The duration of DNA synthetic (S) period in Zea mays: A genetic control

1979 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Verma ◽  
M. S. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
S Period

scholarly journals Nonreciprocal partial cross-incompatibility in maize

1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 270-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitisri Sukhapinda ◽  
Peter A. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Reciprocal Cross ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Pollen Type ◽  
Incompatible Pollen ◽  
Genetic Stocks ◽  
Normal Seed ◽  
Controlling Elements

A case of cross-incompatibility among crosses in our genetics nursery was first observed in 1975. These crosses though involving controlling elements in maize (Zea mays L.) do not necessarily implicate these elements. When the derivative genotypes from the genetic stocks were crossed by specific male parents, ears with reduced seed set (RSS) were produced. In the reciprocal cross where these same genetic stocks were used as the male parent, ears with normal seed set (NSS) were obtained. The RSS effect is a heritable character caused by an incompatibility interaction between the female tissue and a specific pollen type. The genetic control of the incompatibility interaction has been hypothesized to be influenced by a cytoplasmic–chromosomal interaction in the female and a chromosomal factor in the pollen. The site of the incompatibility interaction is not on the silk surface because the incompatible pollen germinated and developed normally on the silk surface. Thus, the incompatibility interaction can occur either inside the silk or the ovule.

scholarly journals TOLERÂNCIA GENÉTICA DE LINHAGENS DE MILHO AOS HERBICIDAS TEMBOTRIONE E NICOSULFURON

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
ADILSON RICKEN SCHUELTER ◽  
MAYARA FABIANA SILVA ◽  
JONATAS MARCOLIN ◽  
IVAN SCHUSTER ◽  
ISABEL PRAZERES DE SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inbred Lines ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Crop Tolerance ◽  
Maize Productivity ◽  
Maize Inbred Lines ◽  
Chi Square Test

 RESUMO - As plantas daninhas constituem um dos fatores que reduzem a produtividade do milho e, portanto, é importante conhecer o mecanismo de tolerância da cultura aos herbicidas, de forma a fornecer informações que minimizem os riscos de danos aos cultivos. Dessa forma, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a resposta de linhagens de milho e o controle genético envolvido na tolerância aos herbicidas nicosulfuron e tembotrione. Duzentas e cinco linhagens de milho foram avaliadas quanto à reação aos herbicidas. Para a avaliação do controle genético de tolerância aos herbicidas foram empregadas duas linhagens tolerantes e duas sensíveis, as quais foram intercruzadas empregando um dialelo de meia tabela. As linhagens e as populações oriundas desses cruzamentos foram avaliadas quanto à reação aos herbicidas em delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. As dosagens foram de 60 g ha-1 de nicosulfuron (Sanson®) e 100 g ha-1 de tembotrione (Soberan®). A avaliação fenotípica constituiu-se de número de plantas sensíveis e/ou tolerantes e o teste do Qui-quadrado (χ2) foi utilizado nas análises. Quanto à resposta à aplicação dos agroquímicos verificaram-se linhagens tolerantes ou sensíveis a ambos os herbicidas ou apenas a um deles. Nas avaliações do controle genético, as análises evidenciaram um gene com dominância completa que, pela análise de segregação das famílias F3, permitiu levantar a hipótese de genes fortemente ligados ou pleiotrópicos. Os resultados obtidos, associados ao retrocruzamento assistido por marcadores moleculares (RCAM), auxiliaram o processo de introgressão da tolerância nas linhagens sensíveis aos herbicidas nicosulfuron e tembotrione.Palavras-chave: Zea mays L., herança, melhoramento genético, marcadores moleculares.GENETIC TOLERANCE OF MAIZE LINES TO TEMBOTRIONE AND NICOSULFURON ABSTRACT - As weeds are one of the factors that reduce maize productivity it is important to know the mechanism of crop tolerance to herbicide in order to minimize the risk of damage to the plants. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the response of maize inbred lines and the genetic control of the tolerance to the herbicides nicosulfuron and tembotrione. Two hundred and five maize inbred lines were evaluated for herbicides reaction. For the evaluation of the genetic control of tolerance to herbicides, two tolerant and two sensitive inbred lines were used, which were intercrossed using a half diallel table. The inbred lines and the populations obtained from these crosses were evaluated for reaction to the herbicides in a randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. The dosages were 60 g ha-1 of nicosulfuron (Sanson™) and 100 g ha-1 of tembotrione (Soberan™). The phenotypic evaluation was based on the number of sensitive and / or tolerant plants and the chi-square test (χ2) was used in the analysis. Regarding the response to the application of the agrochemicals, inbred lines were tolerant or sensitive to one or both herbicides. The analysis of genetic control showed a gene with complete dominance, and the segregation analysis of the F3 families hypothesized the occurrence of strongly linked or pleiotropic genes. The data obtained associated to marker-assisted backcrossing allowed the tolerance introgression in sensitive inbred lines to nicosulfuron and tembotrione.Keywords: Zea mays L., inheritance, plant breeding, molecular markers.

Genetic Control of Phytoglycogen Accumulation in Maize ( Zea mays L.) 1

Crop Science ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 739-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Ayers ◽  
Roy G. Creech
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Zea Mays L

THE GENETIC CONTROL OF FLAVONOID SYNTHESIS IN MAIZE

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Derek Styles ◽  
Oldriska Ceska
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Independent Control ◽  
Flavonoid Synthesis ◽  
Genetic Stocks ◽  
P Locus

Two classes of flavonoid pigments commonly found in Zea mays are anthocyanins, which can be produced in almost any tissue, and phlobaphenes, which are found predominantly in the cob and pericarp. Chromatographic analysis of genetic stocks shows that the R locus controls the production of anthocyanins and other flavonoids hydroxylated at the 3-position, together with their precursors, and the P locus controls the production of C-glycosylflavones and their precursors; the 3-deoxyanthocyanins, and the phlobaphenes. The two pathways are controlled independently, even though there are some precursors common to both pathways. A scheme for the genetic control of flavonoid synthesis in maize is presented, and possible mechanisms for the independent control of the two pathways are discussed.

scholarly journals Genetic effects on fitness of the mutant sugary1 in wild-type maize

2011 ◽  
Vol 150 (5) ◽  
pp. 603-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. DJEMEL ◽  
B. ORDÁS ◽  
L. KHELIFI ◽  
A. ORDÁS ◽  
P. REVILLA
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Genetic Regulation ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Evolutionary Potential ◽  
Breeding Programmes

SUMMARYKnowing the genetic regulation of fitness is crucial for using mutants in breeding programmes, particularly when the mutant is deleterious in some genetic backgrounds, as it happens with the sweet corn mutant sugary1 (su1) in maize (Zea mays L.). The fitness and genetic effects of maize mutant su1 were monitored through five successive selfing generations in two separated mean-generation designs. The first involved two inbreds with similar genetic backgrounds, while unrelated inbreds were used for the second design. Parents, F1s, F2s, and backcrosses were crossed to P39 as the donor of su1 and the 12 crosses were successively self-pollinated for 5 years. The su1 frequency decreased linearly across selfing generations in both designs. Additive effects were significant for su1 seed viability. However, dominance effects were of higher magnitude than additive effects, even though the dominance effects were not significant. Genetic effects depended on genotypes and environments. Therefore, the fitness of su1 is under genetic control, with significant additive effects due to minor contributions of multiple genes. The fitness of su1 is strongly affected by maize genotypic background and environment. It is hypothesized that genotypes could have evolutionary potential for modulating the fitness of single mutations.

Genetic control of B chromosome transmission rate in Zea mays ssp. mays (Poaceae)

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 1107-1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Rosato ◽  
Amilcar M. Chiavarino ◽  
Carlos A. Naranjo ◽  
María J. Puertas ◽  
Lidia Poggio
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
B Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Transmission

Труды по прикладной ботанике, генетике и селекции20 УДК: 575.1/2:576.162(092)И.Н.ГОЛУБОВСКАЯ –СОЗДАТЕЛЬ УНИКАЛЬНОЙ КОЛЛЕКЦИИ МУТАЦИЙ ГЕНОВ МЕЙОЗА У КУКУРУЗЫ И ТАЛАНТЛИВЫЙ ИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ГЕНЕТИКИ МЕЙОЗАЮ.Ф.БогдановИнститут общей генетики им.Н.И.Вавилова, Москва, Россия, e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] РезюмеБолее 40 лет Инна Никитична Голубовская изучала фундаментальную проблему генетического контроля мейоза на материале мейоза кукурузы Zea mays. Из 50 известных генов и их аллелей, контролирующих мейоз в пыльниках и завязях кукурузы, ею открыто более половины и еще большее их число изучено. Начав эти исследования в Институте цитологии и генетики Сибирское отделениеАкадемии наукСССР в 1972 году, И.Н.Голубовская перешла в 1986 году во Всесоюзный научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства им.Н.И.Вавилова, возглавив исследовательскую группу, и в 1993 г. начала сотрудничество с Отделом биологии Университета Северной Дакоты в США, где проводила полевые сезоны. В 1999 году Голубовская была приглашена сотрудничать с Отделом клеточной и молекулярной биологии Калифорнийского университета в Беркли, США. В 2012 году она передала во Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства им. Н.И.Вавилова (ВИР)коллекцию семян линий кукурузы, несущих мутации генов мейоза. При ее активном участии клонированы и изучены на молекулярном уровне основные регуляторные гены мейоза кукурузы и установлено их проявление в ходе мейоза. Заслуги И.Н.Голубовской в изучении генетики кукурузы и генетики мейоза специально отмечены американскими исследователями.Ключевые слова: мейоз, кукуруза, гены, аллели, биография ученого. INNA N. GOLUBOVSKAYA AS THE FOUNDER OF A UNIQUE COLLECTION OF MEIOTIC GENE MUTATIONS IN MAIZE AND A TALENTED RESEARCHER OF THE PROBLEM OF MEIOSIS GENETIC CONTROL

2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-36
Author(s):  
Yu. F. Bogdanov Bogdanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Gene Mutations ◽  
Meiotic Gene ◽  
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