Interspecific somatic hybridization between lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and wild species L. virosa

1991 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Etsuo Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Interspecific Somatic Hybridization

Interspecific somatic hybridization betweenSolanum tuberosum L. andS. bulbocastanum dun. as a means of transferring nematode resistance

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Austin ◽  
J. D. Pohlman ◽  
C. R. Brown ◽  
H. Mojtahedi ◽  
G. S. Santo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Nematode Resistance ◽  
Interspecific Somatic Hybridization

Seed pod shattering in the genus Lotus (Fabaceae): A synthesis of diverse evidence

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Pod Shattering ◽  
Seed Loss ◽  
High Heritability ◽  
Bridge Species ◽  
Interspecific Somatic Hybridization

Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) is a perennial dehiscent species with an indeterminate growth habit. Pod shattering has been a major problem as seed loss is high due to the continuous flowering and time of pod maturity. The anatomy of the pod plays a role in pod shattering. A change in the orientation of the cells in the pericarp in which unequal swelling and shrinkage occur and a lower lignification of the mesocarp have been considered as major causes. The relative humidity (RH) at the time of harvest is also a major factor. The critical RH for dehiscence varies with genotypes between 35 and 49%. Pod dehiscence is uncorrelated with plants grown to maturity under green house conditions and the same plants grown in the field. Management practices (timing of the harvest, clipping early in the season, misting, mowing and turning the windrow during drying, desiccants) have not been successful to control pod shattering. Shattering resistance is a character of high heritability and in Lotus is considered to be controlled by more than one gene. Breeding to reduce shattering through recurrent selection has been unsuccessful. Attempts to transfer the indehiscent seed pod trait from distantly related indehiscent species via interspecific hybridization, diploid bridge species, amphidiploidy, and backcrossing to birdsfoot trefoil, or similarly by interspecific somatic hybridization, have shown promise. The molecular approach has so far not been attempted but since genetic transformation can be carried out in Lotus, this avenue should be investigated. Key words: Birdsfoot trefoil, Lotus corniculatus, indehiscence, dehiscence, pod shattering, interspecific and somatic hybridization

Interspecific somatic hybridization in potato by protoplast electrofusion

Plant Science ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Serraf ◽  
Darasinh Sihachakr ◽  
Georges Ducreux ◽  
Spencer C. Brown ◽  
Michè;e Allot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Protoplast Electrofusion ◽  
Interspecific Somatic Hybridization

scholarly journals Sequence of the Mitochondrial Genome of Lactuca virosa Suggests an Unexpected Role in Lactuca sativa’s Evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Fertet ◽  
Stéfanie Graindorge ◽  
Sandrine Koechler ◽  
Gert-Jan de Boer ◽  
Emilie Guilloteau-Fonteny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intraspecies Variation ◽  
Lactuca Saligna ◽  
Lactuca Virosa ◽  
Lactuca Serriola ◽  
Direct Ancestor

The involvement of the different Lactuca species in the domestication and diversification of cultivated lettuce is not totally understood. Lactuca serriola is considered as the direct ancestor and the closest relative to Lactuca sativa, while the other wild species that can be crossed with L. sativa, Lactuca virosa, and Lactuca saligna, would have just contributed to the latter diversification of cultivated typologies. To contribute to the study of Lactuca evolution, we assembled the mtDNA genomes of nine Lactuca spp. accessions, among them three from L. virosa, whose mtDNA had not been studied so far. Our results unveiled little to no intraspecies variation among Lactuca species, with the exception of L. serriola where the accessions we sequenced diverge significantly from the mtDNA of a L. serriola accession already reported. Furthermore, we found a remarkable phylogenetic closeness between the mtDNA of L. sativa and the mtDNA of L. virosa, contrasting to the L. serriola origin of the nuclear and plastidial genomes. These results suggest that a cross between L. virosa and the ancestor of cultivated lettuce is at the origin of the actual mitochondrial genome of L. sativa.

Identification, genetic localization, and allelic diversity of selectively amplified microsatellite polymorphic loci in lettuce and wild relatives (Lactuca spp.)

Genome ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 923-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Witsenboer ◽  
R. W. Michelmore ◽  
J. Vogel
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Polymorphic Locus ◽  
Allelic Diversity ◽  
Pcr Primers ◽  
Null Alleles ◽  
Rflp Markers ◽  
Compound Microsatellite ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Interspecific Comparisons

Selectively amplified microsatellite polymorphic locus (SAMPL) analysis is a method of amplifying microsatellite loci using generic PCR primers. SAMPL analysis uses one AFLP primer in combination with a primer complementary to microsatellite sequences. SAMPL primers based on compound microsatellite sequences provided the clearest amplification patterns. We explored the potential of SAMPL analysis in lettuce to detect PCR-based codominant microsatellite markers. Fifty-eight SAMPLs were identified and placed on the genetic map. Seventeen were codominant. SAMPLs were dispersed with RFLP markers on 11 of the 12 main linkage groups in lettuce, indicating that they have a similar genomic distribution. Some but not all fragments amplified by SAMPL analysis were confirmed to contain microsatellite sequences by Southern hybridization. Forty-five cultivars of lettuce and five wild species of Lactuca were analyzed to determine the allelic diversity for codominant SAMPLs. From 3 to 11 putative alleles were found for each SAMPL; 2–6 alleles were found within Lactuca sativa and 1–3 alleles were found among the crisphead genotypes, the most genetically homogeneous plant type of L. sativa. This allelic diversity is greater than that found for RFLP markers. Numerous new alleles were observed in the wild species; however, there were frequent null alleles. Therefore, SAMPL analysis is more applicable to intraspecific than to interspecific comparisons. A phenetic analysis based on SAMPLs resulted in a dendrogram similar to those based on RFLP and AFLP markers.Key words: microsatellite, Lactuca sativa, genetic variation, molecular marker.

Interspecific somatic hybridization between Brassica napus and Brassica hirta (Sinapis alba L.)

1988 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 546-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Primard ◽  
F. Vedel ◽  
C. Mathieu ◽  
G. Pelletier ◽  
A. M. Ch�vre
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Sinapis Alba ◽  
Brassica Hirta ◽  
Sinapis Alba L ◽  
Interspecific Somatic Hybridization

scholarly journals Analysis of Cytosine Methylation in Genomic DNA of Solanum × michoacanum (+) S. tuberosum Somatic Hybrids

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Paulina Smyda-Dajmund ◽  
Jadwiga Śliwka ◽  
Clizia Villano ◽  
Marta Janiszewska ◽  
Riccardo Aversano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Cytosine Methylation ◽  
Somatic Hybridization ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Somatic Hybrids ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Interspecific Somatic Hybridization

Interspecific somatic hybridization is a noteworthy breeding strategy that allows the production of novel genetic variability when crossing barriers exist between two parental species. Although the genetic consequences of somatic hybridization have been well documented, little is known on its impact at the epigenetic level. The objective of our research was to investigate the epigenetic changes, in particular DNA methylation, occurring in a population of potato somatic hybrids. The analysis of 96 Solanum × michoacanum (+) S. tuberosum somatic hybrids from five fusion combinations and their parents was carried out by methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. Six MSAP primer combinations generated 622 unique bands, of which 295 were fully methylated. HPLC analysis showed from 15.5% to 16.9% total cytosine methylation within the parental forms. Overall, the MSAP and HPLC methods indicated an increase in DNA methylation in the somatic hybrids in comparison to their parents. Among the latter, a lower degree of DNA methylation in the wild S. × michoacanum species than S. tuberosum was found. Our findings indicated that somatic hybridization changed the level of cytosine methylation in the studied potato somatic hybrids.

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