Dominant pleiotropy controls enzymes co-segregating with paraquat resistance in Conyza bonariensis

1988 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 850-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shaaltiel ◽  
N. -H. Chua ◽  
S. Gepstein ◽  
J. Gressel
Keyword(s):  
Conyza Bonariensis ◽  
Paraquat Resistance

Glyphosate Resistance Is More Variable Than Paraquat Resistance in a Multiple-Resistant Hairy Fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) Population

Weed Science ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo L. Moretti ◽  
Bradley D. Hanson ◽  
Kurt J. Hembree ◽  
Anil Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Variable Response ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
No Till ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis ◽  
Paraquat Resistance ◽  
Resistant Population ◽  
Hairy Fleabane

Reduced control of some glyphosate-resistant hairy fleabane populations with paraquat has raised concerns about evolved multiple resistance to both glyphosate and paraquat. The objective of this study was to confirm the presence of multiple-resistant (glyphosate and paraquat) hairy fleabane populations in California. A series of dose-response experiments was conducted to evaluate the effect of glyphosate and paraquat in a known susceptible (S) and putative multiple-resistant (R) population of hairy fleabane. The greenhouse experiments were conducted during summer, fall, and winter under controlled temperature and natural light conditions. Multiple-resistant hairy fleabane was identified; however, the level of resistance to glyphosate varied substantially among seasons. During the summer, the glyphosate rate required to reduce growth by 50% (GR50) for the R population was 0.94 kg ae ha−1, 5.2-fold more than for the S population. In the fall and winter experiments, however, the R population response to glyphosate was similar to the S population with a GR50of 0.22 kg ae ha−1or less. Multiple-resistant plants were controlled in the fall and winter at rates that did not control the same population during summer. GR50of paraquat varied among seasons (0.94, 0.24, and 0.07 kg ai ha−1during summer, fall, and winter, respectively); however, plant mortality was more consistent. This is the first reported case of glyphosate–paraquat resistance in hairy fleabane and the multiple-resistant population could pose a significant challenge to annual no-till and perennial cropping systems in California. Further research on the mechanisms of resistance and the physiological factors underlying the seasonally variable response to glyphosate is needed.

scholarly journals Paraquat Resistance of Sumatran Fleabane (Conyza sumatrensis)

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.H.S. ZOBIOLE ◽  
V.G.C. PEREIRA ◽  
A.J.P. ALBRECHT ◽  
R.S. RUBIN ◽  
F.S. ADEGAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Multiple Resistance ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Resistance Factors ◽  
First Case ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis ◽  
Western Area ◽  
Paraquat Resistance ◽  
Weed Resistance

ABSTRACT: In Brazil, some populations of Conyza bonariensis and C. canadensis are glyphosate resistant and there are populations of C. sumatrensis (Sumatran fleabane) presenting multiple resistance to both glyphosate and chlorimuron. During the 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 seasons, growers reported failures to control Sumatran fleabane with paraquat. This study investigated the potential of paraquat resistant Sumatran fleabane populations in Paraná state, Brazil. Populations with suspected paraquat resistance were tested in the field in 2016 season. In 2017, seeds from these populations were collected, sown and grown in a greenhouse. Paraquat dose-response curve experiments were performed in Mogi Mirim, SP; Londrina, PR and Palotina, PR using doses of 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1,600 and 3,200 g ha-1, following all standard criteria for confirmation of weed resistance cases. Percentage control was assessed at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application and data were fitted to a nonlinear, log-logistic model, and dose response curves were generated. The results of this study confirmed significant levels of resistance of Sumatran fleabane biotypes to paraquat with resistance factors between 3,57 to 34,29. Therefore, the first case of C. sumatrensis resistance to paraquat was confirmed in biotypes from the western area of Paraná state, Brazil.

Paraquat resistance in a Lolium rigidum population is governed by one major nuclear gene

2009 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 1601-1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Yu ◽  
Heping Han ◽  
Linh Nguyen ◽  
John W. Forster ◽  
Stephen B. Powles
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Paraquat Resistance

scholarly journals Estudos anatômicos de folhas de espécies de plantas daninhas de grande ocorrência no Brasil: III - Galinsoga parviflora, Crotalaria incana, Conyza bonariensis e Ipomoea cairica

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.O. Procópio ◽  
E.A. Ferreira ◽  
E.A.M. Silva ◽  
A.A. Silva ◽  
R.J.N. Rufino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conyza Bonariensis

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a anatomia das folhas das espécies de plantas daninhas de grande ocorrência no Brasil: Galinsoga parviflora, Crotalaria incana, Conyza bonariensis e Ipomoea cairica, visando melhor entendimento sobre as barreiras que cada espécie impõe à penetração dos herbicidas e, assim, fornecer subsídios à busca de estratégias para superar esses obstáculos. As folhas completamente expandidas do terceiro ao quinto nó foram coletadas de plantas de ocorrência espontânea no campo. Das folhas de cada espécie foram obtidas três amostras da região central, com aproximadamente 1 cm², as quais foram utilizadas em estudos da estrutura e clarificação e em observações em microscópio eletrônico de varredura (MEV). Todas as espécies avaliadas são anfiestomáticas. A principal barreira foliar potencial à penetração de herbicidas observada na planta daninha G. parviflora foi a baixa densidade estomática na face adaxial. C. incana apresentou como possível principal obstáculo foliar à penetração de herbicidas o alto teor de cera epicuticular. Já em relação a C. bonariensis, alta densidade tricomática, grande espessura da cutícula da face adaxial e baixa densidade estomática na face adaxial foram as principais barreiras detectadas. Grande espessura da cutícula da face adaxial e baixa densidade estomática na face adaxial foram os possíveis obstáculos constatados nas folhas de I. cairica.

Lack of Cross-Resistance of Paraquat-Resistant Hairy Fleabane (Conyza bonariensis) to Other Toxic Oxygen Generators Indicates Enzymatic Protection is Not the Resistance Mechanism

Weed Science ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin C. Vaughn ◽  
Martin A. Vaughan ◽  
Patrick Camilleri
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Oxygen Generator ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis ◽  
Singlet Oxygen Generator ◽  
Chlorophyll Bleaching ◽  
Direct Measures ◽  
Hairy Fleabane

Cross-resistance of the paraquat-resistant (R) hairy fleabane to other compounds that accept electrons from photosystem I (PSI) or produce toxic oxygen species was determined by chlorophyll loss, electron microscopy, and chlorophyll fluorescence suppression. Although the R bioype is approximately 100 x more resistant to paraquat than the susceptible (S) biotype based upon the assays for tissue damage, little or no cross-resistance was observed to a number of other PSI electron acceptors, including the bipyridilium herbicide morfamquat. A low level of resistance (approximately 10-fold) was noted to diquat and the singlet oxygen generator rose bengal. As measured by chlorophyll fluorescence suppression, the R biotype was about 100-fold resistant to paraquat, but only 10-fold resistant to diquat, and exhibited no resistance to morfamquat. Because differences observed with this protocol are direct measures of the ability of the herbicide to reach the active site and the results correlate with the level of resistance observed by chlorophyll bleaching or electron microscopy, these data suggest that compartmentalization is the major factor in paraquat resistance in hairy fleabane.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of Soil and Vegetation in the Urban Habitats of New Industrial Cities in the Desert Landscape of Egypt

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monier Abd EL-GHANI ◽  
Reinhard BORNKAMM ◽  
Nadia EL-SAWAF ◽  
Hamdiya TURKY
Keyword(s):  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Public Gardens ◽  
The Public ◽  
Leptochloa Fusca ◽  
Sonchus Oleraceus ◽  
Industrial Cities ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis ◽  
Thymelaea Hirsuta ◽  
Plantago Lagopus

The relationship between vegetation and soil supporting the habitats in 4 new industrial cities were assessed. Five main habitats were distinguished from inner city toward outskirts: lawns, home gardens, public gardens, waste lands and desert outskirts. After application of Twinspan, 26 vegetation groups were identified in the 5 recognized habitats, demonstrating that some groups are chatracteristic of a certain city, e.g. Asphodelus aestivus - Deverra tortuosa - Thymelaea hirsuta group was confined to the desert habitat of Burg El-Arab city; Thymelaea hirsuta - Linaria albifrons and Atriplex halimus - Atriplex lindleyi subsp. inflata - Suaeda vermiculata - Typha domingensis groups were found in the waste lands of Burg El-Arab city; Conyza bonariensis - Cynodon dactylon - Sonchus oleraceus group in the home garden habitat of 10th Ranadan city; Cynodon dactylon group in the lawns of Burg El-Arab city; Bassia indica - Plantago major group in the public gardens of Burg El-Arab city; Oxalis corniculata - Plantago lagopus group in the public gardens of 10th Ramadan city; Sonchus oleraceus - Cynodon dactylon and Dactyloctenium aegyptium - Leptochloa fusca - Phragmites australis groups in the public gardens of 6th October city. Silt, clay, organic matter, carbonates and carbon contents showed significant diffrences among the 5 habitats.

SENSITIVITY AND ADAPTATION OF SELECTED RHIZOBIA AND AGROBACTERIA TO PARAQUAT

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 555-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. B. ROSLYCKY
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Agrobacterium Radiobacter ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Plant Symbiont ◽  
Paraquat Resistance ◽  
Rhizobium Lupini ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Slow Growing

Sensitivity to paraquat as function of growth varied considerably among 15 rhizobia from seven cross-inoculation groups and 13 agrobacteria from five different species. No relationship was evident between the sensitivity and the "fast-growing" or the "slow-growing" characteristics among the rhizobia. The agrobacteria were uniformly less sensitive. Maximum stabilized paraquat resistance induced by the adptations ranged from 200 μg paraquat∙mL−1 in Rhizobium lupini 112, to 20 000 μg paraquat∙mL−1 in Agrobacterium radiobacter R-590 and A. tumefaciens A6-K1. No relationship was found between the sensitivity and the adaptability. Identical lytic patterns with six bacteriophages confirmed the relationship between the adapted and parent cultures suggesting no genetic effect of paraquat on susceptibility to lysis. The bacteria-plant symbiont interaction, including nodulation, plant weight, vigor and color, was unaffected by the adaptations to paraquat resistance. Similarly, the adaptations exerted no effect on tumorigenicity of A. tumefaciens A6-K1. Key words: Rhizobia, agrobacteria, adaptation, herbicides, paraquat, N2-fixation

Uncoupling of Longevity and Paraquat Resistance in Mutants of the NematodeCaenorhabditis elegans

2005 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 2015-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michihiko FUJII ◽  
Nanae TANAKA ◽  
Kensuke MIKI ◽  
Mohammad Nazir HOSSAIN ◽  
Morio ENDOH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paraquat Resistance
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