Length-weight relationships and length at first maturity for nine fish species of floodplain lakes in Central Amazon (Amazon Basin, Brazil)

2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1182-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Dieb-Magalhães ◽  
A. C. Florentino ◽  
M. G. Mota Soares
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Floodplain Lakes ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
First Maturity

scholarly journals Patterns of Pelagic Fish Diversity in Floodplain Lakes of Whitewater and Blackwater Drainage Systems Within the Central Amazon River Basin of Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia K. Siqueira-Souza ◽  
Lawrence E. Hurd ◽  
Kedma C. Yamamoto ◽  
Maria Gercilia M. Soares ◽  
Gregory J. Cooper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Floodplain Lakes ◽  
Fish Diversity ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Amazon River Basin ◽  
Central Amazon

The Amazon River Basin, one of the world’s most threatened ecosystems, has an enormous diversity of fish species, a result of temporally and spatially complex habitat containing biogeochemically different river systems. The annual hydrologic cycle results in floodplain lakes during low water and inundates forests during high water, exposing fish to different resources and environmental conditions. The two principal river systems in the central Brazilian Amazon are blackwater, with nutrient-poor acidic water, and nutrient-rich whitewater. Although species-rich, the Amazon Basin is data-poor in terms of comparative studies on a regional scale. We analyzed data sets from independent sampling studies of pelagic fish in 16 floodplain lakes, nine whitewater (Rio Solimões) and seven blackwater (Rio Negro), in the central Amazon Basin of Brazil. Our findings suggest striking similarities in pelagic fish diversity patterns. Species richness was virtually equal (165 in whitewater and 168 in blackwater). Both species richness, and number of migratory species, per lake increased toward the confluence of the rivers in both systems in our study. The proportion of unique species was also similar in whitewater lakes and blackwater (41 and 43%, respectively), boosting total regional richness to 237 species. However, species composition in whitewater lakes was more homogenous (lower β diversity), and species composition was associated with conductivity and pH in whitewater, but with dissolved oxygen and transparency in blackwater. Therefore, regional fish diversity cannot be represented by sampling one lake or even one drainage system, but must include multiple lakes from both systems. These two systems may differ in sensitivity to anthropogenic stressors such as damming and deforestation.

scholarly journals Spatial and seasonal contrasts of sedimentary organic matter in floodplain lakes of the central Amazon basin

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Sobrinho ◽  
M. C. Bernardes ◽  
G. Abril ◽  
J.-H. Kim ◽  
C. I Zell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
High Water ◽  
Floodplain Lakes ◽  
Sedimentary Organic Matter ◽  
C3 Plant ◽  
Geochemical Tracers ◽  
Central Amazon

Abstract. In this study, we investigated the seasonal and spatial pattern of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) in five floodplain lakes of the central Amazon basin (Cabaliana, Janauaca, Canaçari, Mirituba and Curuai) which have different morphologies, hydrodynamics and vegetation coverages. Surface sediments were collected in four hydrological seasons: low water (LW), rising water (RW), high water (HW) and falling water (FW) in 2009 and 2010. We investigated commonly used bulk geochemical tracers such as the C : N ratio and the stable isotopic composition of organic carbon (δ13Corg). These results were compared with lignin phenol parameters as an indicator of vascular plant detritus and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) to trace the input of soil organic matter (OM) from land to the aquatic settings. We also applied the crenarchaeol as an indicator of aquatic (rivers and lakes) OM. Our data showed that during the RW and FW seasons, the surface sediments were enriched in lignin and brGDGTs in comparison to other seasons. Our study also indicated that floodplain lake sediments primarily consisted of allochthonous, C3 plant-derived OM. However, a downstream increase in C4 macrophyte-derived OM contribution was observed along the gradient of increasing open waters – i.e., from upstream to downstream. Accordingly, we attribute the temporal and spatial difference in SOM composition to the hydrological dynamics between the floodplain lakes and the surrounding flooded forests.

Biogeochemistry of Amazon Floodplain Lakes and Associated Wetlands

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Melack ◽  
Bruce R. Forsberg
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Floodplain Lakes ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Amazon Floodplain ◽  
Flooded Forests ◽  
The Many ◽  
Floating Macrophytes

Floodplains and associated lakes are important components of the biogeochemistry, ecology, and hydrology of the Amazon basin. Amazon floodplains contain thousands of lakes and associated wetlands linked to each other and to the many rivers of the immense basin. These floodplain lakes modify the passage of flood waves (Richey et al. 1989a), increase nutrient retention and recycling (Melack and Fisher 1990), and influence the chemistry of the rivers (Devol et al. 1995). The mosaic of flooded forests, open water, and floating macrophytes in the central Amazon floodplain makes a significant contribution of methane to the troposphere (Bartlett et al. 1988, Devol et al. 1990). The fishery potential of the large river systems is closely tied to the area of floodplain and the magnitude and duration of inundation (Welcomme 1979, Bayley and Petrere 1989). The majority of fishes harvested in the Amazon basin obtain nutrition in flooded forests (Goulding 1980) or from organic matter derived from floodplain algae (Araujo-Lima et al. 1986, Forsberg et al. 1993). Much progress has been made during the last fifty years toward understanding the lakes of the Amazon floodplain. Still, the vast size of the Amazon basin poses challenges to limnologists working in the region. Recent research has been enhanced by the maintenance of functional floating laboratories in several areas, use of modern ships capable of regional surveys and equipped for hydrographic studies, and applications of remote sensing. Our objective in this chapter is to examine the role of lakes in the hydrology of the floodplain and in the biogeochemistry of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous within the central Amazon basin. Particular emphasis is placed on how inundation patterns interplay with carbon balance and nutrient limitation. By combining numerous measurements of primary productivity with recent results from studies using isotopes of carbon, we will examine the contribution of the major plant groups to aquatic foodwebs, and offer a new paradigm for the processing of organic carbon on the Amazon floodplain. The interplay between the Amazon River and local catchments as sources of nutrients to the floodplain indicates the potential sensitivity of the lakes to basin-wide and local disturbances.

scholarly journals Spatial and seasonal contrasts of sedimentary organic matter in floodplain lakes of the central Amazon basin

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 8747-8787 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Sobrinho ◽  
M. C. Bernardes ◽  
G. Abril ◽  
J.-H. Kim ◽  
C. I. Zell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
High Water ◽  
Floodplain Lakes ◽  
Sedimentary Organic Matter ◽  
C3 Plant ◽  
Geochemical Tracers ◽  
Central Amazon

Abstract. In this study, we investigated the seasonal and spatial pattern of sedimentary organic matter (SOM) in five floodplain lakes of the central Amazon basin (Cabaliana, Janauaca, Canaçari, Miratuba, and Curuai) which have different morphologies, hydrodynamics and vegetation coverages. Surface sediments were collected in four hydrological seasons: low water (LW), rising water (RW), high water (HW) and falling water (FW) in 2009 and 2010. We investigated commonly used bulk geochemical tracers such as the C : N ratio and the stable isotopic composition of organic carbon (δ13Corg). These results were compared with lignin-phenol parameters as an indicator of vascular plant detritus and branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) to trace the input of soil organic matter (OM) from land to the aquatic settings. We also applied the isoprenoid GDGT (iGDGT) crenarchaeol as an indicator of riverine suspended particulate organic matter (SPOM). Our data showed that during the RW and FW seasons, the surface sediments were enriched in lignin and brGDGTs in comparison to other seasons. Our study also indicated that floodplain lake sediments primarily consisted of allochthonous, C3 plant-derived OM. However, a downstream increase in C4 macrophyte derived OM contribution was observed along the gradient of increasing open waters, i.e. from upstream to downstream. Accordingly, we attribute temporal and spatial difference in SOM composition to the hydrological dynamics between the floodplain lakes and the surrounding flooded forests.

LBA-ECO LC-07 MONTHLY MEAN FLOODED WETLANDS HABITAT, CENTRAL AMAZON BASIN: 1979-1996

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.R. FORSBERG, ◽  
M. GASTIL, ◽  
S.K. HAMILTON, ◽  
L.L. HESS, ◽  
I.B.T. LIMA, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Central Amazon

scholarly journals Effects of light and temperature on isoprene emission at different leaf developmental stages of eschweilera coriacea in central Amazon

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Gomes Alves ◽  
Peter Harley ◽  
José Francisco de C. Gonçalves ◽  
Carlos Eduardo da Silva Moura ◽  
Kolby Jardine
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Leaf Temperature ◽  
Mature Leaf ◽  
Senescent Leaf ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
Isoprene Emission ◽  
Emission Models ◽  
Volatile Organic Compound Emissions

Isoprene emission from plants accounts for about one third of annual global volatile organic compound emissions. The largest source of isoprene for the global atmosphere is the Amazon Basin. This study aimed to identify and quantify the isoprene emission and photosynthesis at different levels of light intensity and leaf temperature, in three phenological phases (young mature leaf, old mature leaf and senescent leaf) of Eschweilera coriacea (Matamatá verdadeira), the species with the widest distribution in the central Amazon. In situ photosynthesis and isoprene emission measurements showed that young mature leaf had the highest rates at all light intensities and leaf temperatures. Additionally, it was observed that isoprene emission capacity (Es) changed considerably over different leaf ages. This suggests that aging leads to a reduction of both leaf photosynthetic activity and isoprene production and emission. The algorithm of Guenther et al. (1999) provided good fits to the data when incident light was varied, however differences among E S of all leaf ages influenced on quantic yield predicted by model. When leaf temperature was varied, algorithm prediction was not satisfactory for temperature higher than ~40 °C; this could be because our data did not show isoprene temperature optimum up to 45 °C. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis of the isoprene functional role in protecting plants from high temperatures and highlight the need to include leaf phenology effects in isoprene emission models.

scholarly journals Freshwater temperature in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil, and its implication for fish culture

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano de Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Copatti ◽  
Flávio Wachholz ◽  
Waterloo Pereira Filho ◽  
Bernardo Baldisserotto
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Tropical Species ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Lower Growth

In this study we verified data of water temperatures collected by CORSAN-RS from 1996 to 2004 in several cities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, and analyzed the possibility of raising the most cultivated fish species in Brazil. The water temperature from 1996 to 2004 was 16 to 28ºC in summer, 17 to 23ºC in fall, 14 to 17ºC (down to 9ºC in the coldest months) in winter and 14 to 21ºC in spring. Native species of this state, such as silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen), traíra (Hoplias malabaricus), dorado (Salminus brasiliensis), pintado (Pimelodus maculatus), as well as carps (family Cyprinidae), are resistant to the low winter temperatures. These species have a lower growth rate in coldest months (winter/spring) but a good development in warmer months (summer/fall), reaching a satisfactory performance throughout the year. In the periods of more intense cold, mortality of some introduced species, such as surubim from Amazon Basin (Pseudoplatystoma sp.), pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus), pirarucu (Arapaimas gigas), pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) may occur. In addition, as most tropical species have a thermal range for growth and reproduction between 20 to 28ºC, some species may have poor development even in fall. Therefore, water temperature in this state should be considered in the choice of fish species to be cultivated.

Two new endemic species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) from the Central Amazon Basin, Amazonas State, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
FERNANDA NUNES CABRAL ◽  
VOLKER BITTRICH ◽  
MARIA DO CARMO ESTANISLAU DO AMARAL
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Leaf Lamina ◽  
Small Tree ◽  
Central Amazon ◽  
White Sand ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Amazonas State ◽  
Fruit Surface

Two new species of Caraipa (Calophyllaceae) are described and illustrated: Caraipa glabra and C. iracemensis. Both species are known only from the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas state, Brazil. They both occur on patches of white-sand vegetation and they are locally abundant. Caraipa glabra is a small tree and can be distinguished from other Caraipa species by the complete absence of hairs on the leaf lamina, pedicel and fruits. Caraipa iracemensis is morphologically similar to C. grandifolia and C. caespitosa, and can be distinguished by its habit, leaves and petiole size, as well as fruit surface and size.

scholarly journals Population and biological parameters of selected fish species from the middle Xingu River, Amazon Basin

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (3 suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 112-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Camargo ◽  
T. Giarrizzo ◽  
VJ. Isaac
Keyword(s):  
Fish Species ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Xingu River ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Belo Monte

Abstract This study estimates the main biological parameters, including growth rates, asymptotic length, mortality, consumption by biomass, biological yield, and biomass, for the most abundant fish species found on the middle Xingu River, prior to the construction of the Belo Monte Dam. The specimens collected in experimental catches were analysed with empirical equations and length-based FISAT methods. For the 63 fish species studied, high growth rates (K) and high natural mortality (M) were related to early sexual maturation and low longevity. The predominance of species with short life cycles and a reduced number of age classes, determines high rates of stock turnover, which indicates high productivity for fisheries, and a low risk of overfishing.

scholarly journals Record of Cenozoic weathering episodes in central Amazon basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Ansart ◽  
Cécile Gautheron ◽  
Djamila Demri ◽  
Thierry Allard ◽  
Damien Calmels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Central Amazon
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