The levels and turnover of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur in the herbage layer: litter and soil of three
central Australian plant communities were investigated, following several years of above-average rainfall,
and the possibility of a relationship between nutrient levels and range condition assessment was examined.
There were only a few positive correlations between range condition and phosphorus levels, and they
were not associated with the susceptibility of different soils to erosional losses. There were no positive
correlations between range condition and the levels of either nitrogen or sulfur.
The herbage and litter layers together, of the three plant communities, contained 30-72 kg ha-1 of total
nitrogen, 4 kg ha-1 of total phosphorus and 4-7 kg ha-1 of total sulfur. These quantities were comparable
to those of arid regions in other parts of the world, but the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur in soils,
estimated by incubation or extraction to be available to plants, were comparatively low. Incubated nitrogen
in the 0-10 cm depth of soils was 9-14 ppm and extractable phosphorus was 3-1 1 ppm. The 0-4 cm depth of
soil contained 0.5-3 ppm extractable sulfur, and concentrations decreased with depth. Total soil nitrogen
was lower than that in other arid regions whereas the amount of organic carbon in soil was comparable, so
that C:N was relatively high.
Substantial withdrawal of nutrients from senescing plant parts and rapid cycling of nutrients through litter
appeared to be responsible for maintaining the level of nutrients in the herbage layer.