Boron toxicity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings in relation to soil temperature

1995 ◽  
Vol 177 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Mahalakshmi ◽  
S. K. Yau ◽  
J. Ryan ◽  
J. M. Peacock
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

scholarly journals Diversity in boron toxicity tolerance of Australian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie E. Hayes ◽  
Margaret Pallotta ◽  
Melissa Garcia ◽  
Mehmet Tufan Öz ◽  
Jay Rongala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

Germanium as a tool to dissect boron toxicity effects in barley and wheat

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie E. Hayes ◽  
Margaret Pallotta ◽  
Ute Baumann ◽  
Bettina Berger ◽  
Peter Langridge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Tolerance Gene ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Barley Population ◽  
Toxicity Effects ◽  
Leaf Symptoms

Tolerance to boron (B) toxicity in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is partially attributable to HvNIP2;1, an aquaporin with permeability to B, as well as to silicon, arsenic and germanium (Ge). In this study, we mapped leaf symptoms of Ge toxicity in a doubled-haploid barley population (Clipper × Sahara 3771). Two quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with Ge toxicity symptoms were identified, located on Chromosomes 6H and 2H. These QTL co-located with two of four B toxicity tolerance loci previously mapped in the same population. The B toxicity tolerance gene underlying the 6H locus encodes HvNIP2;1, whereas the gene(s) and mechanisms underlying the 2H locus are as yet unknown. We provide examples of the application of Ge in studying specific aspects of B toxicity tolerance in plants, including screening of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley populations for altered function of HvNIP2;1 and related proteins. In particular, Ge may facilitate elucidation of the mechanism and gene(s) underlying the barley Chromosome 2H B tolerance locus.

Soil respiration in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and fallow fields

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 591-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Rochette ◽  
R. L. Desjardins ◽  
E. G. Gregorich ◽  
E. Pattey ◽  
R. Lessard
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
Eddy Correlation ◽  
Correlation Technique ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Fallow Soil ◽  
The Impact

A study was carried out to quantify the diurnal variation of soil respiration in fallow and barley fields and to assess the impact of atmospheric CO2 concentration (C) and crop photosynthesis on soil respiration rates under field conditions. Soil respiration rate was measured twice a day (06:00 and 13:00 h EST) for 69 consecutive days at Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, during the 1990 growing season. Measurements were taken on fallow and under a barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ’Léger’) crop using a dynamic closed chamber system. Crop net photosynthesis was obtained by substracting soil respiration from the vertical CO2 fluxes above the crop which was obtained using the eddy correlation technique. Afternoon soil respiration averaged 22 and 17% more than that in the morning on fallow and barley soils, respectively. No correlation was found between atmospheric CO2 concentration and morning respiration rates. The two daily respiration measurements on fallow soil could be fit to the same function of soil temperature despite important differences in C at the time of measurement. These results indicate that soil temperature might account for the differences in R between morning and afternoon, and that the effect of C need not be considered for the modelling of the soil respiration diurnal cycle. Respiration in soil under barley was 25% lower than in fallow soil. Soil under barley was estimated to have at least 199 g C m−2 more than fallow soil at the time of harvest due to the lower soil respiration and to the input of carbon by barley root residues. High correlations were obtained between crop photosynthesis and soil respiration rates during vegetative and reproductive periods, confirming that the biotic plant component is an important factor controlling soil respiration rates in cropped fields. Key words: Root respiration, chamber measurements, CO2 flux, crop net photosynthesis, greenhouse gas, soil organic matter.

Mapping of chromosome regions conferring boron toxicity tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

1999 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 1293-1303 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Jefferies ◽  
A. R. Barr ◽  
A. Karakousis ◽  
J. M. Kretschmer ◽  
S. Manning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Boron Toxicity ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Chromosome Regions

Ultrastructure and Senescence in an Achloroplastic Mutant of Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Dyan

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 844-845
Author(s):  
R.H.M. Cross ◽  
C.E.J. Botha ◽  
A.K. Cowan ◽  
B.J. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Lethal Mutant ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pinocytotic Vesicles

Senescence is an ordered degenerative process leading to death of individual cells, organs and organisms. The detection of a conditional lethal mutant (achloroplastic) of Hordeum vulgare has enabled us to investigate ultrastructural changes occurring in leaf tissue during foliar senescence.Examination of the tonoplast structure in six and 14 day-old mutant tissue revealed a progressive degeneration and disappearance of the membrane, apparently starting by day six in the vicinity of the mitochondria associated with the degenerating proplastid (Fig. 1.) where neither of the plastid membrane leaflets is evident (arrows, Fig. 1.). At this stage there was evidence that the mitochondrial membranes were undergoing retrogressive changes, coupled with disorganization of cristae (Fig. 2.). Proplastids (P) lack definitive prolamellar bodies. The cytoplasmic matrix is largely agranular, with few endoplasmic reticulum (ER) cisternae or polyribosomal aggregates. Interestingly, large numbers of actively-budding dictysomes, associated with pinocytotic vesicles, were observed in close proximity to the plasmalemma of mesophyll cells (Fig. 3.). By day 14 however, mesophyll cells showed almost complete breakdown of subcellular organelle structure (Fig. 4.), and further evidence for the breakdown of the tonoplast. The final stage of senescence is characterized by the solubilization of the cell wall due to expression and activity of polygalacturonase and/or cellulose. The presence of dictyosomes with associated pinocytotic vesicles formed from the mature face, in close proximity to both the plasmalemma and the cell wall, would appear to support the model proposed by Christopherson for the secretion of cellulase. This pathway of synthesis is typical for secretory glycoproteins.

ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТЬ ЯЧМЕНЯ (Hordeum vulgare L.) РАЗНОГО ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКОГО ПРОИСХОЖДЕНИЯ ПО ЭЛЕМЕНТАМ СТРУКТУРЫ УРОЖАЯ

2012 ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
А.В. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВ ◽  
◽  
Н.Б. ЖЕЛЕЗНОВА ◽  
Т.В. КУКОЕВА ◽  
Н.В. БУРМАКИНА ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L

ВНУТРИВИДОВОЙ ПОЛИМОРФИЗМ ЯРОВОГО ЯЧМЕНЯ (Hordeum vulgare L.) ПО УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ К ДЕЙСТВИЮ СВИНЦА

2014 ◽  
pp. 78-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. ДИКАРЕВ ◽  
◽  
В.Г. ДИКАРЕВ ◽  
Н.С. ДИКАРЕВА ◽  
С.А. ГЕРАСЬКИН ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L
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