Regulation of parental effort in a long-lived seabird an experimental manipulation of the cost of reproduction in the antarctic petrel, Thalassoica antarctica

1993 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernt-Erik S�ther ◽  
Reidar Andersen ◽  
HansChristian Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Reproduction ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Parental Effort ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Petrel

Increase of parental effort in experimentally enlarged broods of Pallid Swifts

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1387-1395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Cucco ◽  
Giorgio Malacarne
Keyword(s):  
Brood Size ◽  
Prey Availability ◽  
Cost Of Reproduction ◽  
Parental Effort ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Brooding Period ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Cost

Variation in parental effort of Pallid Swifts (Apus pallidus) was investigated for 3 years in a colony in northwestern Italy. The masses of adults and of bolus loads brought to chicks were monitored by electronic balances inserted under nests, and feeding rates were monitored by video cameras. Fluctuations in daily food availability were measured with an insect-suction trap. Manipulation experiments on broods originally consisting of three chicks were performed to increase (four chicks) or reduce (two chicks) adult effort, with the aim of determining if parents tend to allocate food primarily to themselves or to their offspring, and if mass loss in adults results from reproductive stress or from adaptive programmed anorexia. With the enlargement of brood size, mean bolus mass remained constant, but the visitation rate increased significantly. Daily food abundance did not influence the amount of food allocated to chicks (neither time spent foraging nor the bolus mass changed), but positively influenced the mass of adults, which showed large daily variations. These results indicate that parents tend to invest constantly in offspring, at their own expense when food is scarce. Our data lend support to the cost of reproduction hypothesis instead of adaptive anorexia, since adults lose mass mainly in the brooding period, when demand is highest, and always regain mass when prey availability is greater.

scholarly journals Tri-axial accelerometry shows differences in energy expenditure and parental effort throughout the breeding season in long-lived raptors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascual LÓPEZ-LÓPEZ ◽  
Arturo M PERONA ◽  
Olga EGEA-CASAS ◽  
Jon ETXEBARRIA MORANT ◽  
Vicente URIOS
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Biparental Care ◽  
Breeding Ecology ◽  
Parental Effort ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Movement Trajectories

Abstract Cutting-edge technologies are extremely useful to develop new workflows in studying ecological data, particularly to understand animal behaviour and movement trajectories at the individual level. Although parental care is a well-studied phenomenon, most studies have been focused on direct observational or video recording data, as well as experimental manipulation. Therefore, what happens out of our sight still remains unknown. Using high-frequency GPS/GSM dataloggers and tri-axial accelerometers we monitored 25 Bonelli’s eagles (Aquila fasciata) during the breeding season to understand parental activities from a broader perspective. We used recursive data, measured as number of visits and residence time, to reveal nest attendance patterns of biparental care with role specialization between sexes. Accelerometry data interpreted as the Overall Dynamic Body Acceleration, a proxy of energy expenditure, showed strong differences in parental effort throughout the breeding season and between sexes. Thereby, males increased substantially their energetic requirements, due to the increased workload, while females spent most of the time on the nest. Furthermore, during critical phases of the breeding season, a low percentage of suitable hunting spots in eagles’ territories led them to increase their ranging behaviour in order to find food, with important consequences in energy consumption and mortality risk. Our results highlight the crucial role of males in raptor species exhibiting biparental care. Finally, we exemplify how biologging technologies are an adequate and objective method to study parental care in raptors as well as to get deeper insight into breeding ecology of birds in general.

Regulation of parental investment in the Antarctic petrel Thalassoica antarctica: an exchange experiment

Polar Biology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reidar Andersen ◽  
Bernt-Erik S�ther ◽  
HansChr. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Parental Investment ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Petrel

MEASURING THE COST OF REPRODUCTION: A COMMENT ON PAPERS BY BELL

Evolution ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1338-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
David N. Reznick ◽  
Elgin Perry ◽  
Joseph Travis
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Reproduction ◽  
The Cost

Testing the cost of reproduction with the rotifer Brachionus patulus at different pH levels

Limnology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Wang Yin ◽  
Cui Juan Niu
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Reproduction ◽  
The Cost

The cost of reproduction in the glaucous-winged gull

Oecologia ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. V. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Cost Of Reproduction ◽  
The Cost

scholarly journals The evolutionary convergence of avian lifestyles and their constrained coevolution with species' ecological niche

2015 ◽  
Vol 282 (1821) ◽  
pp. 20151808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paola Laiolo ◽  
Javier Seoane ◽  
Juan Carlos Illera ◽  
Giulia Bastianelli ◽  
Luis María Carrascal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Cost Of Reproduction ◽  
Phenotypic Evolution ◽  
Realized Niche ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Species Variability

The fit between life histories and ecological niche is a paradigm of phenotypic evolution, also widely used to explain patterns of species co-occurrence. By analysing the lifestyles of a sympatric avian assemblage, we show that species' solutions to environmental problems are not unbound. We identify a life-history continuum structured on the cost of reproduction along a temperature gradient, as well as habitat-driven parental behaviour. However, environmental fit and trait convergence are limited by niche filling and by within-species variability of niche traits, which is greater than variability of life histories. Phylogeny, allometry and trade-offs are other important constraints: lifetime reproductive investment is tightly bound to body size, and the optimal allocation to reproduction for a given size is not established by niche characteristics but by trade-offs with survival. Life histories thus keep pace with habitat and climate, but under the limitations imposed by metabolism, trade-offs among traits and species' realized niche.

The cost of reproduction in women: Reproductive effort and oxidative stress in premenopausal and postmenopausal American women

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. e23069 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ziomkiewicz ◽  
Amara Frumkin ◽  
Yawei Zhang ◽  
Amelia Sancilio ◽  
Richard G. Bribiescas
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reproductive Effort ◽  
Cost Of Reproduction ◽  
American Women ◽  
The Cost ◽  
And Oxidative Stress
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