Presence of a pineal nerve in sheep and rabbit fetuses

1975 ◽  
Vol 158 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M�ller ◽  
K. M�llg�rd ◽  
J.E. Kimble
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Fetuses ◽  
Pineal Nerve

HISTOLOGY AND HISTOCHEMISTRY OF THE PINEAL ORGAN IN THE SOCKEYE SALMON, ONCORHYNCHUS NERKA WALBAUM

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Hafeez ◽  
P. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Pineal Organ ◽  
Subcommissural Organ ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Supporting Cells ◽  
Dependent Behavior ◽  
Aldehyde Fuchsin ◽  
Pineal Nerve ◽  
The Brain

The morphohistology and some histochemical aspects of the pineal organ in the sockeye salmon were studied. The distal part of the organ lies in a pineal fossa in the cranial roof. Photosensory cells and two kinds of ependymal supporting cells are present throughout its epithelium, which is entirely devoid of either melanin or lipofuchsin. Besides sensory nerve fibers, efferent end-loops are present on the photosensory as well as the supporting cells. The dorsal pineal nerve tract probably contains both sensory and efferent fibers. The apocrine secretion of sensory as well as some supporting cells is probably associated with either the maintenance of a constant chemical composition of the cerebrospinal fluid or with supply of certain chemical substances to the brain tissue. The secretion in the pineal and the subcommissural organ consists of glycogen, mucopolysaccharides, mucoproteins, and aldehyde fuchsin positive granules.It is proposed that the pineal organ is photosensory as well as secretory and that its photosensitivity might be of some significance in the light-dependent behavior of this species in terms of intensity detection.

ACCELERATED PULMONARY SURFACTANT AFTER INTRAUTERINE INFECTION IN THE FETAL RABBIT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 655-659
Author(s):  
Robert V. Kotas
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Secondary Effect ◽  
Lung Maturation ◽  
Air Breathing ◽  
Rabbit Fetuses ◽  
Pressure Stability

Intrauterine inoculation of Staphylococcus aureus into 24-day rabbit fetuses resulted in changes in lung maturation at 27 days comparable to those seen after glucocorticoid injection. The lungs of infected litters had increased low pressure stability and distensibility with decreased surface tension upon compression, and resembled 29- to 30-day control lungs. Although intrauterine infection is found to be harmful to the fetus, it may have a secondary effect of preparing a fetus for premature air breathing.

scholarly journals Effect of Reconstituted Pulmonary Surfactant Containing the 6000-Dalton Hydrophobic Protein on Lung Compliance of Prematurely Delivered Rabbit Fetuses

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou-Haw Yu ◽  
Duncan Wallace ◽  
Bhagu Bhavnani ◽  
Goran Enhorning ◽  
Paul G R Harding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Lung Compliance ◽  
Hydrophobic Protein ◽  
Rabbit Fetuses

MODE OF ACTION OF PINEAL NERVE FIBERS IN FROGS

1962 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eberhard Dodt ◽  
Ewald Heerd
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Pineal Nerve

Intrauterine growth restriction modifies the normal gene expression in kidney from rabbit fetuses

2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (11) ◽  
pp. 899-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Horacio Figueroa ◽  
Mauricio Lozano ◽  
Cristian Suazo ◽  
Elisenda Eixarch ◽  
Sebastian E. Illanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Rabbit Fetuses ◽  
Intrauterine Growth ◽  
Normal Gene

Neural elements in the pineal complex of the frog, Rana esculenta, II: GABA-immunoreactive neurons and FMRFamide-immunoreactive efferent axons

1990 ◽  
Vol 4 (05) ◽  
pp. 399-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ekström ◽  
T. östholm ◽  
H. Meissl ◽  
A. Bruun ◽  
J.G. Richards ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pineal Organ ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Rana Esculenta ◽  
Posterior Commissure ◽  
Major Pathway ◽  
Pineal Complex ◽  
Frontal Organ ◽  
Pineal Nerve ◽  
Rostral Portion ◽  
Immunoreactive Axons

AbstractThe photosensory pineal complex of anurans comprises an extracranial part, the frontal organ, and an intracranial part, the pineal organ proper. Although the pineal organ functions mainly as a luminosity detector, the frontal organ monitor the relative proportions of short and intermediate/long wavelengths in the ambient illumination. The major pathway of information processing in the pineal and frontal organs is the photoreceptor to ganglion cell synapse. It is not known whether interneurons form part of the neural circuitry. In the present study, we demonstrate GABA-immunoreactive (GABA-IR) neurons in the pineal and frontal organs of the frog,Rana esculenta. No GABA-IR axons were observed in the pineal nerve between the frontal and pineal organs, or in the pineal tract that connects the pineal complex with the brain. The GABA-IR neurons differed in morphology from centrally projecting neurons visualized by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase. Thus, we suggest that the GABA-IR neurons in the pineal and frontal organs represent local interneurons.Axons of central origin, immunoreactive with a sensitive antiserum against the tetrapeptide Phe-Met-Phe-Arg-NH2(FMRFamide), were observed in the intracranial portion of the photosensory pineal organ. The immunoreactive axons enter the caudal pole of the pineal organ via the posterior commissure. The largest density of axons was observed in the caudal part, while fewer axons were detected in the rostral portion. The uneven distribution of the FMRFamide-immunoreactive axons may be related to the distribution of different types of intrapineal neurons. FMRFamide-immunoreactive varicose axons were observed in the extracranial frontal organ. A central innervation of the pineal organ, previously known exclusively from amniotes, is probably notper selinked with the evolutionary transition of the pineal organ from a directly photosensory organ to a neuroendocrine organ. It could rather represent a centrifugal input to a sensory system which has been retained when the directly sensory functions have changed, during phylogency, to neuroendocrine functions.

scholarly journals Electrocardiogram in Rabbit Fetuses

1963 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANTHONY J. SAEZ ◽  
JOHN V. BASMAJIAN
Keyword(s):  
Rabbit Fetuses
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