Effects of No. 2 fuel oil water-soluble-fractions on growth and reproduction in Neanthes arenaceodentata (Polychaeta: annelida)

1978 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S. Rossi ◽  
J.W. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Soluble Fractions ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Hydrocarbons Depress Growth and Reproduction of Daphnia pulex (Cladocera)

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Geiger ◽  
A. L. Buikema Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Coal Tar ◽  
Daphnia Pulex ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Soluble Fractions ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Daphnia pulex were acutely and chronically exposed to water-soluble fractions of hydrocarbons. In acute studies, the most-to-least toxic were coal-tar creosote, No. 2 fuel oil, naphthalene, and phenanthrene. During chronic studies, Daphnia were monitored for molting frequency, growth rates, production of total and live young, number of nonviable eggs, partial and full abortions, and whether or not abortions occurred prior to completion of embryonic development. For creosote and phenanthrene, marked reduction occurred in growth rates, number of broods, and impairment of molting, and an increase occurred in abortion rates. No. 2 fuel oil produced similar effects, but results were less significant. Naphthalene only produced a slight reduction in growth rate at the concentrations studied. It is hypothesized that the effect on growth and reproduction may be due to PAH-induced disturbance on some aspect of metabolic control of reproduction and molting.Key words: phenanthrene, naphthalene, creosote, No. 2 fuel oil, Daphnia, toxicity

BIOAVAILABILITY OF PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS FROM WATER, SEDIMENTS, AND DETRITUS TO THE MARINE ANNELID, NEANTHES ARENACEODENTATA

1977 ◽  
Vol 1977 (1) ◽  
pp. 621-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven S. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Magnification Factor ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Sediment Particles ◽  
Marine Worms

ABSTRACT Uptake, retention, metabolism, and depuration of diaromatic hydrocarbons by the polychaete, Neanthes arenaceodentata, were examined in experiments utilizing seawater solutions and sediments contaminated with either No. 2 fuel oil water-soluble fractions or radio-labelled naphthalenes. Polychaetes rapidly accumulate 14C-naphthalene (magnification factor = 40X) from solution during short-term exposure (24 hr). Worms slowly released hydrocarbons accumulated during acute exposure down to undetectable levels (<0.05 ppm) within 300 hours after return to clean seawater. 14C-naphthalene accumulated from solution was metabolized by polychaetes, and associated microflora apparently play no role in uptake, release, or metabolism. Analyses of worms held for 28 days in clay-silt sediments artificially contaminated with No. 2 fuel oil (9 μg total naphthalenes/g wet sediment) indicate that naphthalenes were not accumulated by worms at tissue concentrations above 0.1 ppm. Polychaetes likewise failed to accumulate 14C-methylnaphthalene from ingestion of contaminated detritus (10-15 μg 14C-methylnaphthalene/g dry detritus) for 16 consecutive days. These data suggest that petroleum hydrocarbons bound to sediment particles or particulate organic matter are less available to marine worms than those in solution.

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