Localization of avian LHRH-immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamus of the domestic fowl, Gallus domesticus, and the Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix

1988 ◽  
Vol 251 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shin-ichi Mikami ◽  
Shizuhiro Yamada ◽  
Yoshihisa Hasegawa ◽  
Kaoru Miyamoto
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Domestic Fowl ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix

Effect of beta-Carotene Supplementation on Plasma and Yolk IgY Levels Induced by NDV Vaccination in Japanese Quail

2003 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiss ◽  
Bárdos ◽  
Szabó ◽  
Lengyel ◽  
Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Japanese Quail ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Group A ◽  
Higher Doses

Newly hatched Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) chicks were fed diets containing different levels of retinoids (vitamin A) or beta-carotene. Group A received a commercial diet containing 10000 IU vitamin A per kilogram. The diets of Groups B, C, and D contained no vitamin A but were supplemented with 1-, 2.5-, and 5-fold retinol equivalents of beta-carotene. Each group contained 16 quails in a 1:1 sex ratio. At 8 weeks of age the quails were immunized orally with Newcastle disease virus (NDV) vaccine according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Boosters were given three times at two-week intervals. Blood samples were taken at two-week intervals until 14 weeks of age. The anti-NDV IgY titre was determined by a locally developed direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Groups A and B showed nearly the same antibody response. This indicates that the preformed vitamin A and the equivalent beta-carotene have the same immunomodulatory effect. Groups receiving higher doses of beta-carotene (Groups C and D) exhibited significantly higher plasma IgY levels compared to Groups A and B. The results indicate that elevated doses of beta-carotene have a slight effect on the adaptive immune response in Japanese quail.

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