The incidence and size of gap junctions between the bone cells in rat calvaria

1993 ◽  
Vol 187 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Jones ◽  
C. Gray ◽  
H. Sakamaki ◽  
M. Arora ◽  
A. Boyde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Rat Calvaria

Cell mediated calcification in collagen gel cultures of fetal rat calvaria cells. Loss of gap junctions precedes calcification

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuto Yamazaki ◽  
Shoichi Ichimura ◽  
Terence D Allen ◽  
Tomoyuki Nakagawa
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Collagen Gel ◽  
Rat Calvaria ◽  
Fetal Rat

scholarly journals Intercellular calcium wave propagation in linear and circuit-like bone cell networks

2010 ◽  
Vol 368 (1912) ◽  
pp. 617-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Huo ◽  
Xin L. Lu ◽  
X. Edward Guo
Keyword(s):  
Wave Propagation ◽  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Molecular Transport ◽  
Bone Cell ◽  
Calcium Wave ◽  
Contact Printing ◽  
Inhibition Studies ◽  
Cell Networks

In the present study, the mechanism of intercellular calcium wave propagation in bone cell networks was identified. By using micro-contact printing and self-assembled monolayer technologies, two types of in vitro bone cell networks were constructed: open-ended linear chains and looped hexagonal networks with precisely controlled intercellular distances. Intracellular calcium responses of the cells were recorded and analysed when a single cell in the network was mechanically stimulated by nano-indentation. The looped cell network was shown to be more efficient than the linear pattern in transferring calcium signals from cell to cell. This phenomenon was further examined by pathway-inhibition studies. Intercellular calcium wave propagation was significantly impeded when extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the medium was hydrolysed. Chemical uncoupling of gap junctions, however, did not significantly decrease the transferred distance of the calcium wave in the cell networks. Thus, it is extracellular ATP diffusion, rather than molecular transport through gap junctions, that dominantly mediates the transmission of mechanically elicited intercellular calcium waves in bone cells. The inhibition studies also demonstrated that the mechanical stimulation-induced calcium responses required extracellular calcium influx, whereas the ATP-elicited calcium wave relied on calcium release from the calcium store of the endoplasmic reticulum.

scholarly journals Effect of various media on mineralization and alkaline phosphatase activity in bone cells from embryonic rat calvaria

1995 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 241
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Yoshimura ◽  
Yoh Hisada ◽  
Kuniaki Suzuki ◽  
Yosbiaki Deyama ◽  
Akira Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Alkaline Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Rat Calvaria

Gap Junctions and Osteoblast-like Cell Gene Expression in Response to Fluid Flow

2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Jekir ◽  
Henry J. Donahue
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Gap Junction ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Mechanical Stimuli ◽  
Junctional Communication ◽  
Osteogenic Response

Bone formation occurs in vivo in response to mechanical stimuli, but the signaling pathways involved remain unclear. The ability of bone cells to communicate with each other in the presence of an applied load may influence the overall osteogenic response. The goal of this research was to determine whether inhibiting cell-to-cell gap junctional communication between bone-forming cells would affect the ensemble cell response to an applied mechanical stimulus in vitro. In this study, we investigated the effects of controlled oscillatory fluid flow (OFF) on osteoblastic cells in the presence and the absence of a gap-junction blocker. MC3T3-E1 Clone 14 cells in a monolayer were exposed to 2h of OFF at a rate sufficient to create a shear stress of 20dynes∕cm2 at the cell surface, and changes in steady-state mRNA levels for a number of key proteins known to be involved in osteogenesis were measured. Of the five proteins investigated, mRNA levels for osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin were found to be significantly increased 24h postflow. These experiments were repeated in the presence of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (BGA), a known gap-junction blocker, to determine whether gap-junction intercellular communication is necessary for this response. We found that the increase in OPN mRNA levels is not observed in the presence of BGA, suggesting that gap junctions are involved in the signaling process. Interestingly, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay data showed that levels of secreted OPN protein increased 48h postflow and that this increase was unaffected by the presence of intact gap junctions.

Uptake of collagenolytic enzymes by bone cells during isolation from embryonic rat calvaria

1981 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaro Sodek ◽  
Johan N. M. Heersche
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cells ◽  
Rat Calvaria

scholarly journals Primary Osteocyte Supernatants Metabolomic Profiling of Two Transgenic Mice With Connexin43 Dominant Negative Mutants

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng Chen ◽  
Guobin Li ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Kaiting Ning ◽  
Baoqiang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Oxidative Stress Pathway ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Cx 43 ◽  
Fatty Acyls ◽  
Extracellular Environment

Osteocytes could release some small molecules (≤ 1 kDa) through gap junctions and hemichannels to extracellular environment, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), nitric oxide (NO) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which play key roles in transferring signals between bone cells and other tissue cells. Connexin (Cx) 43 is the most abundant connexin in osteocytes. To further discover molecules released by osteocytes through Cx43 channels and better understand the regulatory function of Cx43 channels in osteocytes, we performed non-targeted global metabolomics analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on conditioned medium collected from osteocytes isolated from two transgenic mouse models with Cx43 dominant negative mutants driven by a 10 kb-DMP1 promoter: R76W (gap junctions are blocked, whereas hemichannels are promoted) and Δ130-136 (both gap junctions and hemichannels are blocked). The results revealed that several new categories of molecules, such as “fatty acyls” and “carboxylic acids and derivatives”, could be released through osteocytic Cx43 channels. In addition, alteration of Cx43 channel function affected the release of metabolites related to inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress. Pathway analysis further showed that citric acid cycle was the most differential metabolic pathway regulated by Cx43 channels. In sum, these results isolated new potential metabolites released by osteocytes through Cx43 channels, and offered a novel perspective to understand the regulatory mechanisms of osteocytes on themselves and other cells as well.

Membrane potential of rat calvaria bone cells: Dependence on temperature

1990 ◽  
Vol 144 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Massas ◽  
Rafi Korenstein ◽  
Dieter Bincmann ◽  
Peter Tetsch
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Rat Calvaria

Cell behaviour of rat calvaria bone cells on surfaces with random nanometric features

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.O. Riehle ◽  
M.J. Dalby ◽  
H. Johnstone ◽  
A. MacIntosh ◽  
S. Affrossman
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cells ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Rat Calvaria
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