Nitrous oxide production from granular nitrogen fertilizers applied to a silt loam soil

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tenuta and E. G. Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Production

One field and two laboratory experiments were conducted to determine the relative magnitude and pattern of N2O production from several granular N fertilizers including urea, ammonium nitrate, calcium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and, in a laboratory experiment, monoammonium and diammonium phosphates. Several parameters, in particular soil water content, were studied for their roles in N2O production with these fertilizers. The field experiment was conducted at the Elora Research Station (20 km north of Guelph) on Conestoga silt loam during July on a site previously cropped to barley. Three methods were employed to assess N2O production following N fertilizer treatments in the field experiment, viz., soil cover, soil core and profile distribution. The data with each method revealed that incorporated urea produced the greatest quantity of N2O especially in the first few days following application. Shortly after urea application and incorporation (10 cm), N2O was detected at a depth of 50 cm indicating gas produced in the tilled layer was transported to lower depths. Data obtained with the intact core method showed that nitrification preceeded denitrification as the source of N2O produced during a wetting event as air-filled porosity decreased from 65% to less than 50%, respectively. The laboratory experiments showed that under aerobic conditions N2O production was generally greater with urea than the other N fertilizers. The greater production of N2O with urea was associated with N2O-accumulation. In the second laboratory experiment, saturating the soil following 14 d of aerobic incubation showed enhanced N2O production with ammonium phosphate fertilizers. Our findings indicate refinement of methods to predict N2O emissions based on N fertilizer source use and moisture can reduce uncertainties in national estimates of N2O emissions from agricultural soils. Key words: Nitrous oxide production, nitrogen fertilizers, soil atmosphere profiles, nitrification, denitrification, air-filled porosity

Nitrous oxide production by manure samples collected from six manure-handling systems

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Tenuta ◽  
D. A. J. Barry ◽  
G. Fairchild ◽  
E G Beauchamp
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Production ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Key Words Nitrous Oxide

Stored manures are often considered to be source of nitrous oxide (N2O). A study was done to identify manure characteristics and handling stages related to N2O production. In two laboratory experiments we investigated the production of N2O from several animal manures collected at different stages of manure handling or locations in stored-manure systems. Denitrifying enzyme activity, denitrification and CO2 production rates and chemical and fibre characteristics of manure samples were also determined. Most samples had low rates of N2O production. Exceptions were open piles of fresh beef manure and the moist surface layer near the base of an open pile of poultry manure. Production of N2O was most highly correlated with nitrite plus nitrate (NO2− + NO3−) content of manure regardless of whether results were expressed on a wet or a dry weight basis. Denitrification was the most probable source of N2O because N2O production with acetylene and denitrifying enzyme activities was higher than N2O production without acetylene. Stored manure is potentially an important source of N2O emissions, particularly when storage conditions are conducive to formation of (NO2− + NO3−). Key words: Nitrous oxide production, denitrification, denitrifying enzyme activity, manure

scholarly journals Nitrous oxide and methane fluxes in south Brazilian gleysol as affected by nitrogen fertilizers

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1653-1665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiléia Acordi Zanatta ◽  
Cimélio Bayer ◽  
Frederico C.B. Vieira ◽  
Juliana Gomes ◽  
Michely Tomazi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
N2o Emission ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Urease Inhibitor ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Fertilizers ◽  
N Sources

Nitrogen fertilizers increase the nitrous oxide (N2O) emission and can reduce the methane (CH4) oxidation from agricultural soils. However, the magnitude of this effect is unknown in Southern Brazilian edaphoclimatic conditions, as well as the potential of different sources of mineral N fertilizers in such an effect. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different mineral N sources (urea, ammonium sulphate, calcium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, Uran, controlled- release N fertilizer, and urea with urease inhibitor) on N2O and CH4 fluxes from Gleysol in the South of Brazil (Porto Alegre, RS), in comparison to a control treatment without a N application. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block with three replications, and the N fertilizer was applied to corn at the V5 growth stage. Air samples were collected from a static chambers for 15 days after the N application and the N2O and CH4 concentration were determined by gas chromatography. The topmost emissions occurred three days after the N fertilizer application and ranged from 187.8 to 8587.4 µg m-2 h-1 N. The greatest emissions were observed for N-nitric based fertilizers, while N sources with a urease inhibitor and controlled release N presented the smallest values and the N-ammonium and amidic were intermediate. This peak of N2O emissions was related to soil NO3--N (R² = 0.56, p < 0.08) when the soil water-filled pore space was up to 70 % and it indicated that N2O was predominantly produced by a denitrification process in the soil. Soil CH4 fluxes ranged from -30.1 µg m-2 h-1 C (absorption) to +32.5 µg m-2 h-1 C (emission), and the accumulated emission in the period was related to the soil NH4+-N concentration (R² = 0.82, p < 0.001), probably due to enzymatic competition between nitrification and metanotrophy processes. Despite both of the gas fluxes being affected by N fertilizers, in the average of the treatments, the impact on CH4 emission (0.2 kg ha-1 equivalent CO2-C ) was a hundredfold minor than for N2O (132.8 kg ha-1 equivalent CO2-C). Accounting for the N2O and CH4 emissions plus energetic costs of N fertilizers of 1.3 kg CO2-C kg-1 N regarding the manufacture, transport and application, we estimated an environmental impact of N sources ranging from 220.4 to 664.5 kg ha-1 CO2 -C , which can only be partially offset by C sequestration in the soil, as no study in South Brazil reported an annual net soil C accumulation rate larger than 160 kg ha-1 C due to N fertilization. The N2O mitigation can be obtained by the replacement of N-nitric sources by ammonium and amidic fertilizers. Controlled release N fertilizers and urea with urease inhibitor are also potential alternatives to N2O emission mitigation to atmospheric and systematic studies are necessary to quantify their potential in Brazilian agroecosystems.

scholarly journals Low nitrous oxide production through nitrifier-denitrification in intermittent-feed high-rate nitritation reactors

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 429-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingxian Su ◽  
Chun Ma ◽  
Carlos Domingo-Félez ◽  
Anne Sofie Kiil ◽  
Bo Thamdrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Nitrifier Denitrification ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Production

scholarly journals Effects of silver nanoparticles on nitrification and associated nitrous oxide production in aquatic environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. e1603229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanling Zheng ◽  
Lijun Hou ◽  
Min Liu ◽  
Silvia E. Newell ◽  
Guoyu Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Production

Denitrification and nitrous oxide production in a coastal marine ecosystem1

1984 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sybil P. Seitzinger ◽  
Scott W. Nixon ◽  
Michael E. Q. Pilson
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Production
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