxin ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Toxin Genes

scholarly journals Simple Procedure for Rapid Identification of Vibrio cholerae from the Aquatic Environment

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 995-998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipa Choopun ◽  
Val�rie Louis ◽  
Anwar Huq ◽  
Rita R. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Rapid Technique ◽  
Arginine Dihydrolase ◽  
Esculin Hydrolysis

ABSTRACT Biochemical tests commonly used to screen for Vibrio cholerae in environmental samples were evaluated, and we found that a combination of alkaline peptone enrichment followed by streaking on thiosulfate citrate bile salts sucrose agar and testing for arginine dihydrolase activity and esculin hydrolysis was an effective rapid technique to screen for aquatic environmental V. cholerae. This technique provided 100% sensitivity and ≥70% specificity.

scholarly journals Association of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor and O139 Bengal with the Copepods Acartia tonsa and Eurytemora affinis

2007 ◽  
Vol 73 (24) ◽  
pp. 7926-7933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonya K. Rawlings ◽  
Gregory M. Ruiz ◽  
Rita R. Colwell
Keyword(s):  
Vibrio Cholerae ◽  
Aquatic Environment ◽  
Acartia Tonsa ◽  
Copepod Species ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Eurytemora Affinis ◽  
Rural Bangladesh ◽  
Laboratory Microcosm ◽  
Vibrio Cholerae O1 ◽  
El Tor

ABSTRACT The association of Vibrio cholerae with zooplankton has been suggested as an important factor in transmission of human epidemic cholera, and the ability to colonize zooplankton surfaces may play a role in the temporal variation and predominance of the two different serogroups (V. cholerae O1 El Tor and O139) in the aquatic environment. To date, interactions between specific serogroups and species of plankton remain poorly understood. Laboratory microcosm experiments were carried out to compare quantitatively the colonization of two copepod species, Acartia tonsa and Eurytemora affinis, by each of the epidemic serogroups. V. cholerae O1 consistently achieved higher abundances than V. cholerae O139 in colonizing adults of each copepod species as well as the multiple life stages of E. affinis. This difference in colonization may be significant in the general predominance of V. cholerae O1 in cholera epidemics in rural Bangladesh where water supplies are taken directly from the environment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document