scholarly journals Impact of agricultural landscape structure on energy flow and water cycling

1987 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ryszkowski ◽  
A. Kędziora
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Energy Flow ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Water Cycling

scholarly journals Landscape structure affects the sunflower visiting frequency of insect pollinators

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Károly Lajos ◽  
Ferenc Samu ◽  
Áron Domonkos Bihaly ◽  
Dávid Fülöp ◽  
Miklós Sárospataki
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Pollinator Community ◽  
Foraging Ranges

AbstractMass-flowering crop monocultures, like sunflower, cannot harbour a permanent pollinator community. Their pollination is best secured if both managed honey bees and wild pollinators are present in the agricultural landscape. Semi-natural habitats are known to be the main foraging and nesting areas of wild pollinators, thus benefiting their populations, whereas crops flowering simultaneously may competitively dilute pollinator densities. In our study we asked how landscape structure affects major pollinator groups’ visiting frequency on 36 focal sunflower fields, hypothesising that herbaceous semi-natural (hSNH) and sunflower patches in the landscape neighbourhood will have a scale-dependent effect. We found that an increasing area and/or dispersion of hSNH areas enhanced the visitation of all pollinator groups. These positive effects were scale-dependent and corresponded well with the foraging ranges of the observed bee pollinators. In contrast, an increasing edge density of neighbouring sunflower fields resulted in considerably lower visiting frequencies of wild bees. Our results clearly indicate that the pollination of sunflower is dependent on the composition and configuration of the agricultural landscape. We conclude that an optimization of the pollination can be achieved if sufficient amount of hSNH areas with good dispersion are provided and mass flowering crops do not over-dominate the agricultural landscape.

Post-dispersal weed seed predation in Michigan crop fields as a function of agricultural landscape structure

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabián D Menalled ◽  
Paul C Marino ◽  
Karen A Renner ◽  
Douglas A Landis
Keyword(s):  
Seed Predation ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Crop Fields

DOES AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE STRUCTURE AFFECT PARASITISM AND PARASITOID DIVERSITY?

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 634-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabián D. Menalled ◽  
Paul C. Marino ◽  
Stuart H. Gage ◽  
Douglas A. Landis
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Agricultural Landscape

scholarly journals Social Landscape Optimization of Towns and Villages at the County Level by Developing a Compound Ecological Capital System

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2764
Author(s):  
Kai Ren ◽  
Jianqiang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
County Level ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Landscape ◽  
Dialectical Relationship ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Ecological Capital

The development of the social landscape of towns and villages at the county level in China currently lacks sustainability and urgently needs to be optimized. By developing a compound ecological capital system, the optimization of the social landscape will be an important process. Based on the dialectical relationship between landscape production and landscape sustainability, a theoretical framework is proposed as a paradigm of landscape structure. By highlighting the culture base and life proposed in ecosystem services (ES) described in the common international classification of ecosystem services (CICES) methodology, we propose a new social landscape order. We used Hequ County, Shanxi Province, China as the study case, evaluating the ecology level of social capital by gravity. In this paper, four types of optimization approaches for social landscape structure are proposed: completing urbanization (urbanized approach), shaping social landscape (prioritized development approach), protecting nature (scale-controlled approach), and increasing agricultural landscape (migrated and merged approach).

scholarly journals More pests but less treatments: ambivalent effect of landscape complexity on Conservation Biological Control

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrizia Zamberletti ◽  
Khadija Sabir ◽  
Thomas Opitz ◽  
Olivier Bonnefon ◽  
Edith Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Conservation Biological Control ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Predator Population ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Landscape Complexity ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractIn agricultural landscapes, the amount and organization of crops and semi-natural habitats (SNH) have the potential to promote a bundle of ecosystem services due to their influence on ecological community at multiple spatio-temporal scales. SNH are relatively undisturbed and are often source of complementary resources and refuges, supporting more diverse and abundant natural pest enemies. However, the nexus of SNH proportion and organization with pest suppression is not trivial. It is thus crucial to understand how the behavior of pest and auxiliary species, the underlying landscape structure, and their interaction may influence conservation biological control (CBC). Here, we develop a generative stochastic landscape model to simulate realistic agricultural landscape compositions and configurations of fields and linear elements. Generated landscapes are used as spatial support over which we simulate a spatially explicit predator-prey dynamic model. We find that SNH boost predator population, but predator movement from hedges to fields is fundamental for an efficient pest regulation by auxiliaries and to decrease pesticide treatments. Moreover landscape elements may lead to different effects on pest reduction depending on the considered scale. Integration of species behaviors and traits with landscape structure at multiple scales are needed to provide useful insights for CBC.

scholarly journals Estimating landscape structure effects on pollination for management of agricultural landscapes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Rahimi ◽  
Shahindokht Barghjelveh ◽  
Pinliang Dong
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fragmentation ◽  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Agricultural Landscapes ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
New Forest

Abstract Background The growing human population around the world is creating an increased demand for food. In agricultural landscapes, forests are cleared and turned into agricultural land to produce more food. Increasing the productivity of agricultural land per unit area may prevent extreme forest degradation. Since many agricultural products are dependent on pollinators, it is possible to increase crop production by increasing the pollination rate in the agricultural landscapes. Pollinators are highly dependent on forest patches in agricultural landscapes. Therefore, by creating new forest patches around agricultural fields, we can increase the pollination rate, and thus the crop production. In this regard, estimating the effects of different scenarios of forest fragmentation helps us to find an optimized pattern of forest patches for increasing pollination in an agricultural landscape. Methods To investigate the effect of different forest fragmentation scenarios on pollination, we used simulated agricultural landscapes, including different forest proportions and degrees of fragmentation. Using landscape metrics, we estimated the relationship between pollination and landscape structure for each landscape. Results Our results showed that for increasing pollination, two significant factors should be considered: habitat amount and capacity of small patches to supply pollination. We found that when the capacity of small patches in supplying pollination was low, fragmented patterns of forest patches decreased pollination. With increasing capacity, landscapes with a high degree of forest fragmentation showed the highest levels of pollination. There was an exception for habitat amounts (the proportion of forest patches) less than 0.1 of the entire landscape where increasing edge density, aggregation, and the number of forest patches resulted in increasing pollination in all scenarios. Conclusion This study encourages agriculturists and landscape planners to focus on increasing crop production per unit area by pollinators because it leads to biodiversity conservation and reduces socio-economic costs of land-use changes. We also suggest that to increase pollination in agricultural landscapes by creating new forest patches, special attention should be paid to the capacity of patches in supporting pollinators.

scholarly journals Small rodent population synchrony in western Sweden. Effects of landscape structure

Web Ecology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Loman
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Structure ◽  
Agricultural Landscape ◽  
Small Rodent ◽  
Agricultural Region ◽  
Wood Mice ◽  
Bank Voles ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Continuous Forest ◽  
Made In

Abstract. Small rodents were captured in two regions in western Sweden. One represents an agricultural landscape were captures were made in 19 small habitat islands and in two small forests. The other represents a forest region were captures were made in four sites in a continuous forest. The captures were made for seven years. There were no clear indications of cyclicity. Within both regions, wood mice captures were in synchrony among sites. For bank voles, this was only true in the forest region and for field voles in the agricultural region. Captures of field voles were too few for analysis in the forest region. Among species, captures were not synchronous in the agricultural region but captures of wood mice and bank voles were synchronous in the forest region. These results suggest a role of landscape structure for the population dynamics of these species, rather than differences in predator function.

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