Dominant expression of a gene amplification-related herbicide resistance in medicago cell hybrids

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Deak ◽  
Gunter Donn ◽  
Attila Feher ◽  
Denes Dudits
Keyword(s):  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Cell Hybrids

Gene Amplification and Herbicide Resistance

2017 ◽  
pp. 173-184
Author(s):  
Mithila Jugulam ◽  
Karthik Putta ◽  
Vijay K. Varanasi ◽  
Dal-Hoe Koo
Keyword(s):  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Herbicide Resistance

Suppression of gene amplification in human cell hybrids

Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 255 (5050) ◽  
pp. 1425-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tlsty ◽  
A White ◽  
J Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Human Cell ◽  
Cell Hybrids

scholarly journals Extrachromosomal circular DNA-based amplification and transmission of herbicide resistance in crop weedAmaranthus palmeri

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (13) ◽  
pp. 3332-3337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dal-Hoe Koo ◽  
William T. Molin ◽  
Christopher A. Saski ◽  
Jiming Jiang ◽  
Karthik Putta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Gene Copy Number ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Circular Dna ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Meiotic Chromosomes ◽  
Extrachromosomal Elements ◽  
Mitosis And Meiosis

Gene amplification has been observed in many bacteria and eukaryotes as a response to various selective pressures, such as antibiotics, cytotoxic drugs, pesticides, herbicides, and other stressful environmental conditions. An increase in gene copy number is often found as extrachromosomal elements that usually contain autonomously replicating extrachromosomal circular DNA molecules (eccDNAs).Amaranthus palmeri, a crop weed, can develop herbicide resistance to glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] by amplification of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene, the molecular target of glyphosate. However, biological questions regarding the source of the amplifiedEPSPS, the nature of the amplified DNA structures, and mechanisms responsible for maintaining this gene amplification in cells and their inheritance remain unknown. Here, we report that amplifiedEPSPScopies in glyphosate-resistant (GR)A. palmeriare present in the form of eccDNAs with various conformations. The eccDNAs are transmitted during cell division in mitosis and meiosis to the soma and germ cells and the progeny by an as yet unknown mechanism of tethering to mitotic and meiotic chromosomes. We propose that eccDNAs are one of the components of McClintock’s postulated innate systems [McClintock B (1978)Stadler Genetics Symposium] that can rapidly produce soma variation, amplifyEPSPSgenes in the sporophyte that are transmitted to germ cells, and modulate rapid glyphosate resistance through genome plasticity and adaptive evolution.

scholarly journals Survey of glyphosate-, atrazine- and lactofen-resistance mechanisms in Ohio waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) populations

Weed Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brent P. Murphy ◽  
Alvaro S. Larran ◽  
Bruce Ackley ◽  
Mark M. Loux ◽  
Patrick J. Tranel
Keyword(s):  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Herbicide Resistance ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Common Waterhemp ◽  
Amaranthus Tuberculatus

AbstractHerbicide resistance within key driver weeds, such as common waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer var. rudis (Sauer) Costea and Tardif ], constrains available management options for crop production. Routine surveillance for herbicide resistance provides a mechanism to monitor the development and spread of resistant populations over time. Furthermore, the identification and quantification of resistance mechanisms at the population level can provide information that helps growers develop effective management plans. Populations of Amaranthus spp., including A. tuberculatus, redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.), and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson), were collected from 51 fields in Ohio during the 2016 growing season. Twenty-four A. tuberculatus populations were screened for resistance to the herbicides lactofen, atrazine, and glyphosate. Phenotypically resistant plants were further investigated to determine the frequency of known resistance mechanisms. Resistance to lactofen was infrequently observed throughout the populations, with 8 of 22 populations exhibiting resistant plants. Within those eight resistant populations, the ΔG210 resistance mechanism was observed in 17 of 30 phenotypically resistant plants, and the remainder lacked all known resistance mechanisms. Resistance to atrazine was observed in 12 of 15 populations; however, a target-site resistance mechanism was not observed in these populations. Resistance to glyphosate was observed in all populations. Gene amplification was the predominant glyphosate-resistance mechanism (147 of 322 plants) in the evaluated populations. The Pro-106-Ser mutation was identified in 24 plants, half of which also possessed gene amplification. In this study, molecular screening generally underestimated the phenotypically observed resistance. Continued mechanism discovery and marker development is required for improved detection of herbicide resistance through molecular assays.

Novel cytogenetic expression of gene amplification in actinomycin D-resistant somatic cell hybrids: transfer of resistance by centric chromatin bodies

Chromosoma ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 95 (6) ◽  
pp. 408-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Helene Jakobsson ◽  
Ulfur Arnason ◽  
Albert Levan ◽  
Tommy Martinsson ◽  
Charles Hanson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Cell ◽  
Gene Amplification ◽  
Actinomycin D ◽  
Somatic Cell Hybrids ◽  
Cell Hybrids
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