Non-additive gene effects in populations under different methods of selection

1989 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-580
Author(s):  
E. A. Carbonell ◽  
A. E. Bell ◽  
J. J. Frey
Keyword(s):  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

Estimating the heritability of butterfat production

1961 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Searle
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Total Variance ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Narrow Sense ◽  
Sampling Errors ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

Part of the variation among butterfat yields in dairy cows arises from genetic differences among the animals. The proportion which this bears to the total variance is known as heritability. In the ‘narrow’ sense it is defined (Lush, 1940), as the proportion of the total variance that is due to additive gene effects; the ‘broad’ sense definition includes genetic variation arising from non-additive gene effects as well as that due to additive effects. Since related animals have a proportion of their genes in common the covariance among their production records can be used for estimating genetic variation and hence heritability. This paper discusses three groups of related animals most frequently used for this purpose, twins, daughter-dam pairs and paternal half-sibs, and presents the results of analysing production records of artificially bred heifers in New Zealand, including evidence of the magnitude of the sampling errors of the heritability estimates.

Combining Ability Estimates in Heat Tolerant Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Genotypes

2010 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
S Ahmad ◽  
AKM Quamruzzaman ◽  
M Nazim Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Tomato Genotype

The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur from May to August 2003. Combining ability effects were estimated for yield and component traits in a 8 x 8 diallel design excluding reciprocals in tomato. The variances for general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) were highly significant indicating the presence of additive as well as non-additive gene effects in the traits studied. The relative magnitude of these variances indicated that additive gene effects were more prominent for all the characters under study. The tomato genotype P1 (TM051) proved to be the best general combiner for yield followed by P2 (TM053) and the combinations P1xP3, P1xP5 and P5xP7 were identified as the best specific combiner for earliness, yield per plant, number of fruits per plant and individual fruit weight.

scholarly journals Non-Additive Gene Effects of Six Broiler Traits as Studied from a Series of Diallel Matings ,

1959 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 972-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kan ◽  
W.F. Krueger ◽  
J.H. Quisenberry
Keyword(s):  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

scholarly journals Combining capacity and heterosis in eggplant hybrids under high temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-353
Author(s):  
Ricardo de N Valadares ◽  
Danieli A Nóbrega ◽  
Lilian B de Lima ◽  
Jordana Antônia dos S Silva ◽  
Ana Maria M dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Pollen Viability ◽  
Fixation Index ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Fruit Length ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to estimate the combinatorial capacity and heterosis of eggplant hybrids under high temperature conditions. Seven genitors, twelve hybrid combinations, originated from a partial diallel, and the Ciça F1 hybrid, as control, were evaluated. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions in randomized block design with four replications, from April to December 2017. The assessed traits related to high temperatures were pollen viability (PV) and fruit fixation index (FFI); the morphoagronomic traits were number of fruits per plant (NFP), fruit weight (FWe), production per plant (PP), fruit length (FL), fruit width (FWi), fruit length/width ratio (FLWR) and plant height (PH). The variance analysis showed greater participation of the additive gene effects in relation to the non-additive gene effects in most traits, except for PV. The genitors CNPH 141, CNPH 135, CNPH 109 and CNPH 51 stood out with favorable gene effects to obtain genotypes tolerant to high temperatures, since they present good general combining ability (GCA) for the traits FFI, NFP and PP. The 1x4 and 3x4 hybrids presented positive estimates for both GCA and specific combining ability (SCA), demonstrating a greater potential to be used in breeding to increase the FFI, NFP and PP, under high temperatures. The 1x4, 1x5 and 1x6 hybrids expressed positive heterosis for most analyzed traits. The 1x4 hybrid stood out for the highest averages for PV, FFI, NFP and PP. For FWe, FL, FWi and FLWR, both positive and negative heterosis were observed, as consequence of the phenotypic variability of the genitors for these traits and suggests the possibility of selection for different sizes and formats.

scholarly journals 152 GENETIC ANALYSIS OF CUCUMBER QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN THE PARENTS AND THEIR F1 DIALLEL ANALYSIS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 450e-450
Author(s):  
Seif H. Gad El-Hak ◽  
Saved. H. Mahmoud ◽  
Mohamed A.. Abobakr ◽  
Ragab M. Alv
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Diallel Analysis ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Diallel Crosses ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Cucumber Yield

Five lines of cucumber and their 10 F1 diallel crosses were statistically and graphically analyzed to evaluate their performance for eight quantitative traits. Additive and non-additive gene effects were involved in the inheritance of all traits. The variances due ro GCA and SCA effects were highly significant for all traits, but the GCA effect was much greater than SCA except In the case of plant height. The cucumber “TMG-1” and “Yomaki” genotypes were superior for GCA as well as SCA for early and total yields per plant, respectively. Therefore, they can be involved in hybrid programs improvement for cucumber yield under similar conditions.

INHERITANCE OF MAIZE SEEDLING TOLERANCE TO ALACHLOR

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 1045-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. FRANCIS ◽  
A. S. HAMILL
Keyword(s):  
Maize Seedling ◽  
Reliable Prediction ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

The inheritance of seedling tolerance to the herbicide alachlor [2-chloro-2′6′-diethyl-N-(methoxymethyl)] was studied in a greenhouse using inbreds and hybrids of maize. Only non-additive gene effects were significant. Thus, reliable prediction of hybrid tolerance from knowledge of inbred response is not possible

scholarly journals Analysis of Combining Ability in Rice Varieties for Quantitative Traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 436-439
Author(s):  
Ghaffar KIANI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Grain Length ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene

Rice is staple food in Iran. Despite of high quality of local rice, their grain yield is low. In hybridization breeding programs, selection of suitable parents is an essential role for developing new combinations with broadens genetic diversity. Combining ability of local rice varieties namely ‘Hashemi’, ‘Sang Jo’ and ‘Tarom Deylamani’ and ‘Nemat’ was evaluated in a partial diallele analysis for agronomic traits in a randomized complete block design at Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University. General combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) variances showed predominated role of additive gene effects in the inheritance of grain length. Both additive and non-additive components of genetic variances were important in the inheritance of traits like grain yield, plant height, panicle length, total grains per panicle, grain length and grain length to width. However, non-additive gene effects were seen for tiller number. Results showed that ‘Nemat’ was the best general combiner for most of characters followed by ‘Tarom Deylamani’. The cross of ‘Hashemi’ × ‘Tarom Deylamani’ was suggested to exploitation of heterosis breeding for increasing yield and its components in rice breeding programs. 

The correlations between relatives in a random mating diploid population

1961 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Trustrum ◽  
J. H. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Effects ◽  
Random Mating ◽  
Quantitative Character ◽  
Population Variance ◽  
Diploid Population ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Differential Viability

Malecot(4) under certain conditions derived the formula for the covariance of the genotypic values of a quantitative character in two individuals AI and AII, which were related but not by direct descent. This generalized some results of Fisher (l). Kempthorne (2) extended the theory to multiple allelic systems with any degree of epistacy (i.e. interlocular genie interaction) but without linkage. He gave the formula Here is the item in the population variance which can be attributed to the interaction of additive gene effects at r loci and dominance gene effects at s loci. φ and φ′ are the coefficients of relation between the two individuals. The various assumptions normally included under random mating equilibrium were made, i.e. no selection, mutations, maternal effects or differential viability. Kempthorne (2), (3) gave two rather different proofs of this important result. His second proof was the more straightforward, but it was somewhat condensed.

Genetics of weather fleck in Nicotiana tabacum

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Aycock Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Reciprocal Recurrent Selection ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Population Means ◽  
Additive Gene Effects ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Additive Gene

A 2-year study was conducted to investigate additive, dominance, and epistatic gene effects for weather fleck in Maryland tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.). P1, P2, F1, F2, P1F1, and P2F1 population means from each of seven crosses were used to estimate gene effects. In general, additive gene effects were more important in the inheritance of weather fleck than dominance or epistatic effects; however, in three of the seven crosses dominance and (or) epistatic gene effects were important. Adequate additive gene effects were present in five of the seven crosses to allow considerable progress towards selection of more weather fleck resistant lines. In two families, because of significant epistatic gene effects, the development of weather fleck resistant lines could be accomplished by producing doubled haploids from desirable F1 plants or by using a reciprocal recurrent selection program.

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