Low-level nocturnal wind maximum over the central Amazon basin

1992 ◽  
Vol 58 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 91-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Greco ◽  
Stanley Ulanski ◽  
Michael Garstang ◽  
Samuel Houston
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Wind Maximum ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Low Level

LBA-ECO LC-07 MONTHLY MEAN FLOODED WETLANDS HABITAT, CENTRAL AMAZON BASIN: 1979-1996

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. FORSBERG, ◽  
M. GASTIL, ◽  
S.K. HAMILTON, ◽  
L.L. HESS, ◽  
I.B.T. LIMA, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Central Amazon

scholarly journals Effects of light and temperature on isoprene emission at different leaf developmental stages of eschweilera coriacea in central Amazon

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Gomes Alves ◽  
Peter Harley ◽  
José Francisco de C. Gonçalves ◽  
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Moura ◽  
Kolby Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Leaf Temperature ◽  
Mature Leaf ◽  
Senescent Leaf ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Isoprene Emission ◽  
Emission Models ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound Emissions

Isoprene emission from plants accounts for about one third of annual global volatile organic compound emissions. The largest source of isoprene for the global atmosphere is the Amazon Basin. This study aimed to identify and quantify the isoprene emission and photosynthesis at different levels of light intensity and leaf temperature, in three phenological phases (young mature leaf, old mature leaf and senescent leaf) of Eschweilera coriacea (Matamatá verdadeira), the species with the widest distribution in the central Amazon. In situ photosynthesis and isoprene emission measurements showed that young mature leaf had the highest rates at all light intensities and leaf temperatures. Additionally, it was observed that isoprene emission capacity (Es) changed considerably over different leaf ages. This suggests that aging leads to a reduction of both leaf photosynthetic activity and isoprene production and emission. The algorithm of Guenther et al. (1999) provided good fits to the data when incident light was varied, however differences among E S of all leaf ages influenced on quantic yield predicted by model. When leaf temperature was varied, algorithm prediction was not satisfactory for temperature higher than ~40 °C; this could be because our data did not show isoprene temperature optimum up to 45 °C. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis of the isoprene functional role in protecting plants from high temperatures and highlight the need to include leaf phenology effects in isoprene emission models.

Two new endemic species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) from the Central Amazon Basin, Amazonas State, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
FERNANDA NUNES CABRAL ◽  
VOLKER BITTRICH ◽  
MARIA DO CARMO ESTANISLAU DO AMARAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Leaf Lamina ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Amazonas State ◽  
Fruit Surface

Two new species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) are described and illustrated: Caraipa glabra and C. iracemensis. Both species are known only from the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas state, Brazil. They both occur on patches of white-sand vegetation and they are locally abundant. Caraipa glabra is a small tree and can be distinguished from other Caraipa species by the complete absence of hairs on the leaf lamina, pedicel and fruits. Caraipa iracemensis is morphologically similar to C. grandifolia and C. caespitosa, and can be distinguished by its habit, leaves and petiole size, as well as fruit surface and size.

scholarly journals The Unconventional Eyewall Replacement Cycle of Hurricane Ophelia (2005)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naufal Razin ◽  
Michael M. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Intensity Change ◽  
Wind Maximum ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Tangential Wind ◽  
Eyewall Replacement Cycle ◽  
Flight Level ◽  
Intensive Observation ◽  
Observation Period ◽  
Replacement Cycle

AbstractHurricane Ophelia (2005) underwent an unconventional eyewall replacement cycle (ERC) as it was a Category 1 storm located over cold sea surface temperatures near 23°C. The ERC was analyzed using airborne radar, flight-level, and dropsonde data collected during the Hurricane Rainband and Intensity Change Experiment (RAINEX) intensive observation period on 11 September 2005. Results showed that the spin-up of the secondary tangential wind maximum during the ERC can be attributed to the efficient convergence of absolute angular momentum by the mid-level inflow of Ophelia’s dominantly stratiform rainbands. This secondary tangential wind maximum strongly contributed to the azimuthal mean tangential wind field, which is conducive for increased low-level supergradient winds and corresponding outflow. The low-level supergradient forcing enhanced convergence to form a secondary eyewall. Ophelia provides a unique example of an ERC occurring in a weaker storm with predominantly stratiform rainbands, suggesting an important role of stratiform precipitation processes in the development of secondary eyewalls.

scholarly journals Record of Cenozoic weathering episodes in central Amazon basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Ansart ◽  
Cécile Gautheron ◽  
Djamila Demri ◽  
Thierry Allard ◽  
Damien Calmels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Central Amazon

Dissolved organic matter and terrestrial-lotic linkages in the Central Amazon Basin of Brazil

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. McClain ◽  
Jeffrey E. Richey ◽  
Jay A. Brandes ◽  
Tania P. Pimentel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Central Amazon

Asymmetric Rainband Processes Leading to Secondary Eyewall Formation in a Model Simulation of Hurricane Matthew (2016)

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49
Author(s):  
Chau-Lam Yu ◽  
Anthony C. Didlake ◽  
Fuqing Zhang ◽  
Robert G. Nystrom
Keyword(s):  
Wind Field ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Wind Maximum ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Secondary Eyewall Formation ◽  
Positive Acceleration ◽  
Radial Extent ◽  
Tangential Wind ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Left Quadrant

AbstractThe dynamics of an asymmetric rainband complex leading into secondary eyewall formation (SEF) are examined in a simulation of Hurricane Matthew (2016), with particular focus on the tangential wind field evolution. Prior to SEF, the storm experiences an axisymmetric broadening of the tangential wind field as a stationary rainband complex in the downshear quadrants intensifies. The axisymmetric acceleration pattern that causes this broadening is an inward-descending structure of positive acceleration nearly 100 km wide in radial extent and maximizes in the low levels near 50 km radius. Vertical advection from convective updrafts in the downshear-right quadrant largely contributes to the low-level acceleration maximum, while the broader inward-descending pattern is due to horizontal advection within stratiform precipitation in the downshear-left quadrant. This broad slantwise pattern of positive acceleration is due to a mesoscale descending inflow (MDI) that is driven by midlevel cooling within the stratiform regions and draws absolute angular momentum inward. The MDI is further revealed by examining the irrotational component of the radial velocity, which shows the MDI extending downwind into the upshear-left quadrant. Here, the MDI connects with the boundary layer, where new convective updrafts are triggered along its inner edge; these new upshear-left updrafts are found to be important to the subsequent axisymmetrization of the low-level tangential wind maximum within the incipient secondary eyewall.

Two new Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes: Characidae) species from Central Amazon basin, Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4318 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRISTIANO R. MOREIRA ◽  
FLÁVIO C.T. LIMA
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dark Band ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Hyphessobrycon, H. ericae and H. wosiackii, are described from the Amazon basin, Brazil. Both new species are distinguished from congeners by the coloration, composed by one humeral blotch merging with an anterior dark band restricted to the anterior portion of the body and the presence of a caudal peduncle blotch. Hyphessobrycon ericae is distinguished from H. wosiackii by presenting a humeral spot vertically elongated, with an overall appearance of an arrow, instead of an anteriorly rounded humeral spot. 

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