Cloning, molecular and functional characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana allene oxide synthase (CYP 74), the first enzyme of the octadecanoid pathway to jasmonates

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Laudert ◽  
Utta Pfannschmidt ◽  
F. Lottspeich ◽  
Heike Holl�nder-Czytko ◽  
Elmar W. Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Octadecanoid Pathway ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE and HYDROPEROXIDE LYASE, Two Non-Canonical Cytochrome P450s in Arabidopsis thaliana and Their Different Roles in Plant Defense

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachin Rustgi ◽  
Armin Springer ◽  
ChulHee Kang ◽  
Diter von Wettstein ◽  
Christiane Reinbothe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Plant Defense ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Green Leaf Volatiles ◽  
Hydroperoxide Lyase ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Enzymes ◽  
Oxide Synthase

The channeling of metabolites is an essential step of metabolic regulation in all living organisms. Multifunctional enzymes with defined domains for metabolite compartmentalization are rare, but in many cases, larger assemblies forming multimeric protein complexes operate in defined metabolic shunts. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a multimeric complex was discovered that contains a 13-lipoxygenase and allene oxide synthase (AOS) as well as allene oxide cyclase. All three plant enzymes are localized in chloroplasts, contributing to the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA). JA and its derivatives act as ubiquitous plant defense regulators in responses to both biotic and abiotic stresses. AOS belongs to the superfamily of cytochrome P450 enzymes and is named CYP74A. Another CYP450 in chloroplasts, hydroperoxide lyase (HPL, CYP74B), competes with AOS for the common substrate. The products of the HPL reaction are green leaf volatiles that are involved in the deterrence of insect pests. Both enzymes represent non-canonical CYP450 family members, as they do not depend on O2 and NADPH-dependent CYP450 reductase activities. AOS and HPL activities are crucial for plants to respond to different biotic foes. In this mini-review, we aim to summarize how plants make use of the LOX2–AOS–AOC2 complex in chloroplasts to boost JA biosynthesis over volatile production and how this situation may change in plant communities during mass ingestion by insect pests.

scholarly journals Expression of Castanea crenata Allene Oxide Synthase in Arabidopsis Improves the Defense to Phytophthora cinnamomi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Serrazina ◽  
Helena Machado ◽  
Rita Lourenço Costa ◽  
Paula Duque ◽  
Rui Malhó
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Castanea Crenata ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Allene oxide synthase (AOS) is a key enzyme of the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. The AOS gene was previously found to be upregulated in an Asian chestnut species resistant to infection by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi (Castanea crenata), while lower expression values were detected in the susceptible European chestnut (Castanea sativa). Here, we report a genetic and functional characterization of the C. crenata AOS (CcAOS) upon its heterologous gene expression in a susceptible ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana, which contains a single AOS gene. It was found that Arabidopsis plants expressing CcAOS delay pathogen progression and exhibit more vigorous growth in its presence. They also show upregulation of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid-related genes. As in its native species, heterologous CcAOS localized to plastids, as revealed by confocal imaging of the CcAOS-eGFP fusion protein in transgenic Arabidopsis roots. This observation was confirmed upon transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf epidermal cells. To further confirm a specific role of CcAOS in the defense mechanism against the pathogen, we performed crosses between transgenic CcAOS plants and an infertile Arabidopsis AOS knockout mutant line. It was found that plants expressing CcAOS exhibit normal growth, remain infertile but are significantly more tolerant to the pathogen than wild type plants. Together, our results indicate that CcAOS is an important player in plant defense responses against oomycete infection and that its expression in susceptible varieties may be a valuable tool to mitigate biotic stress responses.

scholarly journals Characterization of novel imidazole derivative, JM-8686, a potent inhibitor of allene oxide synthase

FEBS Letters ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 580 (24) ◽  
pp. 5791-5796 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keimei Oh ◽  
Tadao Asami ◽  
Kenji Matsui ◽  
Gregg A. Howe ◽  
Noboru Murofushi
Keyword(s):  
Potent Inhibitor ◽  
Imidazole Derivative ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Structure and regulation of the Arabidopsis thaliana allene oxide synthase gene

Planta ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 208 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kubigsteltig ◽  
D. Laudert ◽  
E. W. Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Oxide Synthase

scholarly journals Characterization of PtAOS1 Promoter and Three Novel Interacting Proteins Responding to Drought in Poncirus trifoliata

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (13) ◽  
pp. 4705
Author(s):  
Jiang Xiong ◽  
Lian Liu ◽  
Xiaochuan Ma ◽  
Feifei Li ◽  
Chaolan Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Luciferase Assay ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Trifoliate Orange ◽  
Chloroplast Targeting ◽  
Novel Proteins ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Jasmonic acid (JA) plays a crucial role in various biological processes including development, signal transduction and stress response. Allene oxide synthase (AOS) catalyzing (13S)-hydroperoxyoctadecatrienoic acid (13-HPOT) to an unstable allene oxide is involved in the first step of JA biosynthesis. Here, we isolated the PtAOS1 gene and its promoter from trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata). PtAOS1 contains a putative chloroplast targeting sequence in N-terminal and shows relative to pistachio (Pistacia vera) AOS. A number of stress-, light- and hormone-related cis-elements were found in the PtAOS1 promoter which may be responsible for the up-regulation of PtAOS1 under drought and JA treatments. Transient expression in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) demonstrated that the P−532 (−532 to +1) fragment conferring drive activity was a core region in the PtAOS1 promoter. Using yeast one-hybrid, three novel proteins, PtDUF886, PtDUF1685 and PtRAP2.4, binding to P−532 were identified. The dual luciferase assay in tobacco illustrated that all three transcription factors could enhance PtAOS1 promoter activity. Genes PtDUF1685 and PtRAP2.4 shared an expression pattern which was induced significantly by drought stress. These findings should be available evidence for trifoliate orange responding to drought through JA modulation.

scholarly journals Expression of Castanea crenata Allene Oxide Synthase in Arabidopsis Improves the Defense to Phytophthora cinnamomi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susana Serrazina ◽  
Helena Machado ◽  
Rita Costa ◽  
Paula Duque ◽  
Rui Malhó
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Defense Responses ◽  
Confocal Imaging ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Castanea Crenata ◽  
Oxide Synthase

ABSTRACTAllene oxide synthase (AOS) is a key enzyme of the jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. The AOS gene was previously found to be upregulated in an Asian chestnut species resistant to infection by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi (Castanea crenata), while lower expression values were detected in the susceptible European chestnut (Castanea sativa). Here, we report a genetic and functional characterization of the C. crenata AOS (CcAOS) upon its heterologous gene expression in a susceptible ecotype of Arabidopsis thaliana, which contains a single AOS gene. It was found that Arabidopsis plants expressing CcAOS delay pathogen progression and exhibit more vigorous growth in its presence. They also show upregulation of jasmonic acid and salicylic acid-related genes. As in its native species, heterologous CcAOS localized to plastids, as revealed by confocal imaging of the CcAOS-eGFP fusion protein in transgenic Arabidopsis roots. This observation was confirmed upon transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf epidermal cells. To further confirm a specific role of CcAOS in the defense mechanism against the pathogen, we performed crosses between transgenic CcAOS plants and an infertile Arabidopsis AOS knockout mutant line. It was found that plants expressing CcAOS exhibit normal growth, remain infertile but are significantly more tolerant to the pathogen than wild type plants.Together, our results indicate that CcAOS is an important player in plant defense responses against oomycete infection and that its expression in susceptible varieties may be a valuable tool to mitigate biotic stress responses.One-sentence summaryHeterologous expression of the Castanea crenata allene oxide synthase gene in Arabidopsis thaliana improves the defense response to the pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi.

scholarly journals Wounding stimulates ALLENE OXIDE SYNTHASE gene and increases the level of jasmonic acid in Ipomoea nil cotyledons

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Wilmowicz ◽  
Agata Kućko ◽  
Kamil Frankowski ◽  
Barbara Zabrocka-Nowakowska ◽  
Katarzyna Panek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Jasmonic Acid ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Allene Oxide ◽  
Allene Oxide Synthase ◽  
Lipoxygenase Pathway ◽  
Ipomoea Nil ◽  
Evolutionarily Conserved ◽  
Strong Stimulation ◽  
Oxide Synthase

<em>Allene oxide synthase</em> (<em>AOS</em>) encodes the first enzyme in the lipoxygenase pathway, which is responsible for jasmonic acid (JA) formation. In this study we report the molecular cloning and characterization of <em>InAOS</em> from <em>Ipomoea nil</em>. The full-length gene is composed of 1662 bp and encodes for 519 amino acids. The predicted InAOS contains PLN02648 motif, which is evolutionarily conserved and characteristic for functional enzymatic proteins. We have shown that wounding led to a strong stimulation of the examined gene activity in cotyledons and an increase in JA level, which suggest that this compound may be a modulator of stress responses in <em>I. nil</em>.

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