Oil Droplet Generation and Incubation for Biodegradation Studies of Dispersed Oil

2016 ◽  
pp. 237-253
Author(s):  
Odd Gunnar Brakstad ◽  
Mimmi Throne-Holst ◽  
Trond Nordtug
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Generation ◽  
Oil Droplet ◽  
Dispersed Oil

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DISPERSED OIL DROPLET SIZE IN DETERMINING DISPERSANT EFFECTIVENESS UNDER VARIOUS CONDITIONS

1985 ◽  
Vol 1985 (1) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Lewis ◽  
D. C. Byford ◽  
P. R. Laskey
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Oil Droplet ◽  
Dispersed Oil ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Oil Density ◽  
Dispersant Effectiveness ◽  
Droplet Size Distributions ◽  
Oil Droplet Size

ABSTRACT Oil spill dispersants speed up the rate of natural dispersion by enabling the prevailing energy of the wind and waves to convert an oil slick into droplets. The droplets are then dispersed horizontally and vertically by the mixing action of the sea. Vertical dispersion is countered by the buoyancy of the droplets, which depends on oil density and droplet size. The magnitude of the forces available in the sea to create and disperse droplets varies with sea state. A variety of test methods are used to assess the effectiveness of dispersants. Many of these methods attempt to simulate the shearing and mixing action of the sea. The validity of these simulations is difficult to quantify. The oil droplet size distributions of dispersions produced in the Labofina (inverting flask), MNS (Mackay-Nadeau-Steelman), and Oscillating Hoop tests have been determined. An estimate of the relative magnitude of the forces generated in each method has been deduced from data on oil droplet size. The effects of varying dispersant composition, energy input, dispersant to oil ratio and temperature, are discussed. The lack of correlation between results obtained from the different tests is explained by identifying the predominant processes occurring in each method.

Oil droplet generation in PDMS microchannel using an amphiphilic continuous phase

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Kyoung Chae ◽  
Chang-Ha Lee ◽  
Soo Hyun Lee ◽  
Tae-Song Kim ◽  
Ji Yoon Kang
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Droplet Generation ◽  
Oil Droplet ◽  
Pdms Microchannel

Dispersant Effectiveness and Toxicity—An Integrated Approach

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-339
Author(s):  
M.C. Sterling ◽  
R.L. Autenrieth ◽  
J.S. Bonner ◽  
C.B. Fuller ◽  
C.A. Page ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Toxicity Testing ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Droplet Coalescence ◽  
Oil Droplets ◽  
Oil Droplet ◽  
Shear Rates ◽  
Dispersed Oil ◽  
Dispersant Effectiveness ◽  
Experimental Dispersion

ABSTRACT An integrated approach to study chemical dispersant effectiveness and dispersed oil toxicity is presented. Conventional lab scale effectiveness tests generally provide a measure of overall dispersant effectiveness. However, chemical dispersion can be viewed as two processes: (1) dispersant-oil slick mixing and (2) oil droplet transport into the water column. Inefficiencies in either process limit the overall dispersant effectiveness. This laboratory study centered on the latter process and was conducted to focus on the impacts of water column hydrodynamics on the resurfacing of dispersed oil droplets. Using a droplet coalescence model (Sterling et al., 2002), the droplet coalescence rates of dispersed crude oil was determined within a range of shear rates. A controlled shear batch reactor was created in which coalescence of dispersed oil droplets were monitored in-situ. Experimental dispersion efficiencies (C/C0) and droplet size distributions were compared to those predicted by Stokes resurfacing. Experimental C/C0 values were lower than that predicted from Stokes resurfacing. Experimental dispersion efficiency values (C/C0) decreased linearly with increasing mean shear rates due to increased coalescence rates. These results suggested that dispersed oil droplet coalescence in the water column can adversely impact overall dispersant efficiency. To avoid high control mortality in toxicity testing, the toxicity exposure chamber was designed with separate compartments for scaled mixing and organism exposure, respectively. Chamber design includes continuous re-circulation between mixing and exposure chamber. A 1-minute exposure compartment residence time was determined from tracer studies indicating virtually identical oil concentrations in the mixing and exposure compartments. In addition, the 96-hour mortality of 14-day oil Menidia beryllina varied from 2% in the no-oil control tests to 87% in the dispersed oil (200 mg/L) tests. These results show the effectiveness of the integrated vessel for the characterization and toxicity testing of oil dispersions.

Microchannel Emulsification Using Stainless-Steel Chips: Oil Droplet Generation Characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 1865-1871 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kobayashi ◽  
Y. Wada ◽  
Y. Hori ◽  
M. A. Neves ◽  
K. Uemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Droplet Generation ◽  
Oil Droplet ◽  
Microchannel Emulsification

A 3D tubular structure with droplet generation and temperature control for DNA amplification

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaw-Hwa Parng ◽  
Ping-Jung Wu ◽  
Yu-Yin Tsai ◽  
Ruey-Shyan Hong ◽  
Su-Jan Lee
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Control ◽  
Dna Amplification ◽  
Tubular Structure ◽  
Droplet Generation

scholarly journals Effect of storage on the rheological and viscoelastic properties of mayonnaise emulsions of different oil droplet size

Heliyon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. e05788
Author(s):  
George Katsaros ◽  
Magdalini Tsoukala ◽  
Marianna Giannoglou ◽  
Petros Taoukis
Keyword(s):  
Droplet Size ◽  
Viscoelastic Properties ◽  
Oil Droplet ◽  
Oil Droplet Size
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