The war on poverty: between economics and politics

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amitai Etzioni
Keyword(s):  
War On Poverty ◽  
Economics And Politics

scholarly journals How Johnson Fought the War on Poverty: The Economics and Politics of Funding at the Office of Economic Opportunity

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha J. Bailey ◽  
Nicolas J. Duquette
Keyword(s):  
New Deal ◽  
War On Poverty ◽  
Economic Opportunity ◽  
Johnson Administration ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Office Of Economic Opportunity ◽  
Economic Opportunity Act ◽  
Political Variables ◽  
Economics And Politics

This article presents a quantitative analysis of the geographic distribution of spending through the 1964 Economic Opportunity Act (EOA). Using newly assembled state- and county-level data, the results show that the Johnson administration directed funding in ways consistent with the War on Poverty's rhetoric of fighting poverty and racial discrimination: poorer areas and those with a greater share of nonwhite residents received systematically more funding. In contrast to New Deal spending, political variables explain very little of the variation in EOA funding. The smaller role of politics may help explain the strong backlash against the War on Poverty's programs.

K.H. Abdul Halim dan Gagasan Pendidikan Ekonomi Berbasis Pesantren

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Asep Saefullah
Keyword(s):  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Religious Organization ◽  
Education Economics ◽  
West Java ◽  
Political Activist ◽  
National Hero ◽  
Younger Generation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Economics And Politics

This paper discusses the biography of K.H. Abdul Halim, a cleric, educator, political activist, a national hero, who was born in Jatiwangi, Majalengka, West Java on June 26, 1887 and died on May 7, 1962, in a peaceful and quiet place, Santi Asromo, Majalengka. The title of the National Hero from the Government of Indonesia was granted on the basis of his important roles in education, economics and politics. Among his legacy are the religious educational institutions, namely Santi Asromo Pesantren, the religious organization of the Islamic Ummah Union (PUI), and several books such as the Kitab Petunjuk bagi Sekalian Manusia (Manual for Man), Ekonomi dan Koperasi dalam Islam (Economics and Cooperative in Islam), dan Ketetapan Pengajaran di Sekolah Ibtidaiyah Persyarikatan Ulama (The Teaching Decrees at Ibtidaiyah Persyarikatan Ulama School). His biography is a manifestation of appreciation for his services and works, his struggle and his devotion to science and people, as well as his role and contribution in building the nation of Indonesia with noble character and dignity. Another milestone of his is the value of the struggle and at the same time his Islamic scholarship can be an example for the younger generation in particular and for anyone who aspires to build a nation of Indonesia which is based on the Belief in One God, fair and civilized, united in the context of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI). Keywords: Kiai, Education, Pesantren, Majalengka, West Java Tulisan ini mengangkat biografi K.H. Abdul Halim dan gagasannya tentang pendidikan ekonomi di pesantren. Ia memiliki nama kecil Otong Syatori, dikenal sebagai ulama pejuang, pendidik, dan aktivis politik. Ia dilahirkan di Desa Ciborelang, Kecamatan Jatiwangi, Majalengka, Jawa Barat, pada 26 Juni 1887, dan wafat dalam usia 75 tahun pada 7 Mei 1962, di Santi Asromo, Majalengka. Ia mendapat gelar Pahlawan Nasional dari Pemerintah RI tahun 2008. Perjuangannya meliputi pendidikan, ekonomi, dan politik. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah deskriptif-analitis dengan perspektif historis. Adapun fokusnya, selain biog¬rafi singkat K.H. Abdul Halim, juga tentang konsep pendidikan eko¬no¬mi berbasis pesantren. Dari hasil pembahasan ditemukan bahwa ia telah melakukan pembaharuan di bidang pendidikan agama dan sekaligus memberikan keterampilan kewirausahaan bagi santri dan lulusannya. Awalnya gagasan tersebut berasal dari konsep pembaharuannya yang disebut Iṣlāḥ as-Ṡamāniyyah, yaitu: perbaikan akidah, ibadah, pendidikan, keluarga, kebiasaan (adat), masyarakat, ekonomi, dan hubungan umat dan tolong-menolong. Di bidang pendidikan, ia memadukan sistem pesantren dengan sistem sekolah, ilmu-ilmu agama dengan ilmu-ilmu umum, serta memberkali para santrinya dengan berbagai keterampilan tangan dan keahlian teknik. Di bidang ekonomi, disebutnya dengan Iṣlāḥ al-Iqtiṣād, untuk menanggulangi ketimpangan ekonomi di masyarakat, yaitu dengan menanamkan kesadaran kepada kaum muslimin agar berusaha memperbai¬ki dan meningkatkan kehidupan ekonominya dan berjuang secara bersama-sama melalui wadah koperasi. Kata kunci: Abdul Halim, Santi Asromo, pendidikan ekonomi, Iṣlāḥ as-Ṡamāniyyah, Iṣlāḥ al-Iqtiṣād

European Economics and Politics in the Midst of the Crisis

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis E. Petrakis ◽  
Pantelis C. Kostis ◽  
Dionysis G. Valsamis
Keyword(s):  
Economics And Politics

scholarly journals How Other Minorities Gained Access: The War on Poverty and Asian American and Latino Community Organizing

2020 ◽  
pp. 106591292098345
Author(s):  
Jae Yeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Asian Americans ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Community Organizing ◽  
War On Poverty ◽  
Advocacy Organizations ◽  
Minority Community ◽  
Original Dataset ◽  
Community Organizers ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

In the early twentieth century, Asian Americans and Latinos organized along national origin lines and focused on assimilation; By the 1960s and 1970s, community organizers from both groups began to form panethnic community service organizations (CSOs) that emphasized solidarity. I argue that focusing on the rise of panethnic CSOs reveals an underappreciated mechanism that has mobilized Asian Americans and Latinos—the welfare state. The War on Poverty programs incentivized non-black minority community organizers to form panethnic CSOs to gain access to state resources and serve the economically disadvantaged in their communities. Drawing on extensive archival research, I identify this mechanism and test it with my original dataset of 818 Asian American and Latino advocacy organizations and CSOs. Leveraging the Reagan budget cut, I show that dismantling the War on Poverty programs reduced the founding rate of panethnic CSOs. I further estimated that a 1 percent increase in federal funding was associated with the increase of the two panethnic CSOs during the War on Poverty. The findings demonstrate how access to state resources forces activists among non-primary beneficiary groups to build new political identities that fit the dominant image of the policy beneficiaries.

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