Distribution of the neurons of origin of the great cerebral commissures in the cat

1985 ◽  
Vol 171 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc L. Jouandet ◽  
Joao-Jos� Lachat ◽  
Laurence J. Garey
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Commissures

scholarly journals Callosal Atrophy Correlates with Temporal Lobe Volume and Mental Status in Alzheimer's Disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra E. Black ◽  
Scott D. Moffat ◽  
David C. Yu ◽  
Jayson Parker ◽  
Peter Stanchev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Anterior Commissure ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Cognitive Test ◽  
Temporal Lobes ◽  
Cerebral Commissures ◽  
State Examination

Background:Recent studies have reported significant atrophy of the corpus callosum (CC) in Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, it is currently unknown whether CC atrophy is associated with specific cortical volume changes in AD. Moreover, possible atrophy in extra-callosal commissures has not been examined to date. The purpose of the present study was to quantify atrophy in two cerebral commissures [the CC and the anterior commissure (AC)], to correlate this measure with cognitive status, and to relate commissural size to independent measures of temporal lobe volume in AD patients.Methods:A sample of AD patients and of age- and education-matched normal control subjects (NCs) underwent MRI and a cognitive test battery including the Dementia Rating Scale and Mini Mental State examination. Mid-sagittal regional areas within CC and AC were measured along with superior, middle and inferior temporal lobes volumes.Results:Alzheimer's Disease patients had significantly smaller callosa than did NCs. The callosal regions most affected in AD included the midbody, isthmus and genu. The isthmus and midbody areas of the CC were positively correlated with cognitive performance and with superior temporal lobe volume in AD patients. The mid-sagittal area of the AC and the superior temporal volumes did not differ between AD patients and NCs.Conclusion:The study demonstrated that the regional morphology of the CC correlates with current cognitive status and temporal lobe atrophy in AD. As well, the lack of difference for the AC suggests that commissural atrophy in AD is regionally specific.

A computer model for learning processes and the role of the cerebral commissures

1984 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Anninos ◽  
P. Argyrakis ◽  
A. Skouras
Keyword(s):  
Computer Model ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Cerebral Commissures

The Post-embryonic Development of Phaenoserphus viator Hal. (Proctotrypoidea), a Parasite of the Larva of Pterostichus niger (Carabidae), with Notes on the Anatomy of the Larva

Parasitology ◽  
1929 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. S. Eastham
Keyword(s):  
Body Wall ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Suboesophageal Ganglion ◽  
Tracheal System ◽  
Single Host ◽  
History Of ◽  
Cerebral Commissures ◽  
Frontal Ganglion

1. The life-history of Phaenoserphus viator is described.Four larval instars are found, endoparasitic in the larvae of Pterostichus niger. At thee nd of the last larval instar the parasites, which may number as many as 45 in a single host, emerge, and while still attached, pupate without spinning a cocoon.Adults may appear in August or September.The effect of the parasite in inhibiting metamorphosis of the host is discussed.2. The first observed larva is atracheate and incompletely segmented at first and is of the polypod type bearing paired prolegs on the body segments.Subsequent instars are apodate.The tracheal system develops progressively in the several instars, but only becomes functional in the final stage.3. The anatomy of the larva is briefly described with the exception of the musculature.Tracheal development is described. Gas only appears in the tracheae after the development of the tracheole cells puts the tracheae into communication with the body wall and other organs.In the circulatory system an important accessory organ is the neural sinus, formed by the enclosure of the ventral nerve cord beneath a connective tissue curtain.The imaginal discs of the hypodermis are briefly described, these being clearly defined in the head, thorax, and posterior abdominal segments.The nervous system consists of a brain, suboesophageal ganglion and 11 ventral ganglia, the most posterior being tripartite. This system is connected with the sympathetic, by nerves passing from the cerebral commissures to a frontal ganglion which lies above the oesophagus and behind the labrum.

scholarly journals On a peculiarity of the cerebral commissures in certain Marsupialia, not hitherto recognised as a distinctive feature or the Diprotodontia

1902 ◽  
Vol 70 (459-466) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Distinctive Feature ◽  
Anterior Commissure ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
Dorsal Area ◽  
Cerebral Commissures ◽  
Coronal Section ◽  
The Brain

It has been known for a considerable time that some of the fibres of the ventral commissure of the cerebrum in certain Marsupials dissociate themselves from the rest of the commissure as soon as they have crossed the mesial plane; and that, instead of passing bodily into the external capsule, which is the usual course of the fibres of the ventral or anterior commissure, they form an aberrant bundle which associates itself with the internal capsule so as to reach the dorsal area of the neopallium by a shorter and slightly less circuitous course (fig. 2). This peculiarity was represented in the drawings of sections through the brains of Macropus and Phascolomys , in 1865, by the late W. H. Flower. It was more distinctly shown in a diagram illustrating a coronal section through the brain of a Derbian Wallaby which was published 27 years later by Johnson Symington.

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