Acclimation of photosynthesis to elevated CO2 through feedback regulation of gene expression: Climate of opinion

1996 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Jacques Van Oosten ◽  
Robert T. Besford
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Feedback Regulation

scholarly journals Negative Autoregulation Controls size Scaling in Confined Gene Expression Reactions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke T. Maeda
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Finite Size ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Finite Size Effect ◽  
Scaling Relation ◽  
Negative Feedback Regulation ◽  
Cellular Compartment ◽  
Transcriptional Feedback

Abstract Gene expression via transcription-translation is the most fundamental reaction to sustain biological systems, and complex reactions such as this one occur in a small compartment of living cells. Transcriptional feedback that controls gene expression during mRNA synthesis is a vital mechanism that regulates protein synthesis in cells. There is increasing evidence that the cellular compartment induces steric effects in gene expression reactions. However, the finite-size effect of spatial constraints on feedback regulation is not well understood. Here, we study the confinement effect on transcriptional negative feedback regulation of gene expression reactions using a theoretical model. We find that negative feedback regulation alters the scaling relation of gene expression level on compartment volume, approaching the regular scaling relation without the steric effect. Our findings suggest that negative autoregulatory feedback at the transcription step can dampen the size-dependence of protein expression levels in heterogeneous cell populations.

scholarly journals Auto-regulatory feedback by RNA-binding proteins

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 930-939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Müller-McNicoll ◽  
Oliver Rossbach ◽  
Jingyi Hui ◽  
Jan Medenbach
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Transcriptional Control ◽  
Binding Proteins ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Control Of Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Fate Decisions

Abstract RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key regulators in post-transcriptional control of gene expression. Mutations that alter their activity or abundance have been implicated in numerous diseases such as neurodegenerative disorders and various types of cancer. This highlights the importance of RBP proteostasis and the necessity to tightly control the expression levels and activities of RBPs. In many cases, RBPs engage in an auto-regulatory feedback by directly binding to and influencing the fate of their own mRNAs, exerting control over their own expression. For this feedback control, RBPs employ a variety of mechanisms operating at all levels of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Here we review RBP-mediated autogenous feedback regulation that either serves to maintain protein abundance within a physiological range (by negative feedback) or generates binary, genetic on/off switches important for e.g. cell fate decisions (by positive feedback).

Linking transcription, RNA polymerase II elongation and alternative splicing

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (16) ◽  
pp. 3091-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana E. Giono ◽  
Alberto R. Kornblihtt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription

Gene expression is an intricately regulated process that is at the basis of cell differentiation, the maintenance of cell identity and the cellular responses to environmental changes. Alternative splicing, the process by which multiple functionally distinct transcripts are generated from a single gene, is one of the main mechanisms that contribute to expand the coding capacity of genomes and help explain the level of complexity achieved by higher organisms. Eukaryotic transcription is subject to multiple layers of regulation both intrinsic — such as promoter structure — and dynamic, allowing the cell to respond to internal and external signals. Similarly, alternative splicing choices are affected by all of these aspects, mainly through the regulation of transcription elongation, making it a regulatory knob on a par with the regulation of gene expression levels. This review aims to recapitulate some of the history and stepping-stones that led to the paradigms held today about transcription and splicing regulation, with major focus on transcription elongation and its effect on alternative splicing.

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