Recognition of individual-specific marked parasitized hosts by the solitary parasitoid Epidinocarsis lopezi

1992 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne J van Dijken ◽  
Pam van Stratum ◽  
Jacques J M van Alphen
Keyword(s):  
Epidinocarsis Lopezi ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid

Superparasitism and sex ratio in the solitary parasitoid Epidinocarsis lopezi

1993 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne J. Dijken ◽  
Pam Stratum ◽  
Jacques J. M. Alphen
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Epidinocarsis Lopezi ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid

Discovery of the genus Venanides Mason 1981 (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Microgastrinae) in Europe, with description of a new species parasitizing Carcina quercana (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Peleopodidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57
Author(s):  
Mark R. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
New Species ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species

The small Microgastrinae genus Venanides is recorded from Europe (Netherlands, Germany and Czech Republic) for the first time, where one species, Venanides carcinae sp. nov., described here, proves to be a regular solitary parasitoid of Carcina quercana. Outline notes on its biology, phenology and abundance are given.

MELANIZATION OF EGGS AND LARVAE OF THE PARASITOID, EPIDINOCARSIS LOPEZI (DE SANTIS) (HYMENOPTERA: ENCYRTIDAE), BY THE CASSAVA MEALYBUG, PHENACOCCUS MANIHOTI MATILE-FERRERO (HOMOPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE)

1988 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Sullivan ◽  
Peter Neuenschwander
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Phenacoccus Manihoti ◽  
Defense Reaction ◽  
Epidinocarsis Lopezi ◽  
Cassava Mealybug ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Eggs And Larvae ◽  
Host Tissues

AbstractThe encyrtid wasp Epidinocarsis lopezi (De Santis) has been introduced into Africa as a biological control agent against the cassava mealybug Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero. This host has a defense reaction against the immature parasitoid that involves encapsulation and melanization. Under laboratory conditions, 37.5% of once-stung cassava mealybugs had been parasitized, as indicated by eggs and larvae of the parasitoid in dissected hosts. Of these parasitized cassava mealybugs, 89.6% contained melanized particles (egg, partially melanized larva, internal host tissues, exoskeleton wound scars). Some of the parasitoid larvae were only partially melanized, and either freed themselves from the melanized capsule or else shed it at the next molt. By the 3rd day of their development only 12.5% were completely melanized. In cassava mealybugs with melanized host tissue but no living parasitoid, the survival of the host was not affected by the melanization. The mealybug itself sometimes shed black particles at the next molt and these were found attached to the cast skins. When superparasitized in the laboratory, 68.6% of twice-stung cassava mealybugs contained parasitoids. Mummies collected from a field experiment showed that melanization rates of mummies increased with increasing parasitization rates. Thus, melanization in the cassava mealybug was commonly triggered when E. lopezi oviposited, but this defense reaction was mostly ineffective, permitting the introduced parasitoid to be a successful biological control agent in Africa against the cassava mealybug, a major pest on this important food crop.

Effect of expected offspring survival probability on host selection in a solitary parasitoid

2003 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlène Goubault ◽  
Manuel Plantegenest ◽  
Denis Poinsot ◽  
Anne Marie Cortesero
Keyword(s):  
Survival Probability ◽  
Host Selection ◽  
Offspring Survival ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid

Suitability of Spodoptera littoralis larvae for development of Microplitis rufiventris

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Hegazi ◽  
A. M. El-Minshawy ◽  
S. M. Hammad
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Microplitis Rufiventris ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid

SummaryA study of the solitary parasitoid Microplitis rufiventris on larvae of Spodoptera littoralis showed that the age of the host at parasitization influenced the rate of development of the parasite, the percentage of parasitized hosts giving rise to mature parasite larvae, the number of moults subsequent to stinging, duration of larval instars, and the fecundity and longevity of the resulting adult parasites.

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