Existence of noradrenalin cells and serotonin cells in the pituitary gland of Rana catesbeiana

1983 ◽  
Vol 228 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kondo ◽  
I. Nagatsu ◽  
M. Yoshida ◽  
N. Karasawa ◽  
T. Nagatsu
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Serotonin Cells

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning and Expression of Prohormone Convertases PC1 and PC2 in the Pituitary Gland of the Bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana

2003 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1139-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichi Yaoi ◽  
Masakazu Suzuki ◽  
Hideaki Tomura ◽  
Sakae Kikuyama ◽  
Shigeyasu Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Molecular Cloning ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Cloning And Expression ◽  
Prohormone Convertases

scholarly journals Characterization of the Cholecystokinin and Gastrin Genes from the Bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana: Evolutionary Conservation of Primary and Secondary Sites of Gene Expression

Endocrinology ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 1719-1727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian J. Rourke ◽  
Jens F. Rehfeld ◽  
Morten Møller ◽  
Anders H. Johnsen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Peptide Family

Abstract The gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) genes, and the complementary DNAs they encode, have been isolated and sequenced from the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana. The CCK gene promoter region possess the same four well characterized transcriptional control elements as the human CCK gene, namely an E-box, AP-1 binding site, Sp1 site, and TATA box. In contrast, no obvious regulatory motifs are conserved in the gastrin gene. Alignment of the bullfrog preprohormone sequences with other members of the CCK/gastrin peptide family showed that preproCCK has been conserved to a greater degree during evolution than preprogastrin. In mammalian species, gastrin gene expression is typically associated with the antrum, and CCK with the small intestine and brain. However numerous secondary sites of CCK/gastrin gene expression have also been found. RT-PCR showed a high degree of conservation of both primary and secondary sites of CCK/gastrin production between mammals and the bullfrog, with gastrin messenger RNA being detected in the antrum, duodenum, colon, pancreas, brain, and testes, whereas CCK mRNA was observed in the brain, lung, testes, and throughout the length of the small intestine. In situ hybridization using radiolabeled gene specific antisense oligonucleotides uncovered CCK and gastrin messenger RNA in distinct areas of the bullfrog central nervous system and pituitary gland. Notably, the gastrin gene was expressed in the pituitary gland and hypothalamus of the bullfrog, as previously seen in mammals. This highly preserved tissue expression pattern suggests that gastrin plays specific roles in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland that are distinct from those of CCK. Our findings show that in spite of the structural resemblance, bullfrog CCK and gastrin constitute independent neuroendocrine peptide systems.

The alpha-subunit of glycoprotein hormones exists in the prolactin secretory granules of the bullforg (Rana catesbeiana) pituitary gland

1992 ◽  
Vol 267 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyasu Tanaka ◽  
Fumihiko Mizutani ◽  
Kazutoshi Yamamoto ◽  
Saka� Kikuyama ◽  
Kazumasa Kurosumi
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Alpha Subunit ◽  
Glycoprotein Hormones

Vesicular system associated with spermiogenesis of bullfrog

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 818-819
Author(s):  
K. C. Liu ◽  
S. F. Tsay
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Microscopic Study ◽  
Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Seminiferous Tubule ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Routine Procedure ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Twisted Tubules ◽  
Electron Lucent

In the histologic and electron microscopic study of the male reproductive system of bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, a vesicular system associated with spermiogenesis was observed. It appeared in the lumenal space of the seminiferous tubule (Fig. 1), in the heads of spermatids (Fig. 2), associated with the chromatins of the spermatid (Fig. 4). As deduced from sections, this vesicular system consisted of vesicles of various size or a large group of waving and twisted tubules (Fig. 3), After routine procedure of treatment for electron microscopy, the lumens of both of the vesicles and tubules were electron lucent.In human, vesicles and vesicular system associated with reproductive cell and tissue were reported. In abnormal spermiogenesis, flower-like body, actually vesicles, and giant vesicle associated with the head of spermatid were observed. In both cases the number of vesicle was limited from a single one to a few.

Improved immunolabelling of ultrathin cryosections using antibody conjugated with 1nm gold particles

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 928-929
Author(s):  
Morten H. Nielsen ◽  
Lone Bastholm
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Electron Density ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Cytochemical Staining ◽  
Gold Particles ◽  
Labelling Density ◽  
Ultrathin Cryosections ◽  
Mouse Pituitary ◽  
Electron Microscopical

During the last 5 years the diameter of the gold probes used for immuno-cytochemical staining at the electron microscopical (EM) level has been decreased. The advantage of small diameter gold probes is an overall increased labelling density. The disadvantage is a lower detectability due to the low electron density of smaller gold particles consequently an inconvenient high primary magnification needed for EM examination. Since 1 nm gold particles are barely visible by conventional EM examination the need for enlargement by silverenhancement of the gold particles has increased.In the present study of ultrathin cryosectioned material the results of immunostaining using 5 nm gold conjugated antibody and 1 nm gold conjugated antibodies are compared after silverenhancement of the 1 nm gold particles.Slices of freshly isolated mouse pituitary gland were immersion fixed for 20 min in 2 % glutaraldehyde /2 % paraformaldehyde. Blocks cryoprotected with 2.3 M sucrose were frozen in liquid nitrogen and ultra-cryosectioned on a RMC cryoultra-microtome.

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