Influence of a specific xyloglucan-nonasaccharide derived from cell walls of suspension-cultured cells of Daucus carota L. on regenerating carrot protoplasts

Planta ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 182 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Emmerling ◽  
HannsUlrich Seitz
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Suspension Cultured Cells ◽  
Carrot Protoplasts

Characterization and Properties of Different Glucosyltransferases Isolated from Suspension-Cultured Cells of Daucus carota

1986 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Ingold ◽  
Hanns Ulrich Seitz
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Test System ◽  
Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Nucleotide Sugars ◽  
Glucan Chain ◽  
Glucan Synthesis

Particulate enzymes (14,000 g pellet) from suspension-cultured carrot cells (Daucus carota L.) incorporated glucose from UDP-glucose and GDP-glucose into ethanol-insoluble products which were characterized as glucans or glucoprotein. Based on the test system to assay glucansynthe- tases I and II four different enzymatic activities could be distinguished on the basis of their substrate and divalent cation requirements, the influence of active substances such as nucleotides, nucleotide sugars, cellobiose, and in vivo inhibitors of cell wall glucan synthesis, their distribution in linear sucrose gradient and the nature of their products. The enzymatic activities which incor­porated glucose from UDP-glucose or GDP-glucose at low substrate concentrations (10 -6 ᴍ) were both localized in membranes of a density of 1.129 g em-3 (Golgi membranes) and synthesized a β-1,4-glucan chain. Both showed similar properties in most of the characterization experiments. The glucosyltransferase that catalysed the formation of a β-1,3-glucan from UDP-glucose (0.48 mᴍ) was found in membranes which accumulated at a density of 1.170 g · cm-3 (plasma membrane) and differed in its properties from the Golgi-localized glucosyltransferase activities in many aspects. A soluble glucosyltransferase (175,000 × g supernatant) which was also active at low concentrations of UDP-glucose (10-6 ᴍ) but showed enhanced activity under conditions where the other glucosyltransferases were inactive incorporated glucose into a proteinase-sensi­tive product. In linear sucrose gradients this enzyme migrated to different gradient densities depending on conditions.

Observations on growth and morphogenesis in cultured cells of carrot ( Daucus carota L.)

1975 ◽  
Vol 273 (922) ◽  
pp. 33-53 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Carrot Cells ◽  
Different Levels

This paper deals with problems of somatic embryogenesis (totipotency) of carrot cells in liquid culture and when dispersed in thin films of nutrient agar. The critical events that intervene between somatic cells and embryo plantlets during morphogenesis are delineated. Factors that affect the course of these events are described with special reference to the stimuli which permit the very smallest units to develop into organized structures. Special attention is directed to the importance of a protracted period of darkness and the use of an ‘embryo-conditioned medium’ as interacting stimuli that facilitate the early stages of development. Means of arresting and releasing the development of pro-embryonic units are discussed. Aspects of growth and form of the developing cultures are presented photographically at different levels. The behaviour of free protoplasts from pro-embryonic units is described and contrasted with that of intact totipotent cells. The significance of all these observations is examined in the light of practical applications and in relation to problems of development.

FUSION OF CARROT AND BARLEY PROTOPLASTS AND DIVISION OF HETEROKARYOCYTES

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dudits ◽  
K. N. Kao ◽  
F. Constabel ◽  
O. L. Gamborg
Keyword(s):  
Cell Walls ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Differential Staining ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Carrot Cell ◽  
Fusion Of Protoplasts ◽  
Fusion Products ◽  
Carrot Cell Cultures

Fusion of protoplasts from cultured cells of carrot (Daucus carota L.) and from leaves of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) by means of polyethylene glycol resulted in the formation of 4-5 fusion products (heterokaryocytes) per 100 protoplasts. When incubated in culture medium, the heterokaryocytes regenerated cell walls and divided. The frequency of division depended on the viability of the protoplasts from carrot cell cultures, specifically, on the mitotic activity of the cells. Fusion of interphase carrot and barley nuclei was detected by differential staining. Synchronized mitosis was observed in heterokaryons containing barley and carrot nuclei.

scholarly journals Amperometric Measurement of Reducing Activity Exhibited by Intact Cultured Cells of Daucus carota L.

1995 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 1171-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiyasu KUROSAKI ◽  
Tokuji IKEDA ◽  
Kenji KANO ◽  
Naoki TANIGUCHI ◽  
Yukitaka YAMAMOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Reducing Activity
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