Leaf scorch (Kabatiella caulivora (Kirch.) Kirk.) of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.): Influence of host cultivar, growth stage and pathogen isolates on the disease severity

Euphytica ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chandrashekar ◽  
G. M. Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Leaf Scorch ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora

Effect of Kabatiella caulivora isolates and host growth stage on symptom expression and resistance in Trifolium subterraneum

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Barbetti ◽  
DJ Gillespie ◽  
WJ Collins
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Host Growth ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Glasshouse Screening

Occasional severe clover scorch disease outbreaks from Kabatiella caulivora have occurred in the 2 partially resistant Trifolium subterraneum cultivars, Karridale and Meteora. All K. caulivora isolates screened, including isolates taken from severely damaged field swards of Karridale and Meteora, were highly pathogenic, but there was variation in the pathogenicity of some isolates and there was a significant cultivar x isolate interaction in 1 of 2 studies. Plant age affected development of disease. Cultivars Karridale, Mt Barker and Woogenellup were least susceptible when inoculated 10 weeks from sowing, and there was a strong plant age x cultivar interaction. However, there was no suggestion that severe disease in Karridale was due to increased susceptibility at a particular plant growth stage. In resistance screening studies, the resistance rankings of subterranean clover varieties sometimes changed markedly depending upon the test isolate, and in 1 of 2 studies, there was a significant cultivar x isolate interaction. While there was significant overall correlation between glasshouse and field data, this only accounted for 49.9 and 20.5%, respectively, of the variation. Glasshouse screening was not suitable for replacing field screening but it was useful for confirming the field resistance of some highly resistant genotypes.

Resistance to race 1 of Kabatiella caulivora in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) cultivars and breeding lines

2008 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. H. Nichols ◽  
M. P. You ◽  
M. J. Barbetti
Keyword(s):  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Resistant Progeny ◽  
Clover Scorch

Twenty-eight cultivars and 106 F6-derived breeding lines of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) were screened in the field for their response to clover scorch disease caused by race 1 of Kabatiella caulivora. Eleven of the cultivars, including Denmark and Goulburn, were classified as resistant. Breeding lines with Denmark parentage had 55% of progeny with resistance, while those of Goulburn had only 19% of resistant progeny, suggesting different modes of inheritance. Selection for resistance to race 2 of K. caulivora in the F4 generation markedly increased the probability of selecting F6-derived lines with resistance to race 1, suggesting linkage between genes for resistance to both races.

Variation in, and inheritance of seedling and adult-plant resistance in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) to leaf scorch (Kabatiella caulivora) (Kirch.) Karak

1990 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 115 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chandrashekar ◽  
GM Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Single Recessive Gene ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Clover Scorch ◽  
Adult Plants

The disease reaction of seedlings (2 weeks old) from a field collection of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) to clover scorch (Kabatiella caulivora (Kirch.) Karak), revealed 89 immune plants out of a total of 1530. However, with adult plants (15-16 weeks old) only one plant remained immune. In the F2 population of the cross of the cultivars (Daliak X Woogenellup (D X W), seedling resistance was conditioned by a single dominant gene and in the cross (Enfield X Woogenellup) (EX W) by a single recessive gene. However, with adult plants, resistance in the (D X W) F2 was conditioned by a single recessive gene and that in the (EX W) F2 by two recessive genes. The effect of increasing age in reducing the proportion of plants resistant to clover scorch in both studies indicates that caution is needed in evaluating resistance to clover scorch in epidemiological, breeding and genetic studies.

Humidity, free water and light in relation to development of Kabatiella caulivora (Kirchn.) Karak in Trifolium subterraneum L. cv.Yarloo

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
K Helms
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
And Control

The effects of moisture conditions on disease development and plant growth were examined in subterranean clover plants which were inoculated with K. caulivora 4 weeks after sowing and were maintained after inoculation at 20°C and with a light intensity of 2000 f.c. In plants which received 100% relative humidity (RH) with free water on leaves, for at least 4 days after inoculation, 15–20% of leaves developed lesions within 11 days. In plants which received continuously 90% RH with free water on leaves, or 100% RH without free water on leaves, less than 1.5% of leaves developed lesions within 11 days. There was no evidence of spread of infection in plants maintained for 11 or 25 days after inoculation. The effects of light intensities of 2000, 500 and 125 f.c. on disease development and plant growth were examined in plants which received 100% RH with free water on leaves and were grown for 25 days after inoculation, either in simulated swards or in standard pots. In most treatments a reduction in light intensity from 2000 to 500 f.c. reduced the growth of plants but had no effect on the percentage of diseased leaves, whereas a reduction in light intensity from 500 to 125 f.c. reduced growth and increased the percentage of diseased leaves of plants grown in swards from 30 to 70% and in standard pots from 10 to 35%. There were mortalities among both inoculated and control plants grown under 125 f.c. : in swards, 80–90% of inoculated plants and 30–40% of control plants died, whereas in standard pots 20–30% of inoculated plants and only occasional control plants died. The data show that environmental conditions favourable for the development of the disease were unfavourable for growth of control plants.

Anti-methanogenic advantage of biserrula (Biserrula pelecinus) over subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) from in vitro fermentation is maintained across growth stages and cutting treatments

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 263
Author(s):  
Bidhyut Kumar Banik ◽  
Zoey Durmic ◽  
William Erskine ◽  
Clinton Revell
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Plant Collection ◽  
Grazing Systems

The annual forage legume biserrula (Biserrula pelecinus L.) offers a promising opportunity as a low-methanogenic, bioactive pasture for southern Australian grazing systems where subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) is the dominant annual pasture legume. This in vitro study to assess methanogenic potential examined how growth stage and cutting of biserrula affect biomass, nutritive value and fermentative parameters including methanogenic potential compared with subterranean clover. Both species were grown in a glasshouse, where three growth-stage treatments comprised plant collection at vegetative, reproductive or maturity growth stages. Three cutting (simulated grazing) treatments included cutting at the vegetative or reproductive stage and an uncut control, with herbage collection at maturity. Methane production in biserrula was unaffected by the stage of growth. Other nutritive value and fermentative parameters varied significantly with growth stage, the highest fibre content and lowest crude protein (CP) being found at maturity. Regrowth from herbage cut at the reproductive stage had higher CP and lower biomass than other cut treatments. In biserrula, this regrowth also showed the highest fermentability of the three cutting treatments including elevated methane yield. Notwithstanding these treatment effects on fermentability, biserrula maintained its strong anti-methanogenic advantage over subterranean clover across all treatments, confirming its potential as an anti-methanogenic bioactive pasture.

Sources of variation in the resistance of subterranean clover to clover scorch (Kabatiella caulivora) in the field

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (75) ◽  
pp. 541 ◽  
Author(s):  
DL Chatel ◽  
CM Francis
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
North African ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
South West ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Clover Scorch

The resistance of 307 varieties of subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) to the clover scorch disease pathogen was assessed in three locations in south west Australia. Disease intensity as measured by visual ratings of sward damage was found to vary with variety and location. Resistance was independent of subspecies groupings but dependent on country of origin. Spanish and Portugese varieties were generally less susceptible than North African selections. Disease severity was also related to plant characters by correlation and multiple regression analysis. Late maturing varieties were most resistant under the test conditions and rapidly growing earlier varieties, with large pale leaves and thick petioles, were least resistant.

Corrigendum - Humidity, free water and light in relation to development of Kabatiella caulivora (Kirchn.) Karak in Trifolium subterraneum L. cv.Yarloo

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 511
Author(s):  
K Helms
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
And Control

The effects of moisture conditions on disease development and plant growth were examined in subterranean clover plants which were inoculated with K. caulivora 4 weeks after sowing and were maintained after inoculation at 20°C and with a light intensity of 2000 f.c. In plants which received 100% relative humidity (RH) with free water on leaves, for at least 4 days after inoculation, 15–20% of leaves developed lesions within 11 days. In plants which received continuously 90% RH with free water on leaves, or 100% RH without free water on leaves, less than 1.5% of leaves developed lesions within 11 days. There was no evidence of spread of infection in plants maintained for 11 or 25 days after inoculation. The effects of light intensities of 2000, 500 and 125 f.c. on disease development and plant growth were examined in plants which received 100% RH with free water on leaves and were grown for 25 days after inoculation, either in simulated swards or in standard pots. In most treatments a reduction in light intensity from 2000 to 500 f.c. reduced the growth of plants but had no effect on the percentage of diseased leaves, whereas a reduction in light intensity from 500 to 125 f.c. reduced growth and increased the percentage of diseased leaves of plants grown in swards from 30 to 70% and in standard pots from 10 to 35%. There were mortalities among both inoculated and control plants grown under 125 f.c. : in swards, 80–90% of inoculated plants and 30–40% of control plants died, whereas in standard pots 20–30% of inoculated plants and only occasional control plants died. The data show that environmental conditions favourable for the development of the disease were unfavourable for growth of control plants.

Infection of Subterranean Clover (Trifolium subterraneum) by Kabatiella caulivora

2001 ◽  
Vol 149 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 699-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Bayliss ◽  
J. Kuo ◽  
K. Sivasithamparam ◽  
M. J. Barbetti ◽  
E. S. Lagudah
Keyword(s):  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora

New Trifolium subterraneum genotypes identified with resistance to race 2 of Kabatiella caulivora and cross-resistance to fungal root rot pathogens

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. You ◽  
M. J. Barbetti ◽  
P. G. H. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Pythium Irregulare ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Root Pathogens ◽  
Kabatiella Caulivora ◽  
Breeding Selection ◽  
Race 2

One hundred subterranean clover genotypes including 72 advanced breeding lines from Trifolium subterraneum ssp. subterraneum and Trifolium subterraneum ssp. yanninicum and 28 Trifolium subterraneum commercial cultivars were screened in the field for resistance to race 2 of Kabatiella caulivora, and the resistances found were related to known resistance to major root pathogens in the region. Race 2 of K. caulivora causes severe damage on subterranean clover in the south-eastern coastal region of Western Australia and 72 of the 100 genotypes tested were resistant to this race, with levels similar to those shown by the cultivar Denmark. The unique importance of this study was that, for 12 genotypes of subterranean clover, these resistances were related to those shown to major root pathogens, viz. one or more of Phytophthora clandestina, Pythium irregulare, and Fusarium avenaceum. Availability of genotypes with such resistances to multiple pathogens is expected to be particularly valuable for the breeding/selection of subterranean clover in relation to the development of new cultivars with effective resistance to a range of pathogens that commonly occur in southern Australian annual legume pastures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document