Effects of various nitrogen fertilizers on emission of nitrous oxide from soils

1986 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A. Breitenbeck ◽  
J.M. Bremner
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers

Modeling nitrous oxide mitigation potential of enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizers from agricultural systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 149342
Author(s):  
Ram B. Gurung ◽  
Stephen M. Ogle ◽  
F. Jay Breidt ◽  
William J. Parton ◽  
Stephen J. Del Grosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Mitigation Potential ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Mitigation

Nitrous Oxide: Trends and Global Mass Balance Over the Last 3000 Years

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.K. Khalil ◽  
R.A. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Atmospheric Concentration ◽  
Slow Increase

We analyzed ice cores from both northern and southern polar regions to determine the concentrations of nitrous oxide in the pre-industrial and ancient atmospheres from about 150 years to 3000 yearsB.P.We found that the pre-industrial concentration of nitrous oxide remained constant over the period we studied and that the average atmospheric concentration was 285 ± 1 ppb volume (90% confidence limits), representing about 2100 Tg (2100 × 1012g) of N20 in the atmosphere, whereas the average concentration in 1984 was about 307 ppb volume or 2260 Tg. This is a change of 22 ppb volume (160 Tg), or about 8%, between pre-industrial and present times. Now the rate of change is between 0.7 and 0.9 ppb volume/year or 5 and 6.5 Tg/year, which is a slow increase of about 0.3% per year. The changes observed are probably caused by increasing use of fossil fuels, particularly coal and oil, and perhaps to a lesser extent by the use of nitrogen fertilizers in recent years. The atmospheric lifetime of N2O is probably between 100 and 150 years. The pre-industrial concentrations, present levels, and a lifetime of 100 years are consistent with natural sources, mostly soils and oceans, of about 22 Tg/year and the present anthropogenic sources of about 8.7 Tg/year. In the next 50 years we expect nitrous oxide levels to reach 360–390 ppb volume, or about 16–25% more than present.

Enhanced‐efficiency nitrogen fertilizers reduce winter losses of nitrous oxide, but not of ammonia, from no‐till soil in a subtropical agroecosystem

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-428
Author(s):  
Ricardo Henrique Ribeiro ◽  
Marcos Renan Besen ◽  
Priscila Luzia Simon ◽  
Cimelio Bayer ◽  
Jonatas Thiago Piva
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
No Till ◽  
Winter Losses

Nitrous Oxide Emissions from a Golf Course Fairway and Rough after Application of Different Nitrogen Fertilizers

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1788-1795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina L. Gillette ◽  
Yaling Qian ◽  
Ronald F. Follett ◽  
Stephen Del Grosso
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Golf Course

Nitrous oxide production from granular nitrogen fertilizers applied to a silt loam soil

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tenuta and E. G. Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Production

One field and two laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the relative magnitude and pattern of N2O production from several granular N fertilizers including urea, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and, in a laboratory experiment, monoammonium and diammonium phosphates. Several parameters, in particular soil water content, were studied for their roles in N2O production with these fertilizers. The field experiment was conducted at the Elora Research Station (20 km north of Guelph) on Conestoga silt loam during July on a site previously cropped to barley. Three methods were employed to assess N2O production following N fertilizer treatments in the field experiment, viz., soil cover, soil core and profile distribution. The data with each method revealed that incorporated urea produced the greatest quantity of N2O especially in the first few days following application. Shortly after urea application and incorporation (10 cm), N2O was detected at a depth of 50 cm indicating gas produced in the tilled layer was transported to lower depths. Data obtained with the intact core method showed that nitrification preceeded denitrification as the source of N2O produced during a wetting event as air-filled porosity decreased from 65% to less than 50%, respectively. The laboratory experiments showed that under aerobic conditions N2O production was generally greater with urea than the other N fertilizers. The greater production of N2O with urea was associated with N2O-accumulation. In the second laboratory experiment, saturating the soil following 14 d of aerobic incubation showed enhanced N2O production with ammonium phosphate fertilizers. Our findings indicate refinement of methods to predict N2O emissions based on N fertilizer source use and moisture can reduce uncertainties in national estimates of N2O emissions from agricultural soils. Key words: Nitrous oxide production, nitrogen fertilizers, soil atmosphere profiles, nitrification, denitrification, air-filled porosity

scholarly journals Nitrous Oxide: Trends and Global Mass Balance Over the Last 3000 Years

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.K. Khalil ◽  
R.A. Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Anthropogenic Sources ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Atmospheric Concentration ◽  
Slow Increase

We analyzed ice cores from both northern and southern polar regions to determine the concentrations of nitrous oxide in the pre-industrial and ancient atmospheres from about 150 years to 3000 yearsB.P.We found that the pre-industrial concentration of nitrous oxide remained constant over the period we studied and that the average atmospheric concentration was 285 ± 1 ppb volume (90% confidence limits), representing about 2100 Tg (2100 × 1012g) of N20 in the atmosphere, whereas the average concentration in 1984 was about 307 ppb volume or 2260 Tg. This is a change of 22 ppb volume (160 Tg), or about 8%, between pre-industrial and present times. Now the rate of change is between 0.7 and 0.9 ppb volume/year or 5 and 6.5 Tg/year, which is a slow increase of about 0.3% per year. The changes observed are probably caused by increasing use of fossil fuels, particularly coal and oil, and perhaps to a lesser extent by the use of nitrogen fertilizers in recent years. The atmospheric lifetime of N2O is probably between 100 and 150 years. The pre-industrial concentrations, present levels, and a lifetime of 100 years are consistent with natural sources, mostly soils and oceans, of about 22 Tg/year and the present anthropogenic sources of about 8.7 Tg/year. In the next 50 years we expect nitrous oxide levels to reach 360–390 ppb volume, or about 16–25% more than present.

scholarly journals The Dynamics of Nitrous Oxide Emission from the Use of Mineral Fertilizers in Russia

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
A AA. Romanovskaya ◽  
A M.L. Gytarsky ◽  
A R.T. Karaban ◽  
A D.E. Konyushkov ◽  
A I.M. Nazarov
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emission ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen

The intensity of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission was considered based on literature data on the single input of mineral N (nitrogen) fertilizers into different agricultural soil types in Russia. Ambient environmental factors exert a combined effect on the process of gaseous nitrogen formation from fertilizers applied. To reduce the uncertainty of estimates as much as possible, only experimental results obtained under conditions similar to natural were selected for the assessments. Mineral nitric fertilizers were applied to soil at a rate of 40 to 75 kg/ha and the N2O emissions were measured for approximately 140 days. Daily average emission values varied from 0.08 to 0.45% of fertilizer nitrogen. Correspondingly, 1.26 and 2.38% of fertilizer nitrogen were emitted as N2O from chernozems and soddy podzols. In 1990, the use of fertilizers in Russian agricultural practices for 53 Gg N2O-N, which equates to approximately 6.1% of global nitrous oxide emissions from nitric fertilizers. Later, the emission dropped because of a decrease in the input of nitric fertilizers to agricultural crops, and in 1998, it constituted just 20.5% of the 1990 level. In the period from 2008 to 2012, the nitrous oxide emission is expected to vary from 0.5 to 65.0 Gg N2O-N due to possible changes in national agricultural development. In the most likely scenario, the use of mineral fertilizers in Russia will account for approximately 34 to 40 Gg N2O-N emissions annually from 2008�2012.

Multi-site Sensitivity analysis of DNDCv.Can model to predict N2O emissions from German croplands with maize, rapeseed and wheat 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarno Rouhiainen ◽  
Dorothee Neukam ◽  
Rene Dechow ◽  
Rima Rabah Nasser ◽  
Henning Kage
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Process Based Models

<div> <div> <div> <p>Nitrous oxide is an important greenhouse gas. In Germany, around 50% of annual nitrous oxide emissions originate from managed agricultural land. Among other options, the mitigation of nitrous oxide emissions from arable land is one important measure to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of the agricultural sector. Several mitigation options have been examined including reduced application of nitrogen fertilizers, timing of fertilizer applications, crop residue management, pH management or application of nitrification inhibitors. Depending on the underlying natural conditions (soil, climate), these measures vary in their mitigation efficiency.</p> <p>Suitable methods are required to evaluate and quantify mitigation strategies for nitrous oxide emissions at a regional and national scale. For this purpose, several model approaches have been developed ranging from simple stochastic equations to sophisticated process-based models. Because of their reduced input requirements, stochastic approaches like emission factor approaches are common to quantify nitrous oxide emissions and mitigation effects while process based models are promising tools to describe interactions of natural conditions and anthropogenic activities. They have the potential to be more accurate and informative.</p> <p>However, due to the complex nature of N2O producing processes in croplands and the high spatial and temporal variability of N2O fluxes the portability of model developments from one site to another site or the validity of upscaling methods are questionable. We collected available field experimental data measuring nitrous oxide emissions to improve and analyze the prediction accuracy of model approaches in Germany, recently with data of 19 sites and 1251 site years in total and focus on the crop types wheat, maize and rape.</p> <p>Here, we present this data set and show results of model applications and a multi-site sensitivity analyses with the process based model DNDCv.Can. Contrary to other DNDC versions, DNDCvCAN allows to modify a range of internal parameters.</p> <p>We performed sensitivity analyses based on the Morris method by varying 45 model parameters. Each participating site was modeled for a three years period and the simulations were repeated for each parameter 500 times, resulting to 23000 simulations per site. Highest impact on N2O emissions were caused by soil concentrations of humads, humus and black carbon and their related C/N ratios. Surprisingly, N2O emissions showed only minor sensitivites in general on hydrological parameters and</p> </div> </div> </div><div> <div> <div> <p>on parameters related to N cycling in soil profile. Parameters controling macropore flow, nitrifier growth and denitrifier growth made here an exception. Sets of ranked most sensitive parameters varied between sites showing that multi-site sensitivity analyses might be helpful to identify global and local parameters for model calibration and help to assess regional mitigation effects.</p> </div> </div> </div>

Maize production and nitrous oxide emissions from enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yash P. Dang ◽  
Cristina Martinez ◽  
Daniel Smith ◽  
David Rowlings ◽  
Peter Grace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Emissions ◽  
Maize Production
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