Testing inoculation methods and sources of resistance to the halo blight bacterium (Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola) in Phaseolus vulgaris

Euphytica ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haytham Z. Zaiter ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Halo Blight

scholarly journals Characterization of Halo Blight Races on Dry Beans in South Africa

Plant Disease ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Fourie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Halo Blight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Differential Cultivars ◽  
Production Area

Isolates of the halo blight pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola were collected in the bean-producing areas in South Africa from 1991 to 1996. Of the 1,128 isolates collected, 967 were identified as P. syringae pv. phaseolicola. The majority of these isolates were obtained from a wide range of Phaseolus vulgaris cultivars, and the rest from P. coccineus and P. lunatus. Two hundred fifty-five isolates, representative of all the localities and cultivars sampled, were categorized into different races according to their reaction on a set of differential cultivars. Seven races (1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9) were identified, with race 8 the most prevalent. Races 1, 2, 6, and 8 were widely distributed through the whole production area, while races 4, 7, and 9 were restricted to one or two localities.

scholarly journals Pathovars of Pseudomonas syringaeCausing Bacterial Brown Spot and Halo Blight in Phaseolus vulgaris L. Are Distinguishable by Ribotyping

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 850-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana J. González ◽  
Elena Landeras ◽  
M. Carmen Mendoza
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Restriction Enzymes ◽  
Geographical Region ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Halo Blight ◽  
Bacterial Brown Spot

ABSTRACT Ribotyping was evaluated as a method to differentiate betweenPseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola and pv. syringae strains causing bacterial brown spot and halo blight diseases inPhaseolus vulgaris L. Ribotyping, with restriction enzymesBglI and SalI and using the Escherichia coli rrnB operon as the probe, differentiated 11 and 14 ribotypes, respectively, and a combination of data from both procedures yielded 19 combined ribotypes. Cluster analysis of the combined ribotypes differentiated the pathovars phaseolicola and syringae, as well as different clonal lineages within these pathovars. The potential of ribotyping to screen for correlations between lineages and factors such as geographical region and/or bean varieties is also reported.

Perception and first defense responses against Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola in Phaseolus vulgaris L.: identification of Wall-Associated Kinase receptors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Gonzalo De la Rubia ◽  
María Luz Centeno ◽  
Victor Moreno-González ◽  
María De Castro ◽  
Penélope García-Angulo
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is attacked by several pathogens such as the biotrophic gamma-proteobacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola (Pph). In order to study the Pph-bean interaction during the first stages of infection, leaf disks of a susceptible bean variety named Riñón were infected with a pathogenic Pph. Using this experimental system, six new putative Wall-Associated Kinase (WAKs) receptors, previously identified in silico, were tested. These six bean WAKs (PvWAKs) showed high protein sequence homology to the well-described Arabidopsis WAK1 (AtWAK1) receptor and, by phylogenetic analysis, clustered together with AtWAKs. The expression of PvWAK1 increased at very early stages after the Pph infection. Time course experiments were performed to evaluate the accumulation of apoplastic H2O2, Ca2+ influx, total H2O2, antioxidant enzymatic activities, lipid peroxidation, and the concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) and salicylic acid (SA), as well as the expression of six defense-related genes – MEKK-1, MAPKK, WRKY33, RIN4, PR1 and NPR1. The results showed that overexpression of PR1 occurred 2 h after Pph infection without a concomitant increase in SA levels. Although apoplastic H2O2 increased after infection, the oxidative burst was neither intense nor rapid and an efficient antioxidant response did not occur, suggesting that the observed cellular damage was due to the initial increase in total H2O2 at early time points after infection. In conclusion, the Riñón variety can perceive the presence of Pph, but this recognition only results in a modest and slow activation of host defenses, leading to high susceptibility to Pph.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition, Production of Secondary Metabolites and Antioxidant Activity in Coffee Cultivars Susceptible and Partially Resistant to Bacterial Halo Blight

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1915
Author(s):  
Joyce Alves Goulart da Silva ◽  
Mário Lúcio Vilela de Resende ◽  
Ingridy Simone Ribeiro ◽  
Adriene Ribeiro Lima ◽  
Luiz Roberto Marques Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Defense Strategies ◽  
Halo Blight ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

Coffee production is one of the main agricultural activities in Brazil, and several coffee cultivars with disease resistance have already been developed. The secondary metabolites produced by plants are closely associated with defense strategies, and the resistance of coffee cultivars to bacterial halo blight (BHB) can be related to these compounds. Therefore, this study aims to compare a partially resistant coffee cultivar (Iapar-59) and a susceptible cultivar (Mundo Novo 376/4) to BHB (Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae) in relation to the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of the leaf extracts. In addition, this study determined the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and phenolic profiles of the Iapar-59 leaf extracts of plants inoculated with P. syringae pv. garcae. The Iapar-59 extract showed a higher content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids than the Mundo Novo 376/4 extract. Both cultivars contained gallic, chlorogenic and caffeic acids; however, the highest contents were quantified in the Iapar-59 cultivar. The leaf extracts from the Iapar-59 cultivar exhibited higher antioxidant activity. Higher concentrations of gallic, caffeic and chlorogenic acids and the presence of vanillin were detected in the extract of cultivar Iapar-59 inoculated with P. syringae pv. garcae.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of the Gene Coding for the Amidinotransferase Involved in the Biosynthesis of Phaseolotoxin in Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola

2001 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 545-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hernández-Guzmán ◽  
Ariel Alvarez-Morales
Keyword(s):  
Aspartic Acid ◽  
Pseudomonas Syringae ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Insertion Mutant ◽  
Halo Blight ◽  
Streptomyces Spp ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Blight Disease

Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola is the causal agent of the “halo blight” disease of beans. A key component in the development of the disease is a nonhost-specific toxin, Nδ-(N'-sulphodiaminophosphinyl)-ornithyl-alanyl-homoarginine, known as phaseolotoxin. The homoarginine residue in this molecule has been suggested to be the product of Larginine:lysine amidinotransferase activity, previously detected in extracts of P. syringae pv. phaseolicola grown under conditions of phaseolotoxin production. We report the isolation and characterization of an amidinotransferase gene (amtA) from P. syringae pv. phaseolicola coding for a polypeptide of 362 residues (41.36 kDa) and showing approximately 40% sequence similarity to Larginine:inosamine-phosphate amidinotransferase from three species of Streptomyces spp. and 50.4% with an Larginine:glycine amidinotransferase from human mitochondria. The cysteine, histidine, and aspartic acid residues involved in substrate binding are conserved. Furthermore, expression of the amtA and argK genes and phaseolotoxin production occurs at 18°C but not at 28°C. An amidinotransferase insertion mutant was obtained that lost the capacity to synthesize homoarginine and phaseolotoxin. These results show that the amtA gene isolated is responsible for the amidinotransferase activity detected previously and that phaseolotoxin production depends upon the activity of this gene.

Characterization of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Races in Zambia and Evaluation of the CIAT Phaseolus Core Collection for Resistance to Anthracnose

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Kamfwa ◽  
Paul Gepts ◽  
Swivia Hamabwe ◽  
Zombe Kapata Nalupya ◽  
Chikoti Mukuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Core Collection ◽  
Durable Resistance ◽  
Colletotrichum Lindemuthianum ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Runner Bean ◽  
Causal Pathogen ◽  
Scarlet Runner Bean

Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, the causal pathogen of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) anthracnose, is highly variable. Therefore, understanding its race structure and identification of new sources of resistance is necessary for the development of varieties with durable resistance. The objectives of this study were (i) to characterize isolates of C. lindemuthianum collected from three major bean-growing regions in Zambia, and (ii) evaluate the CIAT Phaseolus core collection for resistance to C. lindemuthianum races 37, 73, and 566, and a blend of 20 races. Isolates collected from three major bean-growing districts in Zambia, namely Mporokoso, Mpika, and Mbala, were characterized as race 37, 73, and 566, respectively. A subset of the CIAT core collection comprised of 885 accessions of common bean, 13 accessions of scarlet runner bean (P. coccineus), and 11 accessions of year bean (P. dumosus) were evaluated for resistance to races 37, 73 and 566, and a blend of 20 races in a greenhouse at University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. A total of 72%, 66%, 48% and 9% of P. vulgaris accessions evaluated were highly resistant to races 37, 73, 566 and a blend of 20 races, respectively. Also, accessions of P. coccineus and P. dumosus, highly resistant to races 37, 73 and 566, were identified. Only eight of the 331 P. vulgaris accessions were highly resistant to all three individual races (37, 73, and 566) and to a blend of 20 races. These eight accessions constitute a valuable breeding resource for developing varieties with durable resistance to C. lindemuthianum.

New sources of resistance to anthracnose and angular leaf spot of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Euphytica ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. F. Schwartz ◽  
M. A. Pastor Corrales ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Angular Leaf Spot ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Sources Of Resistance
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