Bacterial cell surface structures involved in lucerne cell wall degradation by pure cultures of cellulolytic rumen bacteria

1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Miron ◽  
M. T. Yokoyama ◽  
R. Lamed
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Rumen Bacteria ◽  
Cell Wall Degradation ◽  
Bacterial Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Surface Structures ◽  
Pure Cultures

scholarly journals Phosphoethanolamine cellulose enhances curli-mediated adhesion of uropathogenicEscherichia colito bladder epithelial cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (40) ◽  
pp. 10106-10111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C. Hollenbeck ◽  
Alexandra Antonoplis ◽  
Chew Chai ◽  
Wiriya Thongsomboon ◽  
Gerald G. Fuller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Bacterial Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Surface Structures ◽  
Bladder Cell ◽  
Type 1 Pili ◽  
Tract Infections

UropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC) are the major causative agents of urinary tract infections, employing numerous molecular strategies to contribute to adhesion, colonization, and persistence in the bladder niche. Identifying strategies to prevent adhesion and colonization is a promising approach to inhibit bacterial pathogenesis and to help preserve the efficacy of available antibiotics. This approach requires an improved understanding of the molecular determinants of adhesion to the bladder urothelium. We designed experiments using a custom-built live cell monolayer rheometer (LCMR) to quantitatively measure individual and combined contributions of bacterial cell surface structures [type 1 pili, curli, and phosphoethanolamine (pEtN) cellulose] to bladder cell adhesion. Using the UPEC strain UTI89, isogenic mutants, and controlled conditions for the differential production of cell surface structures, we discovered that curli can promote stronger adhesive interactions with bladder cells than type 1 pili. Moreover, the coproduction of curli and pEtN cellulose enhanced adhesion. The LCMR enables the evaluation of adhesion under high-shear conditions to reveal this role for pEtN cellulose which escaped detection using conventional tissue culture adhesion assays. Together with complementary biochemical experiments, the results support a model wherein cellulose serves a mortar-like function to promote curli association with and around the bacterial cell surface, resulting in increased bacterial adhesion strength at the bladder cell surface.

Bacterial Cell Surface Structures in Yersinia enterocolitica

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataniel Białas ◽  
Katarzyna Kasperkiewicz ◽  
Joanna Radziejewska-Lebrecht ◽  
Mikael Skurnik
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Bacterial Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Surface Structures

Functions of Bacterial Cell Surface Structures

BioScience ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Ferris ◽  
T. J. Beveridge
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Bacterial Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Surface Structures

The structure of secondary cell wall polymers: how Gram-positive bacteria stick their cell walls together

Microbiology ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 643-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Schäffer ◽  
Paul Messner
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Secondary Cell Wall ◽  
Chemical Study ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Wall Polymers ◽  
Structural Principles

The cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria has been a subject of detailed chemical study over the past five decades. Outside the cytoplasmic membrane of these organisms the fundamental polymer is peptidoglycan (PG), which is responsible for the maintenance of cell shape and osmotic stability. In addition, typical essential cell wall polymers such as teichoic or teichuronic acids are linked to some of the peptidoglycan chains. In this review these compounds are considered as ‘classical’ cell wall polymers. In the course of recent investigations of bacterial cell surface layers (S-layers) a different class of ‘non-classical’ secondary cell wall polymers (SCWPs) has been identified, which is involved in anchoring of S-layers to the bacterial cell surface. Comparative analyses have shown considerable differences in chemical composition, overall structure and charge behaviour of these SCWPs. This review discusses the progress that has been made in understanding the structural principles of SCWPs, which may have useful applications in S-layer-based ‘supramolecular construction kits' in nanobiotechnology.

scholarly journals A Quorum Sensing-Regulated Protein Binds Cell Wall Components and Enhances Lysozyme Resistance inStreptococcus pyogenes

2018 ◽  
Vol 200 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Artemis Gogos ◽  
Juan Cristobal Jimenez ◽  
Jennifer C. Chang ◽  
Reid V. Wilkening ◽  
Michael J. Federle
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Host Factor ◽  
Molecular Architecture ◽  
Gas Cell ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bacterial Cell Surface ◽  
Positively Charged

ABSTRACTThe Rgg2/3 quorum sensing (QS) system is conserved among all sequenced isolates of group AStreptococcus(GAS;Streptococcus pyogenes). The molecular architecture of the system consists of a transcriptional activator (Rgg2) and a transcriptional repressor (Rgg3) under the control of autoinducing peptide pheromones (SHP2 and SHP3). Activation of the Rgg2/3 pathway leads to increases in biofilm formation and resistance to the bactericidal effects of the host factor lysozyme. In this work, we show that deletion of a small gene,spy49_0414c, abolished both phenotypes in response to pheromone signaling. The gene encodes a small, positively charged, secreted protein, referred to as StcA. Analysis of recombinant StcA showed that it can directly interact with GAS cell wall preparations containing phosphodiester-linked carbohydrate polymers but not with preparations devoid of them. Immunofluorescence microscopy detected antibody against StcA bound to the surface of paraformaldehyde-fixed wild-type cells. Expression of StcA in bacterial culture induced a shift in the electrostatic potential of the bacterial cell surface, which became more positively charged. These results suggest that StcA promotes phenotypes by way of ionic interactions with the GAS cell wall, most likely with negatively charged cell wall-associated polysaccharides.IMPORTANCEThis study focuses on a small protein, StcA, that is expressed and secreted under induction of Rgg2/3 QS, ionically associating with negatively charged domains on the cell surface. These data present a novel mechanism of resistance to the host factor lysozyme by GAS and have implications in the relevance of this circuit in the interaction between the bacterium and the human host that is mediated by the bacterial cell surface.

scholarly journals Lectin Microarray Reveals Binding Profiles of Lactobacillus casei Strains in a Comprehensive Analysis of Bacterial Cell Wall Polysaccharides

2011 ◽  
Vol 77 (13) ◽  
pp. 4539-4546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Yasuda ◽  
Hiroaki Tateno ◽  
Jun Hirabarashi ◽  
Tohru Iino ◽  
Tomoyuki Sako
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lectin Microarray ◽  
Bacterial Cell Surface

ABSTRACTWe previously showed a pivotal role of the polysaccharide (PS) moiety in the cell wall of theLactobacillus caseistrain Shirota (YIT 9029) as a possible immune modulator (E. Yasuda M. Serata, and T. Sako, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74:4746-4755, 2008). To distinguish PS structures on the bacterial cell surface of individual strains in relation to their activities, it would be useful to have a rapid and high-throughput methodology. Recently, a new technique called lectin microarray was developed for rapid profiling of glycosylation in eukaryotic polymers and cell surfaces. Here, we report on the development of a simple and sensitive method based on this technology for direct analysis of intact bacterial cell surface glycomes. The method involves labeling bacterial cells with SYTOX Orange before incubation with the lectin microarray. After washing, bound cells are directly detected using an evanescent-field fluorescence scanner in a liquid phase. Using this method, we compared the cell surface glycomes from 16 different strains ofL. casei. The patterns of lectin-binding affinity of most strains were found to be unique. There appears to be two types of lectin-binding profiles: the first is characterized by a few lectins, and the other is characterized by multiple lectins with different specificities. We also showed a dramatic change in the lectin-binding profile of a YIT 9029 derivative with a mutation in thecps1Cgene, encoding a putative glycosyltransferase. In conclusion, the developed technique provided a novel strategy for rapid profiling and, more importantly, differentiating numerous bacterial strains with relevance to the biological functions of PS.

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