Regional chemical characteristics of lakes in North America Part II: Eastern United States

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 577-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Linthurst ◽  
D. H. Landers ◽  
J. M. Eilers ◽  
P. E. Kellar ◽  
D. F. Brakke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Eastern United States

Regional Chemical Characteristics of Lakes in North America Part II: Eastern United States

1986 ◽  
pp. 1631-1645 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Linthurst ◽  
D. H. Landers ◽  
J. M. Eilers ◽  
P. E. Kellar ◽  
D. F. Brakke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Eastern United States

A comparison of earthquake damage areas as a function of magnitude across the United States

1993 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 1064-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Bollinger ◽  
M. C. Chapman ◽  
M. S. Sibol
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Ground Motion ◽  
Epicentral Distance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
The West

Abstract This study investigates the relationship between earthquake magnitude and the size of damage areas in the eastern and western United States. To quantify damage area as a function of moment magnitude (M), 149 MMI VI and VII areas for 109 earthquakes (88 in the western United States, 21 in the eastern United States and Canada) were measured. Regression of isoseismal areas versus M indicated that areas in the East were larger than those in the West, at both intensity levels, by an average 5 × in the M 4.5 to 7.5 range. In terms of radii for circles of equivalent area, these results indicate that damaging ground motion from shocks of the same magnitude extend 2 × the epicentral distance in eastern North America compared to the West. To determine source and site parameters consistent with the above results, response spectral levels for eastern North America were stochastically simulated and compared with response spectral ordinates derived from recorded strong ground motion data in the western United States. Stress-drop values of 200 bars, combined with a surficial 2-km-thick low velocity “sedimentary” layer over rock basement, produced results that are compatible with the intensity observations, i.e., similar response spectral levels in the east at approximately twice their epicentral distance in the western U.S. distance. These results suggest that ground motion modeling in eastern North America may need to incorporate source and site parameters different from those presently in general use. The results are also of importance to eastern U.S. hazard assessments as they require allowance for the larger damage areas in preparedness and mitigation programs.

scholarly journals An alvar race of the couperi subspecies of the Silvery Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus couperi) in southeastern Ontario?

2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (3) ◽  
pp. 224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul M. Catling ◽  
Ross A. Layberry
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitats ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Anthropogenic Habitat ◽  
Eastern Ontario ◽  
Glaucopsyche Lygdamus

The couperi subspecies of the Silvery Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus couperi) has expanded its range southward in northeastern North America using introduced legumes and open anthropogenic habitats. The discovery of a population of the Silvery Blue (Glaucopsyche lygdamus) in an eastern Ontario alvar woodland in 2011 suggests that the Silvery Blue may have been long established (although restricted) in southern Ontario. Three larvae from this population were reared from eggs deposited on native Neglected Milk-Vetch (Astragalus neglectus) by free-flying females in 2012. The three larvae, pupae, and single reared adult, as well as other adults from the alvar woodland, are described and compared with specimens associated with open anthropogenic habitat and introduced legumes. The alvar woodland specimens were closer to the northern Ontario subsp. couperi than to the subsp. lygdamus of the eastern United States. Although the alvar woodland larvae were darker green than subsp. couperi and the spots on the adults were on average larger than in subsp. couperi, the alvar woodland Silvery Blues could not be definitively distinguished from subsp. couperi, including specimens from northern Ontario and those from southern Ontario associated with open habitats. Nevertheless, there is a possibility that the alvar woodland population of the Silvery Blue dates from early postglacial times and represents a distinct race separate from the Silvery Blue of open habitats.

scholarly journals Verification of Extratropical Cyclones within the NCEP Operational Models. Part I: Analysis Errors and Short-Term NAM and GFS Forecasts

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 1173-1190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Charles ◽  
Brian A. Colle
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Extratropical Cyclones ◽  
Global Forecast System ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Forecast System ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The North

Abstract This paper verifies extratropical cyclones around North America and the adjacent oceans within the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System (GFS) and North American Mesoscale (NAM) models during the 2002–07 cool seasons (October–March). The analyzed cyclones in the Global Forecast System (GFS) model, North American Mesoscale (NAM) model, and the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) were also compared against sea level pressure (SLP) observations around extratropical cyclones. The GFS analysis of SLP was clearly superior to the NAM and NARR analyses. The analyzed cyclone pressures in the NAM improved in 2006–07 when its data assimilation was switched to the Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI). The NCEP GFS has more skillful cyclone intensity and position forecasts than the NAM over the continental United States and adjacent oceans, especially over the eastern Pacific, where the NAM has a large positive (underdeepening) bias in cyclone central pressure. For the short-term (0–60 h) forecasts, the GFS and NAM cyclone errors over the eastern Pacific are larger than the other regions to the east. There are relatively large biases in cyclone position for both models, which vary spatially around North America. The eastern Pacific has four to eight cyclone events per year on average, with errors >10 mb at hour 48 in the GFS; this number has not decreased in recent years. There has been little improvement in the 0–2-day cyclone forecasts during the past 5 yr over the eastern United States, while there has been a relatively large improvement in the cyclone pressure predictions over the eastern Pacific in the NAM.

scholarly journals A Canadian range extension for Wormslug (Boettgerilla pallens; Gastropoda: Stylommatophora: Boettgerillidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-267
Author(s):  
Paul M. Catling ◽  
Brenda Kostiuk
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Sugar Maple ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
Invasive Spread ◽  
First Time

The introduced Wormslug (Boettgerilla pallens Simroth, 1912) is reported from Quebec, Canada, for the first time, from two closely situated localities in Gatineau Park. It was previously reported from the Vancouver area of British Columbia and, very recently, from Newfoundland. Within the Americas, the species has been reported from northern California, Mexico, and Colombia, and, because it is easily overlooked, likely occurs elsewhere in North America, especially in the eastern United States. In Quebec, it was found in a natural Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum Marshall) woodland and an ornamental garden. Wormslug likely reached both sites with shrub plantings from commercial nurseries, probably quite recently, because the invasive spread of the species, worldwide, has occurred mostly during the last few decades. Although the woodland where it occurred is dominated by native plants, the gastropod fauna there is mainly introduced. Identification, characteristics, and ecology of Wormslug are discussed. The potential for impact on native soil and soil surface organisms, including native terrestrial slugs and snails, is noted.

scholarly journals William Culp Darrah (1909–1989)

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-857 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elsie Darrah Morey
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Upper Carboniferous ◽  
International Geological

William C. Darrah, educator, geologist, botanist, and historian, loved life, and he chose to share with others his genuine enjoyment of discovery and learning through his writing and teaching. His A Critical Review of the Upper Carboniferous Floras of the Eastern United States (1970) and nearly a hundred professional papers made his name familiar to many paleontologists in Pennsylvania and throughout the United States. It is interesting to note that early in his career Bill developed an interest in the early conifers, especially Walchia. At the time of his death, he had just completed a manuscript with Paul Lyons, “The Earliest Conifers in North America: Upland and/or Paleoclimatic Indicators?,” “which has been accepted for publication in PALAIOS. Most recently, having attended the International Geological Conference in the United States in 1933, Bill had hoped to present a paper on the Dunkard at the July 1989 IGC in Washington, D.C.

Zoogeography and taxonomy of Dirofilaria scapiceps (Leidy, 1886) and D. uniformis Price, 1957 (Nematoda: Filarioidea) of lagomorphs in North America

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Host Record ◽  
Sylvilagus Floridanus ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
New Host ◽  
New Host Record ◽  
South Central ◽  
Central United States ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissues

Dirofilaria scapiceps (Leidy, 1886) was found in 62% of 404 Lepus americanus, 27% of 89 Sylvilagus floridanus, 13% of 31 Orytolagus cuniculus (domestic), 4% of 26 L. capensis, and none of 15 L. timidus, 2 L. californicus, and 50 L. townsendii collected in various regions of North America. Dirofilaria scapiceps in L. capensis is a new host record. The two species of Dirofilaria, D. scapiceps and D. uniformis Price, 1957, known from lagomorphs are redescribed. Dirofilaria scapiceps occurs predominantly in connective tissue surrounding tendons in the ankle region and rarely in intermuscular fascia near the knee joint of the hind leg; D. uniformis occurs in subcutaneous tissues of the trunk. Both D. scapiceps and D. uniformis are known only from lagomorphs in North America, D. scapiceps from L. americanus, L. capensis, S. floridanus, S. palustris and O. cuniculus and D. uniformis from S. floridanus, S. palustris and O. cuniculus. Dirofilaria scapiceps is present in lagomorphs in Alaska, Canada, eastern United States and Wyoming whereas D. uniformis is known only from lagomorphs in southeastern and south central United States. Dirofilaria uniformis may have evolved, through paedomorphosis, from D. scapiceps.

A new brachypterous species of Elachiptera Becker (Diptera: Chloropidae) from freshwater wetlands in eastern Canada

Zootaxa ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 360 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
TERRY A. WHEELER
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
Freshwater Wetlands ◽  
Sister Species ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Coastal Salt Marshes

Elachiptera aquila sp. nov. is described from freshwater wetlands in Ontario and Quebec, Canada. Its apparent sister species is Elachiptera salinaria Sabrosky and Valley, known from coastal salt marshes in the eastern United States. Although there are Palearctic Elachiptera that are polymorphic for wing length, this is the first brachypterous species of the genus described from North America.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution and Evolution of Extratropical Cyclone Errors over North America and its Adjacent Oceans in the NCEP Global Forecast System Model

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Colle ◽  
Michael E. Charles
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Eastern Pacific ◽  
Central Pressure ◽  
Global Forecast System ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Forecast System ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
The U.S

Abstract Short- to medium-range (1–5 day) forecasts of extratropical cyclones around North America and its adjacent oceans are verified within the Global Forecast System (GFS) model at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) during the 2002–07 cool seasons (October–March). Cyclones in the immediate lee of the Rockies and U.S. Great Plains have 25%–50% smaller pressure errors than other regions after hour 36. The central pressure and displacement errors are largest over the central and eastern Pacific for the 42–72-h forecast, while the western and central Atlantic pressure errors for 96–120 h are similar to the central and eastern Pacific. For relatively strong cyclones, the western Atlantic and central/eastern Canada pressure errors are larger than those for the Pacific by 108–120 h. There are large spatial variations in the central pressure biases at 72–120 h, with overdeepened GFS cyclones (negative errors) extending from the northern Pacific and Bering Strait eastward to western Canada, while underdeepened GFS cyclones (positive errors) occur across northeast Canada and just east of the U.S. east coast. GFS cyclone tracks and spatial composites using the daily NCEP reanalysis are used to illustrate flow patterns and source regions for some of the large GFS cyclone errors and biases. Relatively large central pressure errors over the central Pacific early in the forecast (30 h) spread eastward over Canada by 66 h and the eastern United States by 84 h. The underdeepened GFS cyclone errors (>1.5 standard deviations) at day 4 over the western Atlantic are associated with an anomalous ridge over the western United States and trough over the eastern United States, and most of the underdeepening occurs with cyclones tracking east-northeastward across the Gulf Stream. Many of the overdeepened cyclones have tracks more parallel to the U.S. east coast. The underdeepened cyclones over the central and eastern Pacific tend to occur farther south (35°–45°N) than the overdeepened events.

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