Career plans and gender-role attitudes of college students in the United States, Japan, and Slovenia

Sex Roles ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 29 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 317-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuko Morinaga ◽  
Irene Hanson Frieze ◽  
Anuska Ferligoj
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
Career Plans ◽  
And Gender

Dating Violence Attitudes Among Latino College Students: An Examination of Gender, Machismo, and Marianismo

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-210
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Terrazas-Carrillo ◽  
Chiara Sabina
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Latino College Students ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Hispanic Serving ◽  
United States Mexico

This study sought to fill a gap in the literature by exploring the association of gender, machismo and marianismo, and acculturation to dating violence (DV) attitudes among a sample of Latino college students. A total of 305 students were recruited from a Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) located on the United States–Mexico border. Results showed significant differences in all forms of DV attitudes across gender. Separate regression models for men and women showed a pattern of endorsing the traditional gender role of machismo was predictive of tolerant DV attitudes for men and women. The marianismo dimension of chastity and virtuosity was associated to a decrease in tolerant DV attitudes among men. In addition, acculturation's relationship to DV attitudes and gender role ideology was not significant. Overall, the findings highlight the need for DV programs to address culturally-based understandings of gender roles and their association to DV attitudes.

Culture, Gender, and Assessment of Fear of Fatness

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Ambwani ◽  
Cortney S. Warren ◽  
David H. Gleaves ◽  
Antonio Cepeda-Benito ◽  
Mari Carmen Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Measurement Equivalence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
American Women ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Fear Of Fat

To understand the relevance of the fear of fatness construct across culture and gender, we translated the Goldfarb Fear of Fat Scale (GFFS) and examined its psychometric properties in English and Spanish languages in a sample of Euro-American male (n = 111) and female (n = 100), and Spanish male (n = 114) and female (n = 544) college students in the United States and Spain. Confirmatory and exploratory analyses tested the measurement equivalence of the instrument across samples by gender and culture. Eight of the 10 items appeared to demonstrate measurement invariance. Mean comparisons on the eight-item version suggested that there was a gender by country interaction, with Euro-American women scoring substantially higher than the three other groups. Overall, these results highlight the need for additional examinations of cross-cultural instrument invariance and explorations of the fear of fatness construct.

Dating Violence Attitudes Among Latino College Students: An Examination of Gender, Machismo, and Marianismo

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Terrazas-Carrillo ◽  
Chiara Sabina
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Dating Violence ◽  
The United States ◽  
Latino College Students ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Hispanic Serving ◽  
United States Mexico

This study sought to fill a gap in the literature by exploring the association of gender, machismo and marianismo, and acculturation to dating violence (DV) attitudes among a sample of Latino college students. A total of 305 students were recruited from a Hispanic Serving Institution (HSI) located on the United States–Mexico border. Results showed significant differences in all forms of DV attitudes across gender. Separate regression models for men and women showed a pattern of endorsing the traditional gender role of machismo was predictive of tolerant DV attitudes for men and women. The marianismo dimension of chastity and virtuosity was associated to a decrease in tolerant DV attitudes among men. In addition, acculturation's relationship to DV attitudes and gender role ideology was not significant. Overall, the findings highlight the need for DV programs to address culturally-based understandings of gender roles and their association to DV attitudes.

scholarly journals Examination of Cultural and Gender Similarities and Differences among Canadian and U.S. College Students on a Measure of Manifest Anxiety

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Patricia A. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Mental Health Professionals ◽  
The United States ◽  
Student Population ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Manifest Anxiety

A measurement invariance study was conducted among 1,344 college students from Canada and the United States on an anxiety measure specifically designed for the college student population to determine whether the construct of anxiety was equivalent across country (Canada, United States) and gender. In addition, country and gender differences were examined on the anxiety measure. The Adult Manifest Anxiety Scale-College Version (AMAS-C) was administered to the college students online. The AMAS-C consists of four anxiety (Physiological Anxiety, Social Concerns/Stress, Test Anxiety, and Worry/Oversensitivity) subscales, a Total Anxiety scale, and a Lie scale. Results of tests of measurement invariance found the construct of anxiety equivalent across country and gender and latent mean analyses found gender differences, but no country differences, on the AMAS-C anxiety factors. Implications of the findings for mental health professionals, educational practitioners, and current and future researchers who work with or who will work with the undergraduate student population in Canada are discussed.

Socialization, Life Situations, and Gender-Role Attitudes regarding the Family among White American Women

1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Futing Liao ◽  
Yang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
White Women ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Gender Role Attitudes ◽  
The United States ◽  
White American ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
And Gender ◽  
White American Women

There are two major theoretical perspectives explaining differences in gender-role attitudes: the socialization or social-learning theory, and situational theory in the form of macrosituational and microsituational (microstructural) hypotheses. In this article, we synthesize the two theories. We use data from the 1985 General Social Survey to evaluate this synthetic theory for white women in the United States. The findings show that socialization, represented by women's educational attainment being influenced by their mothers' educational attainment, has no direct impact on gender-role attitudes. Socialization does indirectly influence attitudes via women's life situations, as represented by women's life course stages and the kin composition of their social networks. Life situations are more contemporaneous than socialization and, thus, have direct effects on family-related gender-role attitudes.

scholarly journals Rape Myth Acceptance Among College Students in the United States, Japan, and India

SAGE Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401667501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Stephens ◽  
Akiko Kamimura ◽  
Niwako Yamawaki ◽  
Haimanti Bhattacharya ◽  
Wenjing Mo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rape Myth Acceptance ◽  
Rape Myth ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Myth Acceptance

Rape myth acceptance is an important determinant of sexual assault behaviors. This study explored country and gender differences in rape myth acceptance among undergraduate students in the United States, Japan, and India. Male and female college students ( N = 637) in these three countries participated in a self-administered survey in the fall of 2012 (the United States, n = 206; Japan, n = 215; and India, n = 216). The order of the countries arranged in increasing order of likelihood of disbelieving rape claim was as follows: the United States, Japan, and India. U.S. and Japanese students were less likely to disbelieve rape claims ( p < .01) while U.S. students also were less likely to believe that victims are responsible for rape ( p < .01). Overall, female participants were less likely to believe in the rape myth acceptance, disbelief of rape claim and victims are responsible for rape ( p < .05). Acceptance of rape myth also varied by whether a participant knew about an organization or who do not believe they would seek help for sexual assault. Non-help seeking is associated with rape myth acceptance. This study, which used the same survey and data collection methods, provides comparative information on rape myth acceptance among college students in the United States, Japan, and India, which is not otherwise available, and contributes to providing fundamental knowledge to develop country-specific prevention programs.

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